RHEL6下安装Oracle11g详细图解.doc

1. 使用DVD做yum源1.1. 新建dvd挂载目录rootoracle # mkdir /media/iso1.2. 挂载dvd到指定目录rootoracle # mount /dev/cdrom /media/iso/1.3. 进入yum.repos.d文件夹，rootoracle # cd /etc/yum.repos.d/1.4. 删除原有的repo文件rootoracle yum.repos.d# rm -rf *1.5. 新建使用dvd为源的repo文件rootoracle yum.repos.d# vim iso.repoServername=Serverbaseurl=file:/media/iso/Serverenabled=1gpgcheck=0HighAvailabilityname=HighAvailabilitybaseurl=file:/media/iso/HighAvailabilityenabled=1gpgcheck=0LoadBalancername=LoadBalancerbaseurl=file:/media/iso/LoadBalancerenabled=1gpgcheck=0LoadBalancername=LoadBalancerbaseurl=file:/media/iso/LoadBalancerenabled=1gpgcheck=01.6. 清空原有yum信息rootoracle yum.repos.d# yum clean all1.7. 更新yumrootoracle yum.repos.d# yum update2. 安装依赖软件包2.1. 配置好yum源后，使用root用户安装软件包rootoracle # cd /media/iso/Packages/rootoracle Packages# yum install binutils-2.* compat-libstdc+-33* elfutils-libelf-0.* elfutils-libelf-devel-* gcc-4.* gcc-c+-4.* glibc-2.* glibc-common-2.* glibc-devel-2.* glibc-headers-2.* ksh-2* libaio-0.* libaio-devel-0.* libgcc-4.* libstdc+-4.* libstdc+-devel-4.* make-3.* sysstat-7.* unixODBC-2.* unixODBC-devel-2.* pdksh*这些依赖包必须要安装，因为版本不同，在oracle安装时会提示缺少依赖包，忽略后可以正常安装使用Oracle。3. 修改内核参数3.1. 修改内核参数rootoracle #vim /etc/sysctl.conf kernel.shmmni = 4096kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128fs.file-max = 6815744net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500net.core.rmem_default = 4194304net.core.wmem_default = 262144net.core.rmem_max = 4194304net.core.wmem_max = 1048576fs.aio-max-nr = 10485763.2. 使内核参数实时生效rootoracle # sysctl -p4. 新建用户和组rootoracle # groupadd oinstallrootoracle # groupadd dbarootoracle # useradd -g oinstall -G dba -m oraclerootoracle # passwd oracle5. 为oracle用户设置Shell限制5.1. 修改/etc/security/limits.conf，加入rootoracle # vim /etc/security/limits.conforacle soft nproc 2047oracle hard nproc 16384oracle soft nofile 1024oracle hard nofile 655365.2. 修改/etc/pam.d/login，加入rootoracle # vim /etc/pam.d/loginsession required pam_limits.so5.3. 修改/etc/profile，加入rootoracle # vim /etc/profileif $USER = oracle ; then if $SHELL = /bin/ksh ; then ulimit -p 16384 ulimit -n 65536 else ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536 fi umask 022 fi6. 新建安装目录6.1. 新建目录rootoracle # mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle6.2. 设置目录所有权rootoracle #chown oracle:oinstall /u01/app6.3. 设置目录权限rootoracle # chmod -R 775 /u01/app7. 准备oracle安装文件修改/etc/hosts文件rootoracle #vim/etc/hostslocalhost.localdomainlocalhost:1oracle注意将主机名对应到真实ip地址，否则oracle有可能将监听程序仅仅建立在上解压oracle安装文件包rootoracle u01# unzip /media/linux.x64_11gR2_/linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip & unzip /media/linux.x64_11gR2_/linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip切换到oracle用户，图形界面登录，执行oracle安装文件oracleoracle $ cd /u01/database/oracleoracle database$ ./runInstaller可选择仅仅安装软件或者同时创建数据库选择server版本选择单实例数据库高级安装添加简体中文支持企业版安装数据库安装目录数据名及服务名自动内存管理及其他设置启用oracle企业管理控制台OEM选择文件系统自动备份设置数据库用户名密码设置系统中的oracle产品用户及组设置预安装检查，错误可忽略（软件版本问题，但必须确认软件包已安装）安装完成后根据提示用root身份执行两个sh脚本rootoracle # cd /u01/app/oraInventory/rootoracle oraInventory# ./orainstRoot.shrootoracle oraInventory# cd /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/rootoracle dbhome_1# ./root.sh8. 让oracle和oem随机启动8.1. 修改/etc/oratabrootoracle #vim /etc/orataborcl:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1:Y(N改为Y)8.2. 修改$ORACLE_HOME/BIN/dbstart和$ORACLE_HOME/BIN/dbshutrootoracle #vim /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/dbstartrootoracle #vim /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/dbshutORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$ORACLE_HOME （$1改为$ORACLE_HOME）8.3. 建立启动脚本rootoracle #vim /etc/rc.d/init.d/oracle#!/bin/bash # chkconfig: 2345 99 10 # description: Startup Script for oracle Databases # /etc/rc.d/init.d/oracleexport ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle/export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1exportORACLE_SID=orclexport PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bincase $1 instart)echo -startup oracle- /var/log/racle11logsu oracle -c $ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbstartsu oracle -c $ORACLE_HOME/bin/emctl start dbconsoletouch /var/lock/subsys/oracleecho -startup oracle successful- /var/log/oraclelogecho OK ;stop)echo -shutdwn oracle- /var/log/oraclelogsu oracle -c $ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbshutsu oracle -c $ORACLE_HOME/bin/emctl stop dbconsolerm -f /var/lock/subsys/oracleecho -shutdown oracle successful- /var/log/oraclelogecho OK ;*)echo Usage: basename $0 start|stop exit 1esacexit 08.4. 给脚本设置权限rootoracle #chmod 755 /etc/rc.d/init.d/oracle8.5. 建立服务rootoracle #chkconfig -add oraclerootoracle#chkconfig oracle on如下：启动监听程序：lsnrctl start启动OEM：emctl start dbconsole附：下面是一些你可能用的到的东西。1使用系统镜像，搭建本地yum源,即使以后能用上CentOS 6.0（不知道还要等多久！），我觉得还是优先用系统镜像。rootlocalhost #mount -o loop rhel-server-6.0-x86_64-dvd.iso /mediarootlocalhost #vi /etc/yum.repos.d/localyum.repo输入如下：basename=localyumbaseurl=file:/media/Serverenabled=1gpgcheck=1gpgkey=file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release保存退出。刷新yum缓存，我比较喜欢刷新两次。rootlocalhost # yum makecacheLoaded plugins: refresh-packagekitbase | 3.7 kB 00:00 .base/filelists_db | 3.6 MB 00:00 .base/primary_db | 2.9 MB 00:00 .base/other_db | 1.3 MB 00:00 .base/group_gz | 191 kB 00:00 .Metadata Cache Createdrootlocalhost # yum makecacheLoaded plugins: refresh