【三维设计】高考英语总复习（课前体验领悟+课堂考前讲练+课后演练提升+模拟题为例）“语法专题”训练 专题八 介词和介词短语（含解析）.doc

专题八介词和介词短语课前体验领悟完成句子1(2013山东潍坊高三模拟)james cameron is considered one of the greatest directors in the world in_terms_of_his_influence (就他的影响而言) in film industry.2(2013陕西西安五校第一次模拟)the_solution_to_this_problem (这个问题的解决方法) is acceptable. so i am for it.3(2013河南省实验中学模考)one doesnt have to look for to realize the direct connection between_smoking_and_cancer(吸烟与癌症之间)4(2012西安二检)fishing and seafood harvesting has been forbidden along the coast of galicia, forcing many fishermen out_of_work (失业)5(2012兰州部分重点中学高三联考)have you seen my english notebook?oh, jane must have_taken_it_by_mistake (错拿); she has the same one as yours.课堂考前讲练常用介词常用介词如in, on, for, with, against, of, beyond, out of, across等含义较多，应全面把握。1against有“违背，违逆；反对；对不利；倚靠；碰撞；预防；衬托”之意。my mother is against my suggestion while my father is in favour of it.我母亲反对我的建议，然而我父亲赞成。2beyond可表示“范围，限度”，意为“超出，为所不及”。常用短语：beyond words/description/imagination/belief/ones reach/ones control“无法用语言形容、无法用语言描述、想象不出来、不相信、够不着、管不了”。no one hopes that the situation between china and japan is beyond control due to the diaoyu islands.没人希望中日关系因钓鱼岛事件失控。3by可表示“程度或增减的幅度”，还可作“按；以计；依据”讲。industrial workers are generally paid by the hour.产业工人通常按小时来付工资。4for有“就而言；从来看；达，计；为”之意。the biggest concern for most of us is the quality of public education.我们大多数人最关心的是大众教育的质量问题。i always wanted to do the job which id been trained for.(2012浙江高考)我总想从事以前为之培训的工作。5off有“在离不远处；在沿海的海面”之意。two miles off the coast, we sailed right into the storm.在离海岸两英里处我们迎面遇上了暴风雨。6on/upon有“刚就；一就”之意，后接名词或动词ing形式。barry joined the army upon leaving school.巴里一毕业就参军了。7over可表示时间，意为“在期间；直到结束”。im sorry i didnt phone you, but ive been very busy over the past couple of weeks.(2011山东高考)很抱歉没给你打电话，可是这几个星期我一直很忙。8within可表示范围、程度，意为“在之内”。the government was doing everything within its power to help the victims.政府正尽其所能帮助那些受害者。1(2012陕西高考)an agreement seems to be impossible because the majority of the committee members are _ it.aagainstbforcto dwith解析：考查介词辨析。句意：协议好像是不可能的，因为大多数委员会成员都反对。be against“反对”；be for“同意；赞成”。根据be impossible可知，a项正确。答案：a2(2012辽宁高考)the well hotel stands in a quiet place _ the main road at the far end of the lake. ato bforcoff dout解析：考查介词辨析。句意：well宾馆位于湖的另一边，在主干道旁边一个僻静的地方。off表示“与隔着一定的距离”。答案：c3(2012安徽高考)you can change your job, you can move house, but friendship is meant to be _ life.aof boncto dfor解析：考查介词辨析。句意：你可以换工作，也可以搬家，但友谊却可以终身受用。for life意为“终身”。答案：d4(2012浙江高考)_ all the animals ive ever had, these two dogs are the most sensitive to the spoken word.afrom bofcfor dwith 解析：考查介词辨析。根据句意“在所有我养过的动物当中，这两条狗是对话语最敏感的”可知，这里表示“所属关系”，用of。答案：b5(2012北京高考)do you think this shirt is too tight _ the shoulders?aat boncto dacross解析：考查介词。句意：你觉得这件衬衣的肩部是不是太紧了？across表示“从一边到另一边”，符合句意。答案：d介词短语辨析考查介词短语辨析，往往要借助具体语境，另外，还要掌握常用的介词短语及其意义。1与介词in搭配的常用短语in a way在某种程度上in no way 没门in the way 挡住道路in vain 徒劳in general 通常，大体上in detail 详细地in turn 轮流in return 作为回报2与out of搭配的常用短语out of date/time 过时/过期out of question 毫无疑问out of the question 没门/绝不可能out of shape 变形out of fashion 不流行out of order 出了故障out of balance 失去平衡3“in名词of”常用搭配in honor of 为纪念in charge of 负责，掌管in terms of 依据，根据in praise of 赞扬in favor of 支持，赞同in need of 需要4与介词at连用的常用短语at no time 决不at a time 一次/每次at one time 一度/曾经at times 不时地/有时at ones request 应某人的要求at a loss 不知所措at ones invitation 应的邀请at all costs 不惜一切代价at ease 放松，不拘束wed better discuss everything in detail before we work out the plan.(2011江苏高考)在我们制订计划之前我们最好先详细讨论事情的各个方面。an excellent teacher is believed to be one who devotes himself to the children but asks for nothing in return.人们相信一名优秀的教师是把全部身心投入到孩子身上并且不求回报的人。 (2012湖北高考)the furniture, with its modern style and bright colors, suits modern houses and their gardens, but looks _ in the garden of a traditional home.aout of question bout of ordercout of sight dout of place解析：考查介词短语辨析。句意：这套家具款式新潮，色泽明丽，与新式房屋和花园配套，但看起来与传统的房子和花园不相称。d项意为“不合适的；不相称的”，符合句意。a项意为“毫无疑问”；b项意为“次序颠倒”；c项意为“看不见”。答案：d课后演练提升.语法与单选1(2013四川六校高三联考)when she was in trouble, i did what i could to help her._ my help, she wrote me a letter of thanks.ain honour ofbin case ofcin terms of din return for解析：考查介词短语。后句句意：为回报我对她的帮助，她给我写了一封感谢信。in return for表示“作为对的报答”，故选d。答案：d2(2013东北三校高三第一次联合模拟)the truth is that _ helping the situation, youve just made it worse.afar from bout ofcdue to dnext to解析：考查介词短语辨析。far from的意思是“远非，几乎相反”，符合句意“事实是，你所做的对当前情形毫无帮助，反而把事情弄得更糟”。答案：a3(2012河北普通高中模拟)how did she lose so much weight as expected?_ eating less, she jogged for several miles every day.ain spite of bin addition tocinstead of dthanks to解析：考查介词短语辨析。in spite of表示“尽管”；in addition to表示“除外，还”；instead of表示“相反，代替”；thanks to表示“由于，幸亏”。答语表示“除了吃得少外，她每天还慢跑几英里”。答案：b4(2013浙江六校联考)dora has some shortcomings but _ she seems like an intelligent, likable person.aon the contrary bup to nowcin return for don the whole解析：考查介词短语辨析。句意：dora有一些缺点，但是从整体上来看，她似乎是个既聪明又讨人喜欢的人。on the contrary“相反”；up to now“到目前为止”；in return for“作为对的回报”；on the whole“从整体上看，总的来说”。答案：d5(2012江西重点中学盟校高三第一次联考)its important that we should show consideration for others if we are to live _ them in social life.ain connection with bin touch withcin contrast with din harmony with解析：考查介词短语辨析。句意：在社交生活中，如果我们想与他人和睦相处，就应该为他人着想这一点很重要。由句意可知，选in harmony with，表示“与和睦相处”。答案：d6(2012南京高三第二次模拟)the magician, liu qian, picked several people _ from the audience and asked them to help him with the performance.aby accident bin vaincat random don average解析：考查介词短语辨析。句意：魔术师刘谦随意从观众中挑选几个人帮助他表演魔术。by accident“偶然”；in vain“徒劳地”；at random“随意地”；on average“平均来看”。答案：c7(2013江西九所中学高三联考)how much did he charge you _ the service?luckily, its _ nothing.afor; of bfor; forcfor; / dof; /解析：考查介词。第一个空charge .for .表示“(向)收费，开价”；第二个空for nothing表示“免费”。故选b项。答案：b8(2013南昌一模)our english teacher always creates a relaxed atmosphere to keep us _ when we make a speech or have a discussion.aat a loss bat all costscat ease dat will解析：考查介词短语辨析。at a loss“不知所措”；at all costs“不惜任何代价”；at ease“不拘束，放松”；at will“随心所欲，任意”。句意：当我们演讲或者讨论时，我们的英语老师总能创造一种让我们不拘束的轻松氛围。答案：c9(2012安徽七校联考)owing to heavy traffic jams, many people would like to choose the train _ driving.ain preference to bin addition tocas with das well as解析：考查介词短语辨析。句意：由于交通堵塞，很多人宁愿选择坐火车出行也不愿开车。in preference to表示“而不是”。后三项分别表示“此外”“与一样”“以及”，都不符合句意。答案：a10(2013石家庄质检)currently, some overseas universities are simply selling diplomas to chinese students _ their academic performance, so china should check on a regular basis.aon account of bin addition tocregardless of din relation to解析：考查介词短语辨析。句意：目前有些国外的大学只是向中国学生卖文凭，而不顾他们的学术水平如何，因此中国必须定期对此进行检查。这里用regardless of表示“不管，不顾”。a项“因为”；b项“除了(以外)还”；d项“关于”。答案：c11(2013北京朝阳一模)we must read between the lines, and sometimes _ the lines, to fully understand the writer.awithin bamongcbesides dbeyond解析：句意：为了充分理解作者的意图，我们必须读懂字里行间的意思，有时需要读懂言外之意。beyond“超越，除了以外”；within“在之间”；among“在中内”；besides“此外，除了以外(还有)”。答案：d12(2013山东青岛一模)nowadays more people are advised to arrange for insurance _ they need medical care.ain order bin needcin case din hope解析：句意：近来越来越多的人被劝说买保险，以备以后的医疗之需。in order“按顺序”；in need“需要”；in case“以防，以免，在情况下”；in hope“希望”。答案：c13(2013湖北孝感第一次统考)what did he say_ his stupid behavior?he admitted having made a serious mistake.ain explanation of bin favor ofcin case of din fear of解析：句意：“他对他愚蠢的行为作何解释？”“他承认自己犯了一个严重的错误。”从对话的语境看，这里应用in explanation of，表示“作为解释”。in favor of“赞成，青睐”；in case of“如果，假使”；in fear of“害怕，担心”。答案：a14(2013山西四校联考)the manager refused to have his daughter in his department _ showing favor to her.ain need of bbecause ofcfor fear of dregardless of解析：句意：经理拒绝让他的女儿进入他的部门，唯恐对她表现出偏爱。in need of“需要”；because of“因为”；regardless of“不管”，都与句意不符。答案：c15(2013天津十二区县联考)this football player was accused of taking money for not scoring goals _.aby chance bon endcin turn don purpose解析：句意：这名足球运动员被指控拿了钱故意不进球。on purpose“故意地”，符合句意。by chance“偶然地”；on end“连续地”；in turn“依次，反过来”。答案：d.语法与阅读用所学语法知识破译下列长难句1(2012浙江高考阅读c)given that this is the case, why arent students taught to manage conflict the way they are taught to solve math problems, drive cars, or stay physically fit?结构分析本句中given为介词，表示“考虑到，鉴于”，相当于considering。they are taught to solve math problems, drive cars, or stay physically fit 为定语从句，修