高考英语阅读理解基础精品题练习（2）.doc

2014高考英语阅读理解基础精品题练习（2）及答案阅读理解historians say harriet tubman was born in the year 1820nobody really knowsbut we do know that harriet tubman was one of the bravest women ever born in the united statesfrom a very early age, harriet knew how slaves sufferedat six years old, she was sent to the fields working outside not only made her body strong but also made her learn about the underground railroad, through which she helped hundreds of people escape from slavery latershe also learned many things from other slaves, which one day would help her lead her people to freedomshe became more of a rebel （叛逆者）in 1844, at about age 24, she married a free black man named john tubmanby now, harriet was sure she wanted to try to escapesuddenly, the time cameher owner diedthough opposed by her husband, she decided to escapewith the help of the underground railroad, and through a variety of suffering she finally crossed the border into pennsylvania, where slavery was banned （禁止）later, she told a friend, i felt like i was in heavennow that harriet was free, she did not forget the hundreds of other slaves back in marylandharriet traveled back and forth eighteen times, helping about 300 slaves escape into free territoryshe became an expert at hiding from slave hunterthe people she helped called her mosesat one time anyone finding harriet was promised $40,000 for catching her dead or aliveduring the civil war, harriet tubman went into enemy territory to spy for the northshe also served as a nurseafter four years of bloody fighting, the north won the warafter the fighting ended, harriet tubman returned to auburn, new yorkshe kept workingshe traveled and gave speeches to raise money for better education for black childrenshe also worked for womens rights and housingharriet tubman died in 1913she was about 93 years oldby that time, she was recognized as an american herothe united states government gave a funeral with military honors for the woman known a moses44what can we say the underground railroad is?aa kind of train ba special railroadca group of slaves da secret organization45people called harriet moses because they regarded her as _aa sister ba fighter ca leader da friend46which is true according to the text?aharriet was well educated as a childbharriet worked for the blacks till her lastcslavery ended in america during the civil wardthe government honored harriet for her bravery47which is the right order about what harriet tubman did?ashe was called mosesbshe spied for the northcshe worked in the fielddshe returned to new yorkcshe was honored as a herofshe escaped into pennsylvaniaac; f; a; b; d; e bf; b; c; d; e; a cf; c; b; a; d; e dc; f; b; a; d; e48which of the following should be the best title for the text?acruel american civil warba history of american black slavesca brief introduction to harriet tubmandinformation on the underground railroadyao yunchun, a 24-year-old author who frequently shops online in hangzhou, zhejiang province, has never been so impatient for her parcels as she is now. she has been counting every day while she waits for the products she ordered to arrive, as many deliveries have been delayed over the past month.“it took more than a week for one of my parcels to arrive from beijing while, in the past, it took only four days,”said yao.she is just one of the many who like shopping on t, the countrys largest online shopping site, which has posted apologetic announcements to customers for the delays in deliveries.“many parcels are still at the airport and cannot be delivered on time, but i think i will do my best.”taobao clothes retailer(零售商) im shop said on its website. meanwhile, major express delivery companies in china have put up notices saying they are ready to cope with the delay in recent days.“it was mainly caused by a big increase in online shopping orders because of discounts offered by e-commerce companies,”said chen shousong, an analyst with domestic research company analysis international.taobao mall, the countrys largest business-to-customer shopping site by market share, for example, rolled out a large-scale discount on november 11 in which 150 brands sold their products at half price. the discount attracted the attention of many e-shopping enthusiasts who spent 936 million yuan( $ 142 million) in just one day. the recent shortage of diesel oil, which restricts delivery vehicles capacity, and bad weather conditions in north china, also added to an already overloaded express delivery market.bottlenecks in delivery often appear before long holidays, such as the coming christmas and new year holidays and the chinese traditional spring festival holiday. delivery employees often quit their jobs at that time when faced with lots of work and low pay. so some express delivery companies are applying to build their own teams, even airlines.64. which of the following is the best title for the passage? a. waiting for the postman impatiently b. shopping on t conveniently c. arguing with retailers online heatedly d. suffering from large-scale discounts65. why were many deliveries delayed last month? a. the airport didnt perform their duty properly. b. some customers didnt pay enough money. c. sales volume in online shopping goes up rapidly. d. delivery companies are short of vehicles.【答案】c【解析】根据第三段it was mainly caused by a big increase in online shopping orders because of discounts offered by e-commerce companies,送货慢的原因是意为商家打折，网上订单剧增造成的，可知 c为正确答案。【考点定位】考查细节理解能力。66.the underlined word“enthusiasts”has the same meaning with . a. retailers b. customers c. providers d. owners67. what would be continued with the passage? a. to attract more new delivery employees. b. to call off the holiday for the spring festival. c. to stop online shopping before holidays. d. to build e-commerce companies own delivery teams.【答案】d【解析】由文段最后一句一些快递公司正在创建自己的团队和航线可知，接下来文章就应该讲网络商建立自己的快递团队，故d为正确答案。【考点定位】考查作者写作思路推理的能力。阅读理解madrid （reuters）spain s parliament （国会） voiced its support on wednesday for the rights of great apes （猿） to life and freedomparliaments environmental committee approved resolution （决议） urging spain to carry out the great ape project （gap）, designed by scientists and philosophers who say our closest genetic relatives deserve rights limited to humansthis is a historic day in the struggle for animal rights and in defense of our evolutionary comrades, which will doubtless go down in the history of humanity, said pedro poza, spanish director of the great ape projectthe new resolution has cross-party support and it is thought they will become law within a year, making spain the first nation to extend legal rights to apesunder the new law, potential experiments on apes in spain will be forbiddenwe have no knowledge of great apes being used in experiments in spain, but there is currently no law preventing that from happening, poza saidkeeping apes for circuses, television commercials or filming will also be forbiddenhousing apes in spanish zoos, of which there are currently 315, will remain legal, but supporters of the bill have said the conditions in which most of them live will need to improve vastlyphilosophers peter singer and paola cavalieri founded the great ape project in 1993, arguing that non-human hominids（灵长类） should enjoy the rights to life and freedom and not to be mistreated49the great ape project was probably set up to _aprotect great apes rights bresearch the great ape societycsave the endangered great apes dstudy the development of the great apes50what is pozas attitude towards the resolutions?ahe doubts their truth bhe strongly supports themche thinks them unnecessary dhe pays little attention to them51what does the underlined words the bill refer to?athe money for ape housing bthe rights of great apescthe resolution dthe new law52which of the following expresses the main idea of the text?aapes have legal rights in spain bapes should have human rightscthe great apes project did a good job dexperiments on apes will be forbidden located in the forests near the village of harads in northern sweden, the treehotel opened its doors in the summer of 2010 and offers six guest roomsowners, britta and kent lindvall, invited designers and architects to create a series of unique tree houses that reflect the growing popularity of ecologically-themedholidaystheres the mirrorcube, a 4x4x4 meter aluminum box in mirrored glassaccessed via a footbridge, the cabin is suspended （悬吊） from the surrounding pines on a steep bank, affording views of the lulea riverboth these rooms sleep two people while the nest （covered in branches）, the blue cone （which is actually painted red） and the ufo （a spaceship skewered by pines） all have enough room to sleep a family of fourthe treehotel was built after they saw a 2008 swedish documentary （记录片） called tradalskaren （the tree lover） that tells the story of three men who build a tree house near harads in an attempt to rediscover their rural roots after years of living in a citythe lindvalls, who already owned and ran a nearby guesthouse, saw the chance to create a different kind of holiday experiencewhen the film was over, interest in the original tree house grew so we decided to build our own, closer to our place, kent lindvall saidthe plan for next year is five new roomswe also plan to build a chapel so people can get married up thereopen all year round, the treehotel might attract only the hardest of souls during the winter as temperatures typically dip to around minus 15 degrees celsiusbut brave travelers will be rewarded with stunning snowy landscapes as well as a three sauna and under-floor heating in every room delivered by renewable energy53britta and kent lindvall opened the treehotel to _aprotect forestsbintroduce excellent ideas of designerscprovide a peaceful lifestyle for citizensdmeet the tourists demand for getting close to nature54which of the following rooms suits a couple most?athe cabin bthe ufocthe nest dthe blue cone55what can we learn about tradalskaren ?ait introduces the way of building treehotelsbit is about experience of returning to naturecit aims to attract holidaymakers to the treehoteldit is about britta and kent lindvalls life experience56what does the underlined part the hardest of souls refer to?ahard-working couples bstrong-willed peoplecskilled travelers dthe youtha food additive is any substance that is added to food. many people are put off by the idea of“chemicals in food.”the truth is that all food is made up of chemicals. natural substances like milk, as well as man-made ones like drinks on sale in the market, can be described by chemical formulas. some chemical substances are indeed harmful, but a person who refused to consume any chemicals would find nothing to eat.the things we eat can be divided into natural and man-made substances. some people feel that only natural foods are healthy and that all man-made ingredients are to be avoided. but many natural chemicals, found in plants and animals, are harmful when eaten, and some laboratory-made substances increase the nutritional value of food. other chemicals have natural and man-made forms that are exactly alike: vitamin c is vitamin c, whether it comes from a test tube or from an orange. like“chemical”,“man-made”doesnt necessarily mean“not fit to eat”.food additives are used for many reasons. we add sugar and salt and other things to foods we prepare at home to make them taste better. food producers have developed a range of additives that stabilize, thicken, harden, keep wet, keep firm, or improve the appearance of their products. additives can make food more convenient or nutritious, give it a longer shelf life, and make it more attractive to the consumer, thus increasing the sales and profits of the producers.food additives are presently the centre of a storm of serious argument. food producers have been known to use additives that have not been proved safe; some substances in common use have been proved unsafe and have been taken off the market. many people feel theres a risk of eating food to which anything has been added. but food additives are now regulated by the fda of the federal government, and new additives are subjected to strict testing before they can be placed on the market. for most people, the chances of developing serious side effects from the long-term use of presently approved food additives are very slim.68. from the passage we can learn that . a. all foods consist of chemical substances b. it is right to reject chemicals in food c. food additives are harmful to our health d. natural foods are much safer than man-made ones【答案】a【解析】由第一段the truth is that all food is made up of chemicals.事实上所有的食物都含有化学物质。可知a为正确答案。【考点定位】考查细节理解题。69. which of the following is true according to the passage? a. foods with more additives have higher nutritional value. b. to ensure food safety, the fda will ban food additives. c. foods free of additives can keep a much longer shelf life. d. food additives can improve the quality of foods in many ways.【答案】d【解析】由第三段介绍食品添加剂可以防潮，改善品味，提高营养等可知d为正确答案。【考点定位】考查细节理解题。70.we can infer from the regulation to the food additives by the fda that . a. new additives will be approved more easily than before b. food producers wont be allowed to use new food additives c. food with common-used additives will be taken off the market d. food additives will be used in a safer and more scientific way71. according to the writer, the food additive is . a. worrying b. acceptable c. poisonous d. avoidable we live in a very competitive world. everybody seems to be competing with someone at some level. each week we spend hours playing or watching others compete in sporting activities all over the world. we cannot help being impressed by the level of excellence that these people achieve.in sport and business, competition encourages excellence in performance. where there is no competition, improvement in performance is less likely. some level of competition is a have-to in all aspects of life.the following story makes this point.as two friends are hiking in the forest they come across a huge, ferocious and obviously hungry bear. its next meal has just come into sight, and they are it! the first friend calculates that the bear will catch them in 27.3 seconds. at that point, she panics, realizing there is no escape. she faces her friend, with the fear of death in her eyes. to her amazement, she observes that her friend is not scared at all. on the contrary, her friend is quickly but calmly taking off her hiking boots and putting on running shoes. “what do you think youre doing?”the first hiker says to her companion. “youll never be able to run faster than that bear”. “thats true,” says the companion,“but all i have to do is escape, faster than you.”we all compete when the motivation is strong enough. however, competition is not the real purpose of life. fulfilling the measure of our creation can only be achi