【步步高】高考英语总复习 Unit 8 Adventure同步导学 北师大版必修3(1).doc

【步步高】2015届高考英语总复习 unit 8 adventure同步导学 北师大版必修3.重点单词识记1adventure /dvent/ n奇遇，冒险经历2extra /ekstr/ adj.特别的；额外的3optional /pnl/ adj.可选择的，非强制的4extreme /ikstrim/ adj.极度的，极端的5exactly /izktli/ adv.确切地，精确地6quantity /kwntiti/ n数(量)7function /fkn/ vi.运转；发挥作用8observe /bzv/ vt.观察，观测9shelter /elt/ n遮蔽，庇护所10presenter /prizent/ n节目主持人present vt.赠送；提供(节目)，上演，播放； 阐述11major /meid/ adj.较重要的；较严重的；n.专业课majority n大多数，多半12organisation /naizein/ n团队，组织，机构organise vt.组织13uncomfortable /nkmftbl/ adj.不舒服的，不自在的comfortable adj.舒服的，自在的14accommodation /kmdein/ n住所，处所accommodate vt.能容纳；(宾馆等)能供(客人等)留宿15differ /dif/ vi.不同于，有区别difference n区别16anxious /ks/ adj.忧虑的，担心的anxiety n忧虑，担心17similarity /similriti/ n相似性，类似性similar adj.相似的，类似的18excitement /iksaitmnt/ n兴奋，激动excited adj.激动的，兴奋的exciting adj.令人兴奋的19various /veris/ adj.各种各样的，不同的variety n不同，种类vary vi.有不同，呈差异20equipment /ikwipmnt/ n设备，配备equip vt.装备，配备21preference /prefrns/ n较喜欢的东西，偏爱prefer vt.更加喜欢22confuse /knfjuz/ vt.使困惑confused adj.感到困惑的confusing adj.令人迷惑的23wealthy /weli/ adj.富有的，富裕的wealth n富有，财富24statement /steitmnt/ n陈述state vt.陈述，表达25preparation /preprein/ n准备 prepared adj.有准备的，准备好了的prepare vt.&vi.准备，为准备26ambition /mbin/ n志向，抱负ambitious adj.有野心的，雄心勃勃的27hopeless /hpls/ adj.没有希望的hopeful adj.有希望的28cheerful /tifl/ adj.愉快的，高兴的cheer vi.欢呼，使振奋29distant /distnt/ adj.远处的；久远的distance n远处；久远；距离30patience /peins/ n耐心patient adj.耐心的31disadvantage /disdvntid/ n不利，不利条件advantage n优势，有利条件32limit /limit/ n边界，限度limited adj.有限的.重点短语识记1take off起飞2right now就在此刻3in order to do sth.目的是，以便4turn up出现，到场；把(声音)调大5back out决定不履行(承诺的事)6get across使理解(某事)7break out(坏事)突然发生，爆发8o prison把关进监狱9stand by坚持(某种说法)10on ones way在途中11break down(机器等)出故障；身体出毛病，垮掉12run out of用完， 耗尽13carry on继续做某事.经典原句默写与背诵1the food cooking on the fire smells great and while you are having a hot cup of tea，you relax and watch the sun go down.烧烤的食物闻起来很香，在喝着一杯热茶的同时，得到放松观看落日。2hiking trips can be uncomfortable and even dangerous.徒步旅行有时可能不舒服甚至危险。3.many of them thought that marcos stories about china were too fantastic to be true.很多人认为马可波罗讲述的有关中国的故事太奇异以致于不可信。4he had teams of dogs pulling the sledges and all his men were on skis.他让一群狗拉着雪橇而他的所有队员都在滑雪板上。1his patience (耐心) was worn out by all these troubles.2we are making preparations (准备) for the coming examination.3i have been class monitor since i came to our college，which brought me a strong ability of organisation (组织)4second，the science major (专业) can help me achieve my childhood dream of becoming a scientist.5society cannot function (运转) a single day without the “dull and boring” jobs.6take some time and observe (观察) how you value yourself and what you do.7after he completed each article he experienced no excitement (兴奋) and no happiness.1 differ from不同于；和不同differ in在方面不同make a difference有差别，有影响tell the difference between a and b 分清a和bbe different from.in.在方面与不同the story he told the police differed from the one he told his mother.他在警方和母亲那里说辞不一。the two leaders have differed on the issue of sanctions.两位领导人在制裁问题上存在意见分歧。夯实基础语法填空(1)humans differ from other animals in their ability to speak.(2)foreign auto makers differ in their response to the slowdown.(3)what you have told me may make a difference to my own position.(4)although they differ in character with each other，it does not make much difference to their friendship.2 be anxious about sth.为某事忧虑，担心be anxious for sth.渴望某事be anxious to do.渴望做；急于做with anxiety焦虑地i was told the learning center provides help for students and im anxious to get help from you.我被告知学习中心给学生提供帮助，现在我急于获得你们的帮助。(2011新课标全国书面表达)he is very anxious about the results of the exam.他很担心考试的结果。夯实基础(1)语法填空im anxious for mothers return.i am very anxious about my sons health.he was waiting with anxiety.(2)the parents will be anxious (会担心) unless they know that their children are safe and sound.3 a variety ofvarieties of种种的；各种各样的vary from.to.由到不等vary with随变化vary in在方面变化there are a variety of books for us to choose from，like history books，science books，literary books and so on.有各种各样的书供我们选择，像历史书、科幻书、文学书等等。(2012江西书面表达)特别提醒(1)a variety of/varieties of后接可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。(2)the variety of复数名词，意为“的品种”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。夯实基础(1)语法填空teaching methods vary greatly from school to school.and the answer must vary with these presumed circumstances.the goods in the supermarket vary in size，color and price.(2)opinions vary from person to person (观点因人而异) on whether the children use mobile phones in school.4 equip v.配备；装备；使有所准备；使有能力equip.with.用装备equip sb.for (doing) sth.使某人为(做)某事而准备equip sb.to do sth.使某人能够做某事be equipped to do sth.使某人有准备做某事a piece of equipment一件设备owners of restaurants would have to equip them to admit disabled people.餐厅老板将必须在餐厅里配备能够接纳残疾人的设施。a basic twohour first aid course would equip you to deal with any of these incidents.两小时的基础急救课程能够让你有能力处理这类事件。夯实基础(1)语法填空they equipped themselves with a pair of sharp axes and set off for the forest.she was fully equipped for the climbing.(2)your education will equip you to earn a good living (过上富裕的生活)work hard from now on.5 confuse.with/and.把和混淆be/get confused with/about对感到困惑be confusing令人困惑的in confusion处于混乱状态i cant see how anyone could confuse you with another!我不明白怎么会有人把你和另外一个人搞混！things were happening too quickly and brian was confused.事情发生得太快，把布赖恩给弄糊涂了。夯实基础(1)用confuse的适当形式填空great care is taken to avoid confusing the two types of projects.we felt confused with the difficult question.the uncertainty created by this situation must have caused you much confusion.(2)what he said confused me (他的言论让我迷惑) and i was at a loss.6 in quantity大量quantities of名词复数谓语动词 许多a quantity of复数名词复数谓语动词/不可数名词单数谓语动词 大量quantities of food and tents were sent to ya an from shandong.大量的食品和帐篷从山东运到了雅安。my brother bought a large quantity of books.我弟弟买了大量的书。夯实基础(1)its a lot cheaper if you buy it in quantity(大量)(2)there are large quantities of(大量的) rain in this area.(3)large quantities of information，as well as some timely help have been offered (被提供) since the organization was built.7 achieve ones aim达到目的；实现目标with the aim of以期，意在take aim at把目标对准without aim漫无目的地be aimed at目的是；旨在aim to do.目的要做the programme is aimed at teenage audience.这个节目针对的是十几岁的观众。its important that you should have some sort of a goal to aim for.有一个为之奋斗的目标是很重要的。图解助记夯实基础(1)she went to london with the aim of finding a job(以期望找到一份工作)(2)to talk without thinking is to shoot without aim(漫无目的地射击)(3)the education program aimed at (旨在) combining brain work with manual labor is being widely spread throughout the country.8 observe sb.do/doing sth.观察某人做过/正在做某事make an observation of对进行观察observe the customs遵守习俗his neighbour observed a stranger go (going ) to his house.他的邻居注意到一个陌生人进了他的房子。american forces are observing christmas quietly.美国部队正在悄悄地庆祝圣诞节。夯实基础(1)用所给词的适当形式填空 when i passed his house，i observed him playing(play) in his yard.he is often observed to cheat(cheat)at cards.(2)though having lived abroad for years，many chinese still observe the traditional customs (仍奉行传统的习俗)9 advantage n.(反义词)有利条件；优势；利益；好处have/gain/win an advantage over占(获得)优势have the advantage of有的优势take advantage of利用to ones advantage/disadvantage对某人有利/不利的是at an advantage/a disadvantage处于有利地位/不利地位i have the language advantages over others.我比其他人占有语言上的优势。 (2010天津书面表达)one major disadvantage of the area is the lack of public transport.这个地区的一大不便之外就是缺少公共交通工具。夯实基础(1)语法填空we gain an advantage over our opponent because of much more resources.they saw a new opportunity and took advantage of it.he knew it was to his advantage to raise the first objection.handsome men are always at an advantage.(2)i hope that full advantage is taken of (充分利用) our library.take/seek shelter from躲避under the shelter of在庇护下give shelter to庇护shelter.from.保护免于although horses do not generally mind the cold，shelter from rain and wind is important.尽管马一般不怕冷，但是一定要有个能遮风挡雨的马棚。the parents sheltered their children from any bad influences.父母保护孩子以免遭受任何坏的影响。夯实基础(1)语法填空they found shelter from the storm in a barn.under the shelter of a tent，a crowd is gathered for a brunch.they sheltered from a downpour under a tree.(2)some parents are just too protective.they want to shelter their kids from (保护他们的孩子们不受的伤害) every kind of danger，real or imagined.there is a limit to.是有限度的limit.to.把限定在之内within the limits of限定在范围之内over/beyond the limit超量，超出限度set a limit on对规定限度the team performed to the limit of its capabilities.这个队已竭尽全力。夯实基础(1)in my opinion，you had better set a limit on(对限定) the expense of your trip.(2)there is a limit to(是有限度的) what one person can tolerate.1he taught me how to get across my idea.2peter liked to see planes take off from the airport.3the aircraft will run out fuel in another hour.4that arrangement differs from the one i had in mind.5the telephone system has broken down.6im sorry ive already taken up so much of your valuable time.7a fund will be set up for the orphans.8we waited for 30 minutes and finally he turned up.1 turn away打发走；禁止入内turn around翻身，转身turn down拒绝；调小turn into变成turn out生产；结果是；证明是；出席，在场turn over移交turn on/off打开/关掉turn to sb.向某人求助as it turned out果然如此take a turn转变；转弯some alla students in school have turned out not to be as successful in society as they were expected.学校里一些优秀学生踏入社会后不像人们预料的那么成功。 (2011陕西书面表达)夯实基础用turn短语的适当形式填空(1)she turned up at the doorstep of my house in cornwall.(2)i would，indeed，turn the evidence over to the police.(3)new technologies have made it possible to turn out new products faster and at a lower cost.(4)dont turn off the computer before closing all programs，or you could have problems.(5)if nothing is done，the ocean will turn into fish desert.2 get across使理解(某事)get away from从脱离；逃脱get away with(做了某事)而不受惩罚；携带跑掉get over克服；恢复get down to开始；着手get sb.down使沮丧；使悲伤get round/around走动；(消息)传开the policeman cant have the thief get away with stealing peoples money.警察不能容忍小偷偷了人们的钱而跑掉。if you cheat in the exam，youll never get away with it.考试作弊必予追究。夯实基础用get短语的适当形式填空(1)news soon got around that he had resigned.(2)have you got over the scare you had yesterday?(3)he sometimes has trouble getting his meaning across in english.(4)she got away from the dog but she had bite marks on her leg.3 break up打碎(separate into pieces)；解散；结束(come to an end)；分手；拆散break off中断,break through突破；冲破break out爆发police were called in to break up the meeting.有人叫来了警察将聚会驱散。sentences can be broken up into clauses.句子可以分成从句。图解助记夯实基础 语法填空(1)his health broke down from the stress of the new job.(2)my girlfriend had broken up with me.(3)it will take ten years to break through the cultural barriers.(4)a fire broke out last night.4 run out结束；用完(主语为物，无被动语态)give out用完；放出(热、光等)；公布(不及物，一般不用于进行时态)use up用完(及物)run away from逃离，躲避so many places of interest does beijing offer that most visitors simply ran out of time before seeing it all.北京提供了如此多的有趣景点以致于大多数游客用光了所有时间也没有看完。our food will soon run out.我们的食物不久就要吃光了。夯实基础(1)同义句改写he ran out of his ink.his ink was run out of.(改为被动句)his ink ran out.(用run out改写句子)(2)ok, ive had enough of it.i give up.you cant run away from (不能逃避) your responsibilities.用适当的关系词填空1this is the very bus that im waiting for.2look out！dont get too close to the house whose roof is under repair.3all the neighbors admire this family，where the parents are treating their child like a friend.4we shouldnt spend our money testing so many people，most of whom are healthy.5after graduation she reached a point in her career where she needed to decide what to do.1 although people enjoyed reading his book，many of them thought that marcos stories about china were too fantastic to be true.虽然人们喜欢读他的书，但是有许多人认为马可波罗写的关于中国的故事太神奇而不可信。(1)too.to.太而不能(2)too.to.与not或never连用时，意为“无论也不过分，越越好”。cannot be too.再也不过分(3)only/just/but too.to.非常去做(too前的only/just/but不仅没有否定意义，反而加重了too的肯定语气)。(4)too ready/easy/eager/willing/anxious/happy.to.句型表示肯定，作“过于、太会”解。(5)too.not to.表示肯定，含义是“非常必定能；太不会不”。thats the new machine whose parts are too small to be seen.那就是那台零部件小得几乎看不见的新机器。ill be only too pleased to be able to do the job for you.我能为您效劳，真是十分高兴。夯实基础翻译句子(1)mary is too wise not to know it.玛丽很聪明，不会不懂的。(2)she is too ready to get angry.她动不动就生气。(3)you cannot be too careful.再小心也不过分。(4)one is never too old to learn.活到老学到老。2 当then，there，up，down，away，off，now，here，in，out等表示方位或位置变化的副词放在句首，且谓语是表示存在的动词(如lie，live，sit，stand)或come，go，rise等动词并且主语是名词时，句子一般要全部倒装，即把谓语动词整个提到主语前。这类句子比自然语序的句子更为生动、形象。但如果主语是代词时，即使把这些词放在句首，也不倒装。now，here goes the story.这个故事是这样的。away flew the bird.那只鸟飞走了。there she goes.她去那儿了。夯实基础单句改错(1)here comes it.here it comes.(2)at the top of the hill the tiny church stood.at the top of the hill stood the tiny church.教材活用根据课文内容完成下面的短文adventure in the himalayas1hiking (hike) trips can be uncomfortable and even dangerous.however，at adventure 2000 people understand the needs of hikers.all the guides have much experience and they know all the 2.best (good) routes and best places to camp.as well as the group guide，all teams have cooks and porters 3.who carry your luggage，which 4.means (mean) that you can 5.simply (simple) enjoy the experience.the people there also think good arrangements are important.in beijing and lhasa,6.they have accommodation in comfortable hotels.7.if you dont want to go straight home after the hiking，you have optional choices.there is a trip to western china 8.or you can spend some time on the coast.there is 9.a class a hikeyou have to be fit.there are walks of six to eight hours most days，10.with a maximum altitude of over 5,545 metres.hikes are between october and may and maximum group size is 15 people.课外拓展阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式atom：hi，you 1.must be the new secretary.welcome，im tom robinson from public relations.lisa：hi，mr.robinson.thanks.my name is lisa johns,2.working(work) in sales now.tom：please call me tom，lisa.lisa：ok，tom.have you 3.worked(work) here long?tom：yes，over twenty years.lisa：wow.that is 4.a long time.do you enjoy 5.working(work) here?tom：well，yes.i suppose i 6.took(take) the job because the money is good.and 7.it is also a good place to work in.but to be honest，8.what i really enjoy is the chance to go abroad.lisa：well，the best thing for me is 9.that i live close to the office.i 10.can go home for lunch and i dont have to worry about the traffic.bone day a father and his rich family took his young son on a trip to the country.the father wanted to show 1.him how poor people could be.they spent a day and a night in the farm of 2.a very poor family.when they got back 3.from their trip，the father asked his son，“how was the trip？”“very good，dad！”“and 4.what did you learn？”the son answered，“i 5.saw (see) that we have a dog at home，and they have four.we have a pool that reaches to the middle of the garden；they have a creek that has no end.we have 6.imported (import) lamps in the garden；they have the stars. 7.our patio extends to the front yard；they have a whole horizon.”when the little boy was finishing，his father was 8.speechless (speech)his son added，“thanks，dad，for showing me how poor we are！”isnt 9.it true that it all depends on the way you look at things？10.if you have love，friends，family，health，good humor and a positive attitude toward life，youve got everything!(一).阅读理解amany years ago，when i was fresh out of school and working in denver，i was driving to my parents home in missouri for christmas.i stopped at a gas station about 50 miles from oklahoma city，where i was planning to stop and visit a friend.while i was standing in line at the cash register(收款台)，i said hello to an older couple who were also paying for gas.i took off，but had gone only a few miles when black smoke poured from the back of my car.i stopped and wondered what i should do.a car stopped behind me.it was the couple i had spoken to at the gas station.they said they would take me to my friends.we chatted on the way into the city，and when i got out of the car，the husband gave me his business card.i wrote him and his wife a thankyou note for helping me.soon afterward，i received a christmas present from them.their note that came with it said that helping me had made their holidays meaningful.years later，i drove to a meeting in a nearby town in the morning.in late afternoon i returned to my car and found that id left the lights on all day，and the battery was dead.then i noticed that the friendly ford dealership(经销商)a shop selling carswas right next door.i walked over and found two salesmen in the showroom.“just how friendly is friendly ford？” i asked and explained my trouble.they quickly drove a pickup truck to my car and started it.they would accept no payment，so when i got home，i wrote them a note to say thanks.i received a letter back from one of the salesmen.no one had ever taken the time to write him and say thank you，and it meant a lot，he said.“thank you”two powerful words.theyre easy to say and mean so much.1we know that the purpose of the author is to express .athanks to others for their helpbthanks to parents for their helpcfriendship to friends for their helpdapologies