高考英语一轮总复习 第一部分 教材知识梳理 Unit 3 A taste of English humor练习 新人教版必修4.doc

unit 3a taste of english humor (60分钟81分)part a一、阅读理解(共8小题;每小题2分,满分16分)aa new study has shown that the more power and money some people have,the less they care about others.paul piff works in the psychology department at the university of california at berkeley.he wanted to test his observations that people with more money or higher social position behave rudely,and that their behavior shows less concern for the feelings of others.in order to find out how different levels of privilege and different levels of wealth between people in everyday life shape how they behave toward others and how they see the world,paul piff designed an experiment to study the behavior of strangers who were meeting for the first time.during these meetings,volunteers who had described themselves as wealthier did not seem interested in getting to know the other person.people who had identified themselves as not wealthy were more likely to listen to and look at the stranger.they laughed more.they seemed to enjoy the get-together.working with other berkeley researchers,paul piff designed more than thirty experiments to study how wealth and social position affect behavior.one experiment studied the actions of drivers on a busy street.the researchers found that people driving expensive cars were less likely to stop for people trying to walk across the street.these drivers ignored traffic laws more often than drivers of older or less costly cars.mr piff says this field of social science helps in understanding the causes of corruption among the powerful.besides,mr piff stresses that their findings correspond to those of other studies.he says the research suggests that for many people power and money can have a corrupting influence on social behavior.he is concerned that as wealth inequality increases in society,there is a strong pressure for people who care about fairness and equality to break their own rules of good behavior.1.what probably leads to paul piffs study?a.the task given to him by the psychology department.b.the daily behavior of rich people in public places.c.the actions of some wealthy drivers on a busy street.d.the results of other studies done by other scientists.2.paul piffs research on the behavior of strangers suggests that .a.wealthy people are more generous than less wealthy onesb.less wealthy people are more impolite than wealthy onesc.less wealthy people are more easy-going than wealthy onesd.wealthy people are more easy-going than less wealthy ones3.it can be inferred from the passage that .a.less wealthy people will not follow the examples of wealthy peopleb.people have a tendency to become equally rich as society developsc.being wealthy and enjoying privilege have both advantages and disadvantagesd.some leaders become corrupt because of wealth and privilege4.what can be the best title for the passage?a.wealth and power affect your attitude for othersb.wealth and power inequality breeds corruptionc.why wealthy people behave impolitelyd.who are more likely to be impolite【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。研究表明财富和权力会影响人们对他人的态度。财富越多和权力越大的人,越不关心别人的感受。1.b推理判断题。根据第二段第二句“he wanted to test his observations that people with more money or social position behave rudely,and that their behavior shows less concern for the feelings of others.”以及下文的实验可知,富人在公共场合的日常行为可能是导致paul piff进行研究的原因。故选b项。2.c推理判断题。根据第三段最后三句可推断,不富有的人比富有的人更随和。故选c项。3.d推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“he says the research suggests that for many people power and money can have a corrupting influence on social behavior.”可推断,一些人由于拥有财富和特权会变得腐败。故选d项。4.a标题归纳题。纵观全文,本文主要介绍一项研究结果:财富和权力会影响人们对他人的态度。故选a项。ba woman was in a hurry to go to the airport.she told the cab driver to drive quickly.she was so absorbed in her own thoughts that she was not aware they were going by a different route.suddenly,a man got inside the cab.he took her handbag where she had placed her visa,passport,and all her money for the trip.the driver,who was in cahoots with the robber,left her in the middle of that dark street.she cursed the world for being so mean to her,and thought how unlucky she was in that situation.that very same night,she heard some shocking news.tears flowed down her face.flight 230,which was the plane that she was supposed to have boarded,had crashed.if she had not lost her precious belongings,she could have lost something far more importanther life.sometimes bad things really happen.there are times when nothing seems to go our way.so what should we do about it?we must get rid of all these frustrations and start all over again in the faith that we will get what we deserve.dont waste your time and energy on things that cant be changed.continuous worrying will only affect your health and youll be doing much more damage than what was previously done.what if it was the other way round?what if we never ran out of good luck?there was a man who won the lottery.he became greedy and wasted all his money on everything he could get his hands on.but when he one day made it to the front page of the newspaper again,it was a different story.he had been killed because of his riches.if you attain good luck,you can never be too secure about it.life is so unpredictable.you never know what will happen next.live one day at a time.we sometimes subject ourselves to unnecessary emotional trouble.live for the moment.do what must be done for the present and the future will turn out just fine.believe me.and believe in yourself.as captain planet always says,“the power is yours!”1.the underlined phrase “in cahoots with” in paragraph 3 probably means “”.a.forced byb.fighting bravely withc.in cooperation withd.trying to beg2.from the passage,we learn that .a.the woman was lucky to miss her flightb.some people just never run out of good luckc.robbers will get what they deserved.if you feel yourself lucky,you will continue to be so3.according to the passage,what attitude should we adopt towards life?a.dont waste your time and energy because time is limited.b.theres no need to worry or get frustrated.just believe in yourself.c.even when everything seems to be going well,we should keep fully alert.d.worrying about what you dont have means you miss out on opportunities for other things.4.the two stories are intended to tell us .a.fortune only favors the prepared mindb.gains and losses go hand in handc.misfortune might be a blessingd.we should save up for a rainy day【文章大意】本文为夹叙夹议文,作者通过讲述两个福祸相依的故事告诉我们:不要把时间和精力浪费在不可能改变的事情上,珍惜眼前的一切,过好每一天。相信自己,未来一定会更加美好。1.c词义推测题。由第一段最后一句可知,司机带着这位女士走了不同的路;由第二段可知,一个歹徒进入出租车抢了这位女士的手提包;由第三段第一句可知,司机把这位女士留在了黑暗的大街中央。由此推知,司机和歹徒很可能是事先串通好共同作案的。故c项正确。2.a推理判断题。根据第四段内容可知,这位女士原本打算乘坐的航班出了事故,所以这次抢劫虽使她的贵重物品被抢劫一空,但是却挽救了她的生命,由此可推知她是很幸运的。故a项正确。3.b推理判断题。根据第五段第四句“we must get rid of all these frustrations.”以及最后一段可知,没有必要为已发生的事情担忧和沮丧,要相信自己,做好眼前的事情,未来一定会很美好。故b项正确。4.c目的意图题。本文主要通过两个故事告诉我们,祸兮福之所倚,福兮祸之所伏。故c项正确。二、语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)nowadays,more and more schools in china have rules making students wear school uniforms to school.a lot of chinese students complain about 1.(wear) their school uniforms every day.but 2. american students get annoyed about their uniforms,too?american high schools usually have a dress code,3. is about requirements for students dressing.boys at school must wear clean jackets every day.girls are 4.(luck) than boys.they have more flexible 5.(choose) than boys.they can either dress similarly to the boys 6. wear a dress.in general,it takes a student 10-15 minutes every morning 7.(dress) up for class.as students do in china,plenty of american students also have their complaints about school uniforms.what if students really dislike the dress code and want to get rid of it?instead of getting punished,8.(actual) therere ways to do that.at my school,“dress down” tickets 9.(sell) on school days.if students are willing to buy a ticket,they dont need to wear school uniforms the following day.i have a strong 10.(believe) that one day chinese students can buy these tickets,too.(2015山东菏泽一模)1.wearing。about是介词,在介词后面要用动名词形式。2.do。本句是问句,需借助助动词构成一般疑问句,因为主语是复数,所以用do。3.which。此处引导非限制性定语从句,指代a dress code,因此用which引导。4.luckier。此空作表语,应用形容词,又因为than前要用比较级形式,故填luckier。5.choices。此空作宾语,且被形容词flexible修饰,故用名词形式choice,根据句意可知,此处指更多的选择,故用复数形式。6.or。either.or.是固定结构,表示“或者或者”。7.to dress。句型it takes sb.some time to do sth.表示“花费某人一些时间做某事”。8.actually。修饰整个句子要用副词。9.are sold。名词tickets与动词sell是动宾关系,应该用被动语态,且这里陈述客观事实,应用一般现在时,主语为复数名词,故用are sold。10.belief。不定冠词a 和形容词strong后面跟名词,动词believe的名词形式是belief“信仰”。part b一、完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)christmas was always an amazing time in my home when i was growing up.my parents were not rich,but they were always 1 when it came to giving us presents.every year,they 2 a christmas eve party and gave all the kids in the neighborhood presents 3.one year when i was eight years old,i was hoping that i would 4 a bike for christmas.i made it clear in every way i knew to my 5,and left hints all over the place.on the christmas morning,all the kids received present after present.6 we got to the end of presents,i was very 7.there was no bike for me.i cried,“is that all?” the moment i 8 it,i knew i had made a big 9.after my parents worked so hard,10 could i complain that i did not receive a bike when i had received so many other things?my father 11 and went outside.he came back wheeling the bicycle that they had been 12 to give me after all the other presents were 13.at that time,i felt even 14 than before.how could i ever enjoy after that?my parents 15 me to think about how i felt the moment i had 16 received the bike.they told me to remember that 17 so that i would never repeat that mistake and feel that way again.in the four years after that,at the 18 of all the presents given,my father 19 ask me what i had to say to everyone.it had become a family 20.i would always say,“is that all?”but what really meant was “thank you so much”.and everyone knew that.(2015四川德阳一模)1.a.hesitantb.generousc.nervousd.popular2.a.leftb.visitedc.attendedd.held3.a.as wellb.after allc.in factd.at all4.a.displayb.ridec.getd.buy5.a.parentsb.motherc.neighbord.father6.a.sinceb.whenc.thoughd.because7.a.angryb.anxiousc.disappointedd.excited8.a.mentionedb.heardc.saidd.saw9.a.remarkb.mistakec.noised.mess10.a.howb.whyc.whend.where11.a.sighedb.gave inc.shoutedd.got up12.a.expectingb.planningc.waitingd.longing13.a.goneb.takenc.sentd.distributed14.a.happierb.coolerc.worsed.sadder15.a.urgedb.toldc.forcedd.advised16.a.actuallyb.suddenlyc.happilyd.immediately17.a.presentb.momentc.complaintd.feeling18.a.startb.mentionc.endd.sight19.a.wouldb.shouldc.mightd.must20.a.customb.traditionc.joked.story【文章大意】文章讲述了“我”的父母通过为“我”准备圣诞礼物来教育“我”,使“我”从中获益匪浅。1.b根据上文的“my parents were not rich,but”以及下文的“to giving us presents”可知,父母虽不富裕,却还是会给我们圣诞礼物。由此说明父母在给圣诞礼物这件事上总是很慷慨。2.d此处意为“每年父母都会举办平安夜晚会”。3.a这里的“gave all the kids in the neighborhood presents”与前文的“giving us presents”相对应,故选择a项。4.c根据下文“there was no bike for me.i cried.”可知“我”希望得到一辆自行车。5.a根据上文中的“my parents.giving us presents.”可知,每年都是父母给我们圣诞礼物,所以“我”是向父母表明自己的想法。6.b根据下一句“there was no bike for me.”可知,此时到了分发礼物的尾声,表时间,故用when。since“自从(也表时间,但主句通常用完成时)”;though“虽然”;because“因为”。7.c根据上文中的“left hints all over the place”和下文中的“there was no bike for me.”可知,看到没有自行车,“我”的心情自然是非常失望的。angry“愤怒的”;anxious“焦急的”;disappointed“失望的”;excited“兴奋的”。8.c分析句子结构及语境可知,此处后面的代词it代指前面“我”所说的话“is that all?”,故c项符合语境。9.b根据下一句“after my parents worked so hard,10 could i complain that i did not receive a bike when i had received so many other things?”可知,“我”心中是非常自责的,自然认为说出那样的话是一种错误。10.a根据上题解析可知,此处意为“我怎么能够抱怨”,故选择a项。11.d根据空后的went out side可知,父亲是起身然后往外走。sigh“叹息”;give in“放弃”;shout“呼喊”;get up“起来”。12.b根据前面的既成事实“he came back wheeling the bicycle”并结合此句的时态(过去完成时)可判断,这是父母一直打算要在所有礼物发完之后给“我”的。expect“期望(强调意愿)”;plan“打算,计划(强调主动性)”;wait“等待”;long“期望(强调意愿)”。13.d根据上文中的“on the christmas morning,all the kids received present after present.”可判断,父母准备了礼物分发给孩子们。14.a心仪的礼物在失望之际出现在眼前,这比以前顺利收到其他礼物时的感觉更加幸福。15.d对孩子及其他人那么慷慨随和的父母,此时应该是和声细语地建议孩子回顾之前的经历,以期引导孩子以正确的心态面对以后人生道路上的境遇。urge“敦促”;tell“告诉”;force“强迫,促使”;advise“建议”。16.b根据上文“there was no bike for me.i cried,is that all?”及“my father 11 and went outside.he came back wheeling the bicycle”可判断,“我”是在没有思想准备的情况下收到自行车的,故选择b项。17.d上文“how i felt”有提示。18.bat the mention of为固定搭配,意为“一提及就,在提到时”。19.awould可以表示过去经常性的行为或动作,译为“常常,总是”,此处意为“在那之后的四年里,每次圣诞礼物分发完时父亲总是让我发言”。20.c句子的主语it代指上句中的what,即下文中的“is that all?”,这是一句玩笑话。下文“but what really meant was thank you so much.and everyone knew that.”也说明了这一点。二、七选五阅读填空(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)we all face quantities of stresses in day-to-day living,whether at work,in the home,or anywhere in between.1 heres how stress can help us on an everyday basis.sharpening your memory.did you ever notice that sometimes when you are stressed,your memory seems to improve?remember that test you passed where the answers seemed to come out of nowhere?2 its because of stress hormones(荷尔蒙)that increase your alertness when its most needed.3successful employees turn stress into motivation.have you ever noticed that you get the least amount of work done when you have the fewest deadlines?too little stress can affect how much you actually get done.when you take risks and choose to get over the difficulty,it improves your mental toughness and self-confidence.helping you resist the attack of illness.4 believe it or not,the right kind of stress can help your bodys defenses against illness.when you get sick,stress causes you to make hormones that battle threats to your health.that burst of stress is helpful to your immune system when your body faces a threat.making your life more interesting.think about some stressful situations that we consciously put ourselves in to make life more interesting and enjoyable,like asking someone out on a first date,conquering a known fear,or learning something new.these may not immediately come to mind when you think of stress because of the positive outcomes.5(2015河北石家庄一模)a.helping you get an advantage at work.b.helping you get through difficult times.c.this will happen whenever you are stressed.d.thats one way your brain responds to stress.e.you need a healthy immune system to help fight off diseases.f.but theyre the types that can help you achieve fulfillment and happiness.g.but handled properly,str