山东省济南市高考英语完形填空和阅读理解一轮练习（1）.doc

山东省济南市2016高考英语完形填空和阅读理解一轮练习（1）完形填空。leonardo da vinci began painting the mona lisa in 1503.he was working _1_ a special painting for a church at that time，_2_ the church painting was not _3_ well.an italian businessman asked da vinci to paint a picture of his second _4_ .this is the woman who _5_ be seen in the mona lisa.all in all，the mona lisa is a very good example of da vincis _6_and it satisfied the husband.da vinci used _7_ and light in a clever _8_in the painting.da vinci loved science and _9_.right away a person can see that there is a lot of geometry(几何形状)in the mona lisa.the face of the mona lisa is made of many circles and _10_ shapes like _11_ even.her _12_can be seen as a small part of a large circle.the woman in the _13_ is sitting on a balcony(阳台)，and _14_can be seen behind her.da vinci loved to study rocks，so these can be seen _15_ in his other paintings.the woman is sitting with her knees _16_the side.her head is turned to look out of the painting.her hands are _17_together in front of her.this way of _18_is now used by many _19_when _20_.the mona lisa is a remarkable master.1a.up bincon dabout 答案：c考查固定搭配，work on指从事某一件事。2a.but bthuschowever dso答案：a根据the church painting was not_3_well.可知上下文意义有“转折”关系。3a.doing bgoingcmaking dworking答案：b考查习惯用法。go well表示进展顺利。4a.servant bdaughtercnurse dwife答案：d从后面的the husband中可以得到足够的启示。5a.must bshouldcmight dcan答案：d情态动词can表示“能、会”。6a.works bjobscnovels dphotos答案：aworks意为“作品”。蒙娜丽莎应是达芬奇的“作品”之一。7a.heaviness bblackcdarkness doils答案：c与light相对应的是darkness。8a.way bpicturechand deye答案：a明暗对比是绘画技巧、方法之一。9a.chemistry bmathscgeography dbiology答案：b在其画中大量使用几何形状，说明他喜爱“数学”。10a.square broundclong degg答案：b和circles相当的自然是“round”shapes。11a.balls bstickscvases dboxes答案：a圆形的东西，四个选项中只有balls符合。12a.smile bshoutccry danger答案：a根据常识，b、c、d三项无法用几何图形来表达。13a.church bpaintingcsofa dhouse答案：bthe woman指的就是“画”中的蒙娜丽莎。14a.trees bbuildingscmountains dflowers答案：c由后面的rocks可以联想到mountains。15a.by and by bhere and therecover and over dup and down答案：c在其他的一些画中也能看到rocks，说明rocks“反复地，再三地”出现在他的画中。16a.on bbycto dbeyond答案：cto the side指侧向一边，符合画的意境。17a.caught bheldcsupported dhung答案：b保持身体姿势如何用hold。18a.painting blivingcsmiling dsitting答案：d前面谈的就是蒙娜丽莎的“坐”姿。19a.women bactressescgirls dmodels答案：d仿效这种坐姿的应是艺术“模特”。20a.they are being painted bpaintingcbeing painted dthey have painted答案：a模特应该是在供人们作画时才摆出这种坐姿的。【2015高考复习】阅读理解the interview had been going on for about 20 minutes and everything seems to be going well.then，suddenly，the interviewer asks an unexpected question，“which is more important，law or dove？”job applicants in the west increasingly find themselves asked strange questions like this.and the signs are that this is beginning to happen in china.employers want people skilled，enthusiastic and devoted.so these are the qualities that any reasonably intelligent job applicants will try to show no matter what his or her actual feelings are.in response，employers are increasingly using questions which try and show the applicants true personality.the question in the first paragraph comes from a test called the keirsey personality sorter.it is an attempt to discover how people solve problems，rather than what they know.this is often called an aptitude test (能力倾向测验)according to mark baldwin many job applicants in china are finding this type of questions difficult.when a chinese person fills out an aptitude test he or she will think there is a right answer and they may fail because they try to guess what the examiner wants to see.this is sometimes called the prisoners dilemma.applicants are trying to act cleverly in their own interest.but they fail because they dont understand what the interviewer is looking for.remember that in an aptitude test，the correct answer is always the honest answer.【语篇解读】本文讲述了现代企业招聘面试中的能力倾向测试并为求职者提供了回答此类问题的技巧。1the writer wrote the passage to_.agive you a piece of advice on a job interviewbtell you how to meet a job interviewercdescribe the aptitude test dadvice you how to find a job解析写作目的题。通读全文可知，本文意在为面试者提供建议。答案a2why do the interviewers ask such questions?athey want to discover what the interviewees know.bthey are curious about the answers.cthey try to discover the ability of the interviewees solving problems.dthey just ask questions without thinking much.解析细节理解题。根据第四段中的“it is an attempt to discover how people solve problems，rather than what they know.”可知答案为c项。答案c3according to the writer，in an aptitude test，chinese job applicants should_.anot tell the truthblearn to tell what they really thinkcbe more enthusiasticdtry to find out what the examiner really want to know解析细节理解题。根据最后一段的最后一句“remember that in an aptitude test，the correct answer is always the honest answer.”可知，在能力倾向测验中，求职者应该给出一个诚实的答案。答案b4from the passage we know that_.ajob applicants are always asked such questionsbmore chinese applicants fail to find a jobcapplicants should not act as reasonably as a prisonerdthe aptitude test is becoming popular worldwide解析推理判断题。根据文章第二段的内容可知，西方的求职者们不断发现他们被问到类似这样的奇怪问题，而且有迹象表明这种情况在中国也开始出现。由此可推知d项正确。答案d阅读下列短文，从每题所给的a.b.c和d项中，选出最佳选项。 experts believe that storms and severe weather in north america and asia have disrupted bird flight paths across the world and swept huge numbers of bird species towards the british isles.birds flying to the other side of the atlantic or to the pacific to lay their eggs have been trapped in britain and ireland, adding their numbers to native species, and causing great excitement in the bird-watching community.local birdwatchers have already observed a total of 442 species in the british isles this year. the highest number ever seen in one year is 445, in 2008.“we only need four more to break our record,” said lee evans, who runs the british birding association. “with three months to go im sure well do it.”last month an extremely rare siberian rubythroat bird was seen in scotland, sending hundreds of birdwatchers north in the hope of catching a glimpse of this colourful asian beauty. another very uncommon bird, the bufflehead duck was cited in cornwell and caused similar excitement. “i couldnt believe it,” said evans. “the poor thing was completely knackered. it must have been blown to england by the storms while trying to fly from canada to the southern united states for the winter. thats 3000 miles!”evans said that global warming over the past decade was playing a key role in transforming bird movements across the world. in addition, melting arctic sea ice may also be opening up bird flight paths over the north pole, making it easier for birds from the pacific such as the slaty-backed gull and tufted puffin, both of which appeared in london earlier this year to reach britain.bird-watching is becoming an increasingly popular hobby among all age groups, added evans. “a fifth of our members are under 18. this is a round-the-year hobby that you can enjoy from the kitchen window or from a car. more and more people are bird-watching, and as a result more and more unexpected species are being spotted in the british isles.”1. what is the passage mainly about?a. the results of global warming.b. changes in the british bird population.c. increasing environmental pollution.d. worsening british weather. 2. the underlined word “knackered” is closest in meaning to _. a. bored b. knocked c. spotted d. tired3. how many more bird species are needed to equal the british bird-watching record?a. 3.b. 4.c. 442. d. 445.4. according to the passage, which of the following birds comes from asia? a. slaty-backed gull. b. bufflehead. c. rubythroat. d. tufted puffin.5. which of the following is not mentioned as a possible reason for seeing more bird species in britain?a. an increase in the number of birdwatchers.b. a growth in the number of native species.c. storms due to global warming.d. the melting arctic ice cap.【参考答案】15、bdacb 科普知识型阅读理解last nights meteor(流星)shower left many people in the community dissatisfied and demanding answers.according to gabe rothschild, emerald valleys mayor, people gathered in the suburbs of the city, carrying heavy telescopes, expecting to watch the brightly burning meteors passing through the sky.what they found instead was a sky so brightened by the citys lights that it darkened the light of the meteors passing overhead.“my family was so frustrated，” admitted town resident duane cosby.“we wanted to make this an unforgettable family outing, but it turned out to be a huge disappointment.”astronomersscientists who study stars and planetshave been complaining about this problem for decades.they say that light pollution prevents them from seeing objects in the sky that they could see quite easily in the past.they call on people and the government to take measures to fight against it.there is yet a population besides professional and amateur star observers that suffers even more from light pollution. this population consists of birds, bats, frogs，snakes，etc.for example, outdoor lighting severely affects migrating (迁徙的)birds.according to the international darksky association，“100 million birds a year throughout north america die in crashes with lighted buildings and towers.”countless more animal casualties(伤亡) result from the use of artificial lighting.clearly，people enjoy the benefits of lighting their evenings, but some scientists think it can be harmful for humans，too.they worry that exposure to light while sleeping can increase a persons chances of getting cancer.emerald valley is only one community that is becoming aware of the negative effects of light pollution.for years, flagstaff, arizona, has enforced lighting regulations in its city in order to assist astronomers at the lowell observatory.similar efforts have been made worldwide, and a movement is underway to remind us to turn off lights when we are not using them, so that other creatures can share the night.1it happened last night that _a. the citys lights affected the meteor watchingbthe meteors flew past before being noticedcthe city light show attracted many peopledthe meteor watching ended up a social outing 2what do the astronomers complain about?ameteor showers occur less often than before.btheir observation equipment is in poor repair.clight pollution has remained unsolved for years.dtheir eyesight is failing due to artificial lighting.3what is the author concerned about according to paragraph 4?a. birds may take other migration paths.banimals living habits may change suddenly.cvarieties of animals will become sharply reduced.danimals survival is threatened by outdoor lighting.4lighting regulations in flagstaff, arizona are put into effect to_alessen the chance of getting cancerbcreate an ideal observation condition censure citizens a good sleep at nightdenable all creatures to live in harmony5what message does the author most want to give us?asaving wildlife is saving ourselves. bgreat efforts should be made to save energy.chuman activities should be environmentally friendly. dnew equipment should be introduced for space study.【要点综述】 本文是一篇科普文，主要介绍了城市的光污染对日常生活、天文学家的工作以及动物的生活都产生了消极的影响。在flagstaff，arizona已经采取了灯光管理措施。 1a 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“so brightened by the citys lights that it darkened the light of the meteors passing overhead.”可知，昨天晚上由于城市的灯光太亮，影响了人们观看流星。故选a。2c细节理解题。根据第三段“have been complaining about this problem for decades. they say that light pollution prevents them from”可知，天文学家多年来一直在抱怨光污染问题未解决。故选c。3d推理判断题。根据第四段第一、二句“that suffers even more from light pollution. this population consists of birds, bats, frogs, snakes, etc.”以及本段最后一句“100 million birds a year throughoutdie in crashes with lighted buildings and towers.”可知，作者第四段主要叙述的是动物也受到了光污染的影响，甚至它们的生存也受到了影响。故选d。4b推理判断题。根据第六段第二句“has enforced lighting regulations in its city in order to assist astronomers at”可知，这条规定是为了给天文学家的工作创造理想的观察条件。故选b。5c主旨大意题。根据整篇文章的叙述，作者主要描述了城市的光污染对人们生活、工作以及动物的生存造成的影响，因此作者在文中呼吁我们人类的活动应该对环境有利。故选c。【2015高考】阅读理解when someone meets a stranger with the same hobby，that person immediately becomes a friend.people enjoy the company of others who share a similar interest.often they will form a club and travel great distances to attend meetings where they can talk about their hobbies.other people have such unusual hobbies that no one else can share them.sometimes they try to do something better，faster or longer than anyone else in order to have their names included in the guinness book of world records.a lady in massachusetts may have the worlds easiest hobby：she lets her hair grow.diane witt has not cut her hair for twelve years.it is now eight feet(2.44 meters) long，and she will soon set a new world record and her name will be placed in the guinness book.a thirtyyearold man in pennsylvania played the piano for fortyfive days and eleven hours，while a musician in connecticut played the flute(长笛) for fortythree hours.a teacher in california typed for over 162 hours，and a lady from iowa spent six years typing the numbers from one to one million.probably the cleanest people in the world are two young women from england who stayed in the shower for over ninetyeight hours；but a man in oregon was more than twice as clean after taking a shower that lasted two hundred hours.someone once said that “records are made to be broken”one rec