深圳牛津八年级英语下册巩固讲义.doc

深圳牛津八年级英语下册巩固讲义Chapter 1-2Chapter 1重点单词：1. memory 记忆 2. memorize 记住 v3. mind 大脑 4. topic 主题5. strange 奇怪的 6. injured 受伤的7. imagine 想象 8. death 死亡 die 死 v dead 死的 adj9. end 结尾 10. cost 花费11. repair 修理 12. excuse 借口重点词组get old老了；上年纪了tell a joke讲笑话 play a joke on sb.=make a joke about sb. 开某人的玩笑go wrong出现问题;发生故障 be angry with sb生某人的气 be angry about sthin hospital住院 be good at擅长 = do well inhelp sb with sth在某方面帮助某人 be connected to与有关 hear about听说 hear of / learn aboutthink of想出;想到find out找出;查明 look up查阅 apologize to sb向某人道歉 break down抛锚 pay attention to注意 in order to为了，以便 Chapter 2重点单词Tough 坚强的；坚忍不拔的 adjBad-tempered 坏脾气的adjComic-book 漫画书nPopularity 流行；受欢迎nHistory 历史 nTogether 一起 advShow 上映vSuccess 成功的人或事 nInstead 代替advAround 到处advThough 尽管conjSmell 气味n 闻起来VStorm 暴风雨nLife jacket 救生衣nWave 波浪nOverturn 翻倒v词组1、 be full of =be filled with 充满2、 try to do 尽力做某事 try doing 尝试做某事3、 in the world 在世界上4、 work for 为工作 5、 a man named 一个叫的男人6、 tell sb to do sth 告诉某人做某事 tell told told7、 think of 想出 think about 考虑 think over 考虑8、 get into trouble 陷入麻烦9、 at first 首先10、 a great success 一个大的成功11、 a number of 许多12、 instead of 代替13、 in total 总共14、 laugh at 嘲笑语法If 引导的条件状语从句A: If sentences: actions with definite results. 有必然结果发生的行动 eg: If you go into a clothes shop you find clothes. If you go into a car showroom you see cars. Water turns into ice if you cool it. The wood floats if you put it into water.Conclusion: 1). 如果 if 条件句谈论的是重复发生和预示必定要发生的情景和事件，则主从句大多用一般现在时态。 eg: 如果你将鱼从水中取出来它会死。 2). 在if 条件句中，if 条件从句可以放在前面，也可以放在后面。当if 引导的条件从句放在前面时，后面常用逗号隔开。B: If sentences: actions with possible results. 有可能性结果发生的行动 eg: If you ask him，he will help you 如果你请他帮忙，他会帮你的。 If you fail in the exam，you will let him down 如果你考试不及格，你会让他失望的。 在 if 引导的条件状语从句中，如果从句谈论的是一个有可能发生的事实及其产生的相关的结果，主句用一般将来时态，从句用一般现在时态。 译：如果你早点睡觉，你早上就不会感到很累。 C: unless引导的条件状语从句：unless= if not. conj. 除非, 若不, 除非（否则） e.g.: Lets go out for a walk unless you are too tired. = If you are not too tied, lets go out for a walk. 我们出去散步吧，除非是你太累。Unless it rains, the game will be played. 除非下雨,比赛将照常进行。译：如果你不早点出发,你就不能及时赶到那儿。 我们可以把unless或ifnot 从句放在句子开头或末尾。You will be late for school unless you leave now. = Unless you leave now, you will be late for school. 除非你早点出发，（否则）你上学会迟到。You will be late for school if you dont leave now. =If you dont leave now, you will be late for school. 如果你不早点出发，你上学迟到。 译：除非你关上窗户，否则很多蚊子会进来。（至少两种译法） “if ” 引导的条件状语从句的用法,现在总结一下:1） 引导条件状语从句最常用的连词是if。 if 引导的条件句有真实条件句和非真实 条件句两种（非真实条件句会在以后的虚拟语气中阐述），其引导的真实条件状语从句表示在某种条件下某事很可能发生。2）if 条件句不一般,几个要点记心间; 条件句,放在前,逗号要放句中间。条件句表可能，主句多用将来时；条件句表事实，主句常用现在时。语法形容词1 形容词在修饰someone, something, anyone, anything, nothing等复合不定代词时，形容词需放在复合不定代词后。Attention, please! Ive got something important to tell you all. 大家请注意！我有重要的事情要告诉你们。There you go. Its nothing serious at all. 得了吧，根本没什么严重的事情。2形容词与enough连用，要放在enough前面。 He is old enough to go to school.3. 比较级：原级比较：as+形容词原级+asMary is as tall as her sister.否定：not as/so+形容词原级+as表倍数：倍数+as+形容词原级+as形容词比较级的用法：1） 比较级+than Computers are more expensive than books .2） 比较级前可用“a lot , much ,far, a bit ,a little ,even ”等修饰；John is much stronger than his brother .3） 比较级前可用“数词+名词”构成的短语表示确定的度量；He got to school five minutes earlier than his brother . 4）“the +比较级,the +比较级”表示“越越” The more you have ,the more you want . 5）“比较级+and+比较级”或“more and more +原级”表示越来越 Our city is becoming more and more beautiful . 6) 表示“是两者中更.的一个”，比较级前要用冠词“the” He is the taller of the two boys. 7）Which is + 比较级，A or B ? 哪一个较,A还是B? 形容词最高级的用法：1） 三者及三者以上比较用最高级，最高级常用of, in 或among等短语表示其相比范围，形容词最高级前要加the ;Which is the biggest ,the earth ,the moon or the sun ?2）用比较级代替最高级：“比较级+than+ any other + 可数名词单数”或者“比较级+ than+ the other+可数名词的复数” 例：He is taller than any other boy in their class.=He is taller than the other boys in their class.=He is the tallest boy in their class. 3)表示“其中最的一个”，用“one of +最高级+ 名词复数” 例：China is one of the oldest countries in the world. 4）“the+序数词+最高级”表示“第几个最” 例：China is the third largest country in the world. 5) Which is the + 最高级，A，B，or C?难点4. 连系动词：连系动词常接形容词作表语连系动词分类 （1）. “状态”类：表示存在或具有某种特征或状态，这类连系动词强调“存在”，常见的有：be (是)，keep (保持)，stay (保持)，remain (依然)，seem (似乎是)，appear (似乎，显得)，prove (证明是)，这类词表示具有或保持某种特征或状态。 （2）. “感官”类：主要指与五种感官有关的动词：look (看起来)，sound (听起来)，smell (闻起来)，taste (尝起来)，feel (摸起来感到)。 （3）. “变化”类：表示由一种情况或状态变化成另一种情况或状态，常见的有turn (变成)，grow (变得)，get (变成)，become (变成)，make (使变得,成为) come (变得)，go (变得), fall (进入某状态), run (变成，进入) 例：The cake tastes delicious.Her face turns red.5. 关于形容词的重要句子结构 1. It+ be+ adj+ to do sth. 表示“做某事怎么样” （1）It+ be+ adj.+ for+ sb.+ to do sth. （当形容词表示的是修饰物的，则用介词for）表示“对某人来说，做某事是的” （2）It+ be+ adj.+ of+ sb.+ to do sth. （当形容词表示的是修饰物的人的品质特征，则用介词of）表示“某人做某事是的” 例：It is important to learn English well. It is nice of you to help me. 2. n.+ be + adj. + to do sth. 表示“某事可以怎样做” 例：Kites are easy to make.课堂练习:一、选出与划线单词意思相同或相近的选项1. A strange thing happened this morning when I walked on the street. A. unusual B. fortunate C. good 2. It is sensible of you to take the umbrella. A. funny B. wise C. kind 3. Lucy was reading when I returned home yesterday. A. came back B. left C. came from 4. I wonder where he is going this afternoon. A. think B. hear C. want to know 5. The young man was hurt in the accident. A. dead B. injured C. lost 6. Tom is a tough and honest person. A. weak B. strong C. terrible 7. Linda and I are good friends. We go to school together every day. A. by ourselves B. without anyone C. with each other 8. The dog is lively and it likes to run around. A. up and down B. outside C. here and there 9. My favorite cartoon will be shown at the cinema. A. made B. on screen C. produced10. Though my grandpa is over 70, he sometimes watches cartoons. A. But B. Although C. Because 二 单项选择 ( ) 1 -Your coffee smells _. -Its from Hainan. Would you like _? A. well, itB. nice, thisC. good, some D. wonderful, little ( ) 2. -This dish tastes _. -Thank you. It _ by Mr. Smith.A. good, was cookedB. well, cooks C. bad, is cookedD. terrible, cooked( ) 3. -The teacher looked at her students _ when they were saved. -We also felt _ for them.A. happily, happy B. happy, happilyC. happy, happy D. Happily, happily( ) 4. -The cakes looks _. -Yes, and it tastes even _.A. well, goodB. nice, betterC. good, worseD. better, best( ) 5. Put on the coat and it can keep you _. A. warm B. warmly C. to warm D. warming( )6. -Jim finds _ easy to remember all the English words.-_ a smart child he is! A. it, What B. that, HowC. this, WhatD. it, How( ) 7. _ is helpful_ more exercises. A. That, to do B. It, to do C. It, doing D. It, doing ( ) 8. It is _ to pass the exam if you work hard. A. possible B. hard C. easily D. useless ( ) 9. It is _ important for us to learn English well. A. muchB. tooC. veryD. enough( ) 10. Please keep yourself _,or we will fail. A. wake B. waking C. to wake D. awake 语法练习一按照例句，完成下列句子。Eg: You will fail the exam if you dont work hard. = If you dont work hard, you will fail the exam. = You will fail the exam unless you work hard.= Unless you work hard, you will fail the exam 1）Unless you obey the rules, you will be punished. =_. =_. =_.2) A fish dies if you dont keep it in the water. =_=_=_.3) No body can learn English well, if he doesnt work hard on it. =_.=_.=_.4) Unless you start right now, you will be late for the meeting. =_.=_.=_.二用if 或unless 填空。1. you put wood into water, it floats.2. I sleep with the window open it is really cold.3. You will not improve your skill in a short time you practice playing the violin regularly.4. Ice melts you heat it.5. you boil water, it becomes steam （蒸汽）.6. you dont work hard, you will fail the exam.7. He cant be here on time he gets up early.8. you dont have enough sleep, you will feel tired.9. it is fine tomorrow, I will go fishing with my dad.10. you finish your homework, you will not go out to play.三单项选择。1. You will not remember the facts you understand them well. A. if B. unless C. if not D. because2. Shenzhen a dirty place if we the ground. A. is; litter B. will be; will litter C. is; are littering D. will be; litter3. If you harder, you will fail the exam. A. not work B. work C. dont work D. wont work4. you obey the rules, you will be punished. A. If B. Since C. Because D. Unless5. He cant see the words on the board unless he his glasses. A. wear B. wears C. doesnt wear D. to wear6. If you plant seeds in soil, . A. it grows B. they grow C. you grow D. it will grow7. If you check your timetable every night, it in your mind better. A. will stay B. stay C. stayed D. staying8. What happens If I play sports every day? . A. Your brain cannot think fast B. You remember things better C. You lose some of your brain cells D. You forget things easily9. Is it true that some parts of our brain can grow bigger we use a lot? A. if, it B. unless, it C. if, them D. unless, them10. If your friend tells you a phone number, you probably remember it for a short time. A. will B. will not C. could D. should11. I shall telephone the police and complain about it the noise . A. if, stops B. unless, stops C. if not, stops D. unless, stop12. I sleep with the window open its really cold. A. if B. if not C. unless D. until四根据句意和所给单词补全句子。1. Water (turn) into ice if you cool it.2. If you take some exercise every day, you (become) healthier.3. If your picture (be) colorful, you will remember it well.4. If you (not keep) the meat in the fridge, it will go bad.5. If you dont improve your handwriting, you (lose) marks in the exam.6. If you take a bath after work, you (feel) relaxed（放松的）.7. If I (forget) to take the right books to school, my head teacher will get angry with me.8. The fish will die unless you (put) it in the salt water.9. You (feel) hot unless you turn on the air conditioner.10. A lot of mosquitoes will get in unless you (close) the window.五按要求完成下列句子。翻译下列句子。1. 如果你作业做完了就可以回家了。If you _ _ your homework, you can go home2.长大后我想成为一名教师。I will be a _when I _ _.3. 如果明天不下雨的话，我们将参观公园。We will visit the park _ it _ tomorrow.4. 如果他回来了，请告诉我一声。Please _ me if he _ _. 5. 如果你累了，就好好休息一会儿吧。Have a good rest _you are _. 六. 完型填空There is one language used in all countries in the world. Men, women, and children _1_ it very often. It is everybodys language. It is _2_ to understand, though you cant _3_ it. It is sign language. When you wave to a friend in the street, you are using _4_. When you _5_ your hand in class, you are saying, “Please ask me. I think I know the _6_.” When a policeman wants to _7_cars, buses, he raises his hand. He is using sign language. Churchills famous V _8_ victory is also sign language.Sign language is useful in _9_ places and places of noise. Even when you are _10_ with your friends, you can have a talk under water.( ) 1. A. speak B. talk C. play D. use( ) 2. A. useful B. hard C. easy D. difficult( ) 3. A. hear B. listen C. feel D. say( ) 4. A. sign language B. your voice C. money D. a way( ) 5. A. hurt B. put away C. put up D. clean( ) 6. A. question B. answer C. story D. class( ) 7. A. repair B. stop C. drive D. find( ) 8. A. for B. with C. about D. of( ) 9. A. far B. near C. quiet D. noisy( ) 10. A. sleeping B. talking C. walking D. swimming七、阅读理解Once upon a time, there lived a rich man. He had a servant (仆人). He and the servant loved wine and good food very much. Each time the rich man left his home, the servant would drink the wine and eat up all the nice food in the house. The rich man knew what his servant did, but he had never caught his servant doing that. One morning, when he left home, he said to the servant(仆人), “Here are two bottles of poison (毒药) and some nice food in the house. You must take care of them.” With these words, he went out. But the servant knew that the rich man had said was untrue. After the rich man was away from his home, he enjoyed a nice meal. Because he drank too much, he was drunk and fell to the ground. When the rich man came back, he couldnt find his food and his wine. He became very angry. He woke the servant up. But the servant told his story very well. He said a cat had eaten up everything. He was afraid to be punished, so he drank the poison to kill himself. ( ) 21.In the story, _ liked wine and good food very much. A. the rich man B. the servant C. both A and B D. neither A and B ( ) 22.The rich man knew that it was _ that drank the wine and ate up all the nice food. A. the cat B. himself C. nobody D. the servant ( ) 23.The rich told the servant that there was poison in the two bottles, because _. A. there was in fact poison in the bottles B. did not want the servant to drink his wine C. he wanted to kill the cat D. he wanted to kill the servant ( ) 24.In fact, _ ate all the nice food and drank the wine. A. the servant B. cat C. the rich man D. nobody ( ) 25.From the story, we know that the servant is very _. A. lazy B. bad C. clever D. kind 深圳牛津八年级英语下册巩固讲义Chapter 3-4Chapter 3重点单词：1. Lifeless 无生命的 2. absorb 吸收3. environment 环境 4. act 担当 5. level 水平 6. creat 产生 7. prefer 跟喜欢 8Reach 到达 9. choice 选择 10. solve 解决重点词组1. be in danger 处于危险中 2. be in trouble 处于麻烦中3. ask sb to do 让某人做某事4. keep from doing stop from doing 阻止做某事prevent from doing5. in the form of 以的形式6. cut down 砍下7. for example 例如 举一个详细的例子such as 例如 举多个例子8. throw away 丢掉9. in order to 为了 10. mountains of 许多，大量+不可数名词11. all the way 一路上12. take action to do 采取措施13. take in = absorb 吸收14. be different from 与不同Chapter 4 单词1. organization 组织 organize V2. trip 旅行3. thought 想法 n think v 4. exchange 交换5. confident 自信的 confidence n6. aim 目标7. deeply 深深地8. move 使感动9. government 政府10. improve 提高11. situation 情况12. although 虽然13. scholarship 奖学金14. tour 旅行15. information 信息16