定语从句中which和that区别.doc

定语从句中which和that区别奥赛书上的内容：介词后只能用which不能用that先行词为 xxx-thing 时只能用that先行词被the only（含序数词）等限定词修饰时只能用that先行词被最高级修饰时只用that限制性定语从句只能用that 的几种情况 1当先行词是anything, everything, nothing (something 除外), few, all, none, little, some 等代词时，或者是由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much 等修饰时 (1) Have you taken down everything that Mr. Li has said? (2) There seems to be nothing that seems impossible for him in the world. (3) All that can be done has been done. (4) There is little that I can do for you.注意：当先行词指人时，偶尔也可以用who (4) Any man that/.who has a sense of duty wont do such a thing.2. 当先行词被序数词修饰 (1) The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben.3. 当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时 (1) This is the best film that I have seen.4. 当形容词被the very, the only修饰时 (1) This is the very dictionary that I want to buy, (2) After the fire in his house, the old car is the only thing that he owned.当先行词指人时，偶尔也可以用who (3) Wang Hua is the only person in our school who will attend the meeting/5. 当先行词前面有who, which等疑问代词时 (1) Who is the man that is standing there? (2) Which is the T-shirt that fits me most?6. 当先行词既有人，也有动物或者物体时 (1) Can you remember the scientist and his theory that we have learned?that与which的用法区别两者都可指物，常可互换。其区别主要在于：1. 引导非限制性定语从句时，通常要用which：The current, which is very rapid, makes the river dangerous. 水流湍急，使这条河很危险。He has to work on Sundays, which he doesnt like. 他得在星期天工作，他是不喜欢这样的。The London team, which played so well last season, has done badly this season. 伦敦队上一个季度打得很好，这个季度却打得很差。2. 直接放在介词后作宾语时，通常要用which：She may be late, in which case we ought to wait for her. 她可能晚到，那样我们就要等等她。The documents for which they were searching have been recovered. 他们找寻的文件已找到了。This morning some port wine came, for which I have to thank you. 今天早上送来一些波尔图葡萄酒，为此我得向你道谢。注：有时“介词+which”引导的定语从句可以转换成“介词+which+不定式”结构：He had only the long nights in which he could study. =He had only the long nights in which to study. 他只有漫漫长夜可用来学习。He had a couple of revolvers with which he could defend himself.= He had a couple of revolvers with which to defend himself. 他只有一两把手枪用来自卫。3. 当先行词是下列不定代词或被它们修饰时much, little, none, all, few, every(thing), any(thing), no(thing) 等时，通常用that：All that she lacked was training. 她缺的只是训练。Have you had everything that you need? 你需要的东西都有了吗?The sleeping mans subconscious mind retained everything that was said around him. 这位酣睡的人头脑的下意识能记住他周围的人说的话。She would never do anything that was not approved of by her parents. 她父母不赞同的事她绝不会做。4. 当先行词有the very, the only, the same 等修饰时，通常用that：This is the only example that I know. 我知道的例子只有这一个。Those are the very words that he used. 那是他的原话。5. 当先行词有形容词最高级或序数词(包括last, next等)等修饰时，通常用that：This is the best dictionary that Ive ever used. 这是我用过的最好的词典。The first thing that you should do is to work out a plan. 你应该做的第一件事是订个计划。6. 当关系代词在定语从句中用作表语时，通常用that：China is not the country (that) it was. 中国已不是过去的中国了。7. 当先行词是一个既指人又指物的并列词组时，通常用that：They talked about the persons and things that most impressed them. 他们谈论了使他们印象最深的人和事。8. 当要避免重复时：Which is the course that we are to take? 我们选哪门课程？ 初中英语定语从句练习题选择填空1. Dont talk about such things of _ you are not sure.A. which B. what C. as D. those2. Is this the factory _ you visited the other day?A. that B. where C. in which D. the one3. Is this factory _ some foreign friends visited last Friday?A. that B. where C. which D. the one4. Is this the factory _ he worked ten years ago?A. that B. where C. which D. the one5. The wolves hid themselves in the places _ couldnt be found.A. that B. where C. in which D. in that6. The freezing point is the temperature _ water changes into ice.A. at which B. on that C. in which D. of what7. This book will show you _ can be used in other contexts.A. how you have observed B. what you have observedC. that you have observed D. how that you have observed8. The reason is _ he is unable to operate the machine.A. because B. why C. that D. whether9. Ill tell you _ he told me last week.A. all which B. that C. all that D. which10. That tree, _ branches are almost bare, is very old.A. whose B. of which C. in which D. on which11. I have bought the same dress _ she is wearing.A. as B. that C. which D. what12. He failed in the examination, _ made his father very angry.A. which B. it C. that D. what13. Were talking about the piano and the pianist _ were in the concert we attended last night.A. which B. whom C. who D. that14. The girl _ an English song in the next room is Toms sister.A. who is singing B. is singing C. sang D. was singing15. Those _ not only from books but also through practice will succeed.A. learn B. who C. that learns D. who learn16. Anyone _ this opinion may speak out.A. that against B. that against C. who is against D. who are against17. Didnt you see the man _?A. I nodded just now B. whom I nodded just nowC. I nodded to him just now D. I nodded to just now18. Can you lend me the novel _ the other day?A. that you talked B. you talked about itC. which you talked with D. you talked about19. Is there anything _ to you?A. that is belonged B. that belongsC. that belong D. which belongs20. - “How do you like the book?”- “Its quite different from _ I read last month.”A. that B. which C. the one D. the one what21. Mr. Zhang gave the textbook to all the pupils except _ who had lready taken them.A. the ones B. ones C. some D. the others22. The train _ she was travelling was late.A. which B. where C. on which D. in that23. He has lost the key to the drawer _ the papers are kept.A. where B. in which C. under which D. which24. Antarctic _ we know very little is covered with thick ice all the year round.A. which B. where C. that D. about which25. Its the third time _ late this month.A. that you arrived B. when you arrivedC. that youve arrived D. when youve arrived26. It was in 1969 _the American astronaut succeeded in landing on the moon.A. that B. which C. when D. in which27. May the fourth is the day _ we Chinese people will never forget.A. which B. when C. on which D. about which28. We are going to spend the Spring Festival in Guangzhou, _ live my grandparents and some relatives.A. which B. that C. who D. where29. The hotel _ during our holidays stands by the seaside.A. we stayed at B. where we stayed atC. we stayed D. in that we stayed30. Is it in that factory _ “Red Flag” cars are produced?A. in which B. where C. which D. that31. It is the Suez Canal _ separates Asia _ Africa.A. which, to B. where, from C. that, from D. that, with32. Under the bridge, however, almost directly below, _ was a small canoe, with a boy in it.A. there B. where C. it D. which33. He is not _ a fool _.A. such, as he is looked B. such, as he looksC. as, as he is looked D. so, as he looks34. Is that the reason _ you are in favour of the proposal?A. which B. what C. why D. for that35. He must be from Africa, _ can be seen from his skin.A. that B. as C. who D. what36. He has two sons, _ work as chemists.A. two of whom B. both of whom C. both of which D. all of whom37. I, _ your good friend, will try my best to help you out.A. who is B. who am C. that is D. what is38. He is a man of great experience, _ much can be learned.A. who B. that C. from which D. from whom39. - Do you know the town at all?- No, this is the first time I _ here.A. was B. have been C. came D. am coming40. I dont like _ you speak to her.A. the way B. the way in thatC. the way which D. the way of which41. The two things _ they felt very proud are Jims gold watch and Dellas hair.A. about which B. of whichC. in which D. for which42. The dinner was the most expensive meal we _.A. would have B. have had C. had never had D. had ever had43. Do you know which hotel _?A. she is staying B. she is sta