单选题解题技巧.doc

高考英语单选题解题诀窍摘要：文章从点面上介绍了英语单选题解题的技巧，分析了如何更好地帮助学生有效地提高解题的速度及准确率。关键词：单选题；解题诀窍；解题速度 近几年来，高考英语单选题设题较灵活，主要突出了能力的考查，其特点是语言真实，不会单纯考查语法知识。因此，许多学生在做此项内容时感觉容易失分，这就要求学生不但要有扎实的语法功底，积累丰富的词汇用法，而且更应具备在特定的语言环境中综合运用语言的能力。涉及到能力的考查，我们的学生或许会认为很抽象，其实掌握了一定的解题诀窍，就能化抽象为具体，化复杂为容易。下面是有经验的老师在教学中积累一些窍门，以帮助学生提高单选题的解题速度和准确率。一、 学会审题，注意把握问题的着重点仔细审题是解题的最基本要求，疏忽大意很容易造成误选。-What happened to the priceless works of art?- _.A. They were destroyed in the earthquake B. The earthquake was destroying themC. They destroyed in the earthquakeD. The earthquake destroyed them 析：此题问题的着重点是“艺术品怎么啦”而不是针对“地震”而言，因此，最佳选项应为A。二、结合上下语境，推出正确答案此类题多为截取的生活场景，句式灵活，用词地道，表现出用语言来解决实际生活的问题，因此，不能死套语法框框，而应重在对语境的理解和把握，进行具体情况具体分析，选出符合逻辑行文的正确选项。例：1. -You seem to have lost your way. _?-Yes, Im looking for Wangfujing Street.A. Are you looking for something B. Where are you goingC. Need help D.What are you looking for析：根据上下语境的线索推测出问话人“询问对方是否需要帮忙”，因此答案应为C。2We havet enough books for_ ; some of you will have to share.A. somebody B. anyone C. everybody D. nobody析：根据下文“some of you will have to share”可判断出“书籍不够每人一本”, 因此正确选项为C。 三、抓住关键词，打开解题的切入点很多情况下，题干上会有一个关键词的提示，只要快速锁定该词，不但能找准答案，而且还能节省宝贵的时间，提高解题速度。1Years ago, we didnt know this, but recent science_ that people who dont sleep well soon get ill.A. showed B. has shown C. will show D.is showing析：根据关键词“recent”判断正确答案为B。2The group, _ by Tseng Yungchuan, arrived in Beijing on Wednesday to help push for Taiwan to be opened to mainland tourists.A. leads B. leading C. led D. having led 析：根据关键词“by”判断，正确答案为C。四、关注标点符号能快速锁定最佳选项 英语的标点符号常常是我们借以判断最佳选项的重要信号，因此，我们在审题时要特别注意它的功能，不同的标点有不同的作用。1、- _ a second time , will the man have one more try ?- Im sure he will.A. Turn down B. If turning down C. He was turned down D. If turned down析：根据逗号 “，”的功能判断，逗号的前部分要么是从句要么是非谓语动词（短语）或独立主格，此空应用被动结构，所以答案选D。2. _ some exercise every day Im sure youll get fit sooner or later.A. To take B. Taking C. Have taken D. Take 析：破折号“”相当于“and”，前后结构应保持平衡，因此答案为D。 五、巧妙运用“排除法”，既方便又快捷 有时四个选项中一眼扫过去，会发现有三个是不可能的，这时采用“排除法”是最明智不过的。With a lot of difficult problems _, the newly-elected president is having a hard time.A. settled B settling C. to settle D. being settled析：既然“新总统现在的日子不好过”；“许多问题需要去解决”即发生在将来应用不定式，排除其余选项，正确答案为C。六、采用“还原法”，再现庐山真面目有些句子设题上具有一定的隐蔽性和迷惑性，原因是它已改变了原先的句式或省去了一些内容，使我们从表面上不容易辨别出其句型结构，增加了理解的难度。这时巧妙使用“还原法”能大大降低句子的难度，使人豁然开朗，茅塞顿开。1、The more he thought about it, the more questions he thought of_.A. to be asked B. being asked C. asking D. to ask析：此题用介词“of”设陷阱，受定势影响会误选 -ing形式，但若能把后面部分还原为“he thought of more questions to ask”, 就能断出正确答案为D。2. -Can I help you ? -Yes, please. Do you have any books on cooking? -There are only a few, _.A. if any B. if have C. if some D. if do析：最后一句为省略句，补充完整为“, if there are any.”， 得知正确答案为A。七、去掉插入语，化繁为简有时设题特意加上插入语，使句型显得繁杂，这时只要去掉插入语，题干就简单明了，一目了然了。-Is that the small town you often refer to?-Right, just the one_ you know I used to work for years.A. that B. which C. where D. what析：去掉插入语“you know”就知道答案为C。八、以逻辑为主线，敲定答案留意非谓语动词与句子主语的逻辑联系能迅速圈定答案，如下题正确答案应为C。While watching television, _.A. the doorbell rang B. a black cat suddenly ran inC. we heard the doorbell ring D. an unexpected visitor came to visit me九、通过对比关系，锁定目标句中如含有though although but however while等表示对比关系的词时，我们就可根据前后的关系确定正答案。1. They wanted to charge 5000 for the car, but we _to bring the price down.A. tried B. managed C. failed D. had 析：根据转折关系得知“设法做成了”，故选B。2.-I think George doest really care for TV plays.-Right, _ he still watches the program.A. and B but C. or D. so析：通过前后内容对比，“不喜欢看电视剧”与“仍然”是转折关系，故用but.十、掌握固定句型，许多问题可迎刃而解鼓励学生自己归纳在学习中常见的一些固定句式，这对于提高单选题的准确率及书面表达的规范性都有好处。如，“祈使句 +andor + Sb. will ”; “It +be +some time +before ”；“It wasnt untilthat”等。The flu is believed_ by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat.A. causing B. being caused C. to be caused D. to have