倒装句例句精讲及练习.doc

倒装句例句精讲及练习一.概念:英语句子通常有两种语序:一种主语在前,谓语在后,称为自然语序,另一种谓语在前,主语在后,称为倒装语序。二.相关知识点精讲按“主语+ 谓语” 这种顺序排列的句子是陈述语序。如果排列顺序变为“谓语（ 或谓语一部分）+主语”，就是倒装。倒装句分为：完全倒装： 整个谓语移至主语前面叫完全倒装。部分倒装： 只把助动词、系动词或情态动词放在主语之前叫部分倒装。1. 当以there, here, out , in , up , down, away 等副词开头的句子，为了起到强调的作用，可构成倒装句，只把副词放在句首，主语和谓语位置调换，不加助动词。Our teacher came in.In came our teacher.这种倒装要求：主语必须是名词。主语是人称代词时，主语和谓语语序不变。Here it is.Away he went.这类倒装句式一般只用一般现在时和一般过去时。Here comes the bus.Out rushed the boys.2. how, then, just, often 表示时间的副词放在句首，可构成倒装句，只把副词放在句首，主语和谓语位置调换，不加助动词。Then came 8 years of the Anti Japanese War.3. 表地点状语的介词短语放在句首，要用倒装句式，以示强调。这种倒装句也是主谓直接调换位置，不加助动词did, does或do.Under a big tree _, half asleep.A. did sat a fat man B. a fat man satC. did a fat man sat D. sat a fat man4. there放在句首时，要用倒装句式。在“there + be”结构中的谓语动词有时不用be , 而用表示类似“存在”观念的其他不及物动词。如：live, stand, come, lie, flow, enter, rise 和appear等。There came shouts for help from the river.There lies a large wheat field in front of the house.Many years ago there lived an old man in the wooden house.In front of the tower flews a stream.5. so + 动词+主语neither/ nor + 动词+主语表示两人的同样一个情况时，只能表示一件事，即上、下句所使用的动词、时态要一致。否则要用so it is withYou can ride a bike. So can I .He has been to Beijing. So have I .The first one isnt good, neither is the second.His uncle is a worker and has been working in the factory for more than ten years. So it is with his aunt.6. so+形容词/副词that 的结构状语从句可以用正常语序表示，也可以把so+形容词/副词放于句首构成倒装。句型如下： so +形容词/副词+be/助动词/情态动词that +从句。Light travels so fast that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed.= So fast does light travel that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed.So easy was the work that they finished it in a few days.7. done做形容词在句中做表语时，常把表语放在句首，要用倒装句式。Gone forever are the days when the Chinese people had to use foreign oil.8. 否定副词not , never, seldom, nowhere, little , rarely 放于句首时要用倒装句式。We seldom get up at four in the morning.= Seldom do we get up at four in the morning.Not a single word from him could the enemy drag.Rarely have I heard of such a silly thing.9. hardlywhen; scarcelywhen; no soonerthan 可以用正常语序 had hardly done when did 或用倒装句式Hardly had + 主语+ done when did 句式。hardly所在的句子用过去完成时。The bell hardly had rung when the class began.= Hardly had the bell rung when the class began.No sooner had he arrived in Beijing than he began to work.10. not only but also 如连接两个成分时，不用倒装；连接句子时， 前面的句子要用倒装。Not only was everything that he had taken away from him, but also his German citizenship.Not only is he busy, but also I have a lot of work to do.Not only does he speak English very well, but also he speaks French well.11. only 及所修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句放在句首时，要用：only+ 状语+ be /助动词/情态动词+主语及其他Only when he told me the news did I know what had happened.Only in this way can you make progress in your English.12.虚拟语气中的倒装句If I were you, I would take the job. = Were I you, I would take the job.三.巩固练习1._ and caught the mouse.A. Up the cat jumped B. The cat up jumpedC. Up jumped the cat D. Jumped up the cat2._ and the lesson began.A. In came Mr Brown B. Mr Brown in cameC. In came he D. came in Mr Brown3. Over _, dead.A. rolling the goat B. rolled the goatC. did the goat roll D. the goat rolled4.Where is my shirt, mum? _.A. There is it B. There it isC. There is D. Here is it5. Where is your father? Oh, _.A. here he comes B. he here comesC. here does he come D. here comes he6. The door opened and there _.A. enters an old manB. entered an old manC. did an old man enterD. an old man entered7. Now _ your turn to recite the text.A. will come B. comes C. has come D. there is8. Often _ them not to smoke here.A. we advised B. advised meC. did we advise D. had we advised9. _ playing soldiers.A. Inside the room were two boysB. Inside the room two boysC. Were two boys inside the roomD. Inside the room was two boys10. On the wall _ two large portraits.A. are hanging B. hanged C. hang D. hangs11. _ who was wounded in the stomach.A. Among them were a soldier B. Among them was a soldierC. Among them a soldier was D. Among they was a soldier12. Next door to ours _ , who is no less than eighty.A. that lives an old man B. does an old man liveC. lives an old man D. where lives an old man13. She plays the piano very well, _.A. so every one of us does B. every one of us doesC. so does every one of us D. so do every one of us14. You say he works hard, _, and _.A. so he does; so you do B. so he does; so do youC. so does he; so do you D. so does he; so you do15. I thought you women were present at the meeting. _.A. So we were B. So we did C. So were we D. So did we16. I dont think Jack will come today, _.A. nor will Mary B. and Mary doesntC. Mary will either D. or Mary does17. She is fond of cooking, _I.A. so am B. nor am C. neither do D. nor do18. Marx was born in Germany and German was his native language .A. So it was with Engles B. So was it with EnglesC. So was Engles D. So did Engles19. A fish needs water and without water it will die._.A. So does a man B. So will a manC. So it is with a man D. So is it with a man20. So absorbed _ the work that she often forgot to _ her meals.A. had she been in; do B. she was in; makeC. was she in; take D. she had been in ; have21. So loudly _ that every one of the class could hear him.A. did he speak B. did he spoke C. spoke he D. he spoke22. _ his appearance that no one could recognize him.A. Strange so was B. So strange wasC. Was so strange D. So was strange23. Not once _ their plan.A. did they change B. they changedC. changed they D. they did change24. Never _ such a wonderful place as Hangzhou.A. are seeing B. had I seenC. I have seen D. have I seen25. Seldom _ TV during the day.A. they watch B. are they watchingC. have they watched D. do they watch26. Nowhere _ as in my garden.A. the flowers were so beautifulB. were the flowers so beautifulC. so beautiful were the flowersD. so beautiful the flowers were27. Hardly _ his homework when he went out.A. finished he B. he had finishedC. did he finish D. had he finished28. Scarcely _ finished their homework _ I came into the classroom.A. had they; than B. they had; whenC. had they; when D. did they; when29. Not only _ a promise, but also he kept it.A. has he made B. does he makeC. he made D. did he make30. Not until his comrades criticized him _ to admit his mistake.A. had he begun B. began heC. did he begin D. does he begin四.答案15 CABBA 610 BBBDA 1115 BCCBA1620 BAACC 2125 ABADD 2630 BDCDC英语倒装句常见结构及用法作者: admin来源: 网络文章时间: 2016-09-14完全倒装把谓语动词放在主语前面为完全倒装。在高三英语倒装句中，谓语是单个的动词(即没有助动词或情态动词)，其时态为一般现在时或一般过去时。在下列情形中出现完全倒装。部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态动词倒装至主语之前。没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do、does、did，并将其置于主语之前。完全倒装结构及用法一、具有“地点”意义的副词、时间意义的副词，以及能表移动方向的副词放在句首，句子的主语是名词，谓语是连系动词或表示“位置移动”的单个不及物动词时，该动词放在主语前面。如：There goes the bell.注意：当主语是人称代词时，尽管副词在句首，主谓不倒装。如：Out they rushed.二、具有“方位”意义的介词短语或副词短语在句中作状语或表语放在句首，谓语是连系动词be，以及表示“位于、存在”或“位置移动”的单个不及物动词时，该动词放在主语前面。如：Among the hens is a big cock.三、作表语的形容词或分词放在句首时，连系动词放在主语前面英语语法。如：Present at the party were the ladies in the big city.四、全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。全部倒装常见结构有：1) here, there, now, then, thus等副词置于句首, 谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run。There goes the bell.Then came the chairman.Here is your letter.2) 表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首，谓语表示运动的动词。Out rushed a missile from under the bomber.Ahead sat an old woman.注意：上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。Here he comes. Away they went.部分倒装结构及用法把谓语的助动词、情态动词放在主语前面为部分倒装。在下列情形中出现部分倒装。一、把“so . that .”句型中的“so + 形容词 / 副词”部分放在句首时，be动词或助动词放在主语前面。如：So frightened was the girl that she darent move an inch further.二、用so，neither或nor构成的特殊句型，表示另一人或物也具有和前面提到的同样情况时，出现部分倒装。如：Jim asked the question. So did Lily.三、把具有“否定”意义的词语放在句首时，出现部分倒装。如：Never shall I forget your advice.四、注意下面几种情形的倒装：1. “only +状语从句”和“not until + 从句”位于句首时，在主句中进行倒装。如：Not until the child slept did the mother leave the room.2. “not only.but also.”连接两个分句，not only位于句首时，倒装在not only所在分句进行。如：Not only were the children moved but also the adults showed their pity.3. “no sooner.than.”句型中的no sooner位于句首时，倒装在no sooner 主句中进行;“hardly / scarcely.when.”句型中的hardly位于句首时，倒装在hardly / scarcely主句中进行。如：No sooner had I gone in the house than it began to rain.4. 当if引导从句表示虚拟语气时，if可省，再把从句中的were，had或should放在主语前面，形成部分倒装。如：Had we been present, such a thing would not have happened.5. 当as引导让步状语从句时，参照下面的形式进行特殊倒装。如：Proud as these women are, they still look very weak. (作表语的形容词提前)Student as he is, he often works in the factory. (作表语的名词提前，同时省去不定冠词a)Hard as she worked, she couldnt support her family. (修饰谓语动词的副词提前)Try as he would, he might fail again. (带助动词的谓语动词提前)五、部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态动词倒装至主语之前。没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do, does或did，并将其置于主语之前。1)句首为否定或半否定的词语，如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, in no way, not until,not only(but also), hardly/scarcely(when), no sooner( than) 等。Never have I seen such a performance.Nowhere will you find the answer to this question.Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room.Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender.Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her.No sooner had she gone out than a student came to visit her.2) so, either, nor作部分倒装Tom can speak French. So can Jack.If you wont go, neither will I.3) only在句首要倒装的情况Only in this way, can you learn English well.Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting.Only when he is seriously ill, does he ever stay in bed.4) as, though引导的倒装句as / though引导的让步从句必须将表语或状语提前 (形容词, 副词, 分词, 实义动词提前)。Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.Young boy as he is, he knows a lot about basketball teams.Hard as it was, they reached the peak of the mountain.5) 其他部分倒装1)so that 句型中的so 位于句首时，需倒装。So frightened was he that he did not dare to move an inch.2)在某些表示祝愿的句型中：May you all be happy.3)在虚拟语气条件句中从句谓语动词有were, had, should等词，可将if 省略，把 were, had, should 移到主语之前，采取部分倒装。Were I you, I would try it again.常见考法 1. not until 引导时间状语(从句)时的倒装;2. 含so 的句子倒装与不倒装的区别;3. only引导状语或状语从句时的倒装;4. 虚拟条件句省略If时的倒装。误区提醒1) Not until the early years of the 19th century_ what heat isA. man did know B. man knew C. didnt man know D. did man know解析：答案为D.否定词not在句首，要求用部分倒装的句子结构。2) Do you know Tom bought a new car?I dont know, _.A. nor dont I care B. nor do I careC. I dont care, neither D. I dont care also解析：答案为B.句中的nor引出部分倒装结构，表示也不。由 so, neither, nor引导的倒装句，表示前一情况的重复出现。其中, so用于肯定句, 而 neither, nor 用在否定句中。3) - You forgot your purse when you went out. - Good heavens, _ .A. so did I B. so I did C. I did so D. I so did解析：错选A。 本题空处不表跟前面情况一样，只是对上述情况的随声附和，所以不用倒装。正确答案B。4)Only when the war was over _ to hometown.A. did the soldier return B. the soldier returnedC. returned the soldier D. the soldier did return解析：only 引导状语或状语从句时主句要用部分倒装。此题为一般过去时，须在主语前加did, 故正确答案为A。5) _ for the free tickets, I would not have gone to see films so often.A. If it