高考英语阅读理解抓分精品训练（32）.doc

2014高考英语阅读理解抓分精品训练（32）及答案 阅读理解阅读下列材料，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出最佳选项。a cosmo books ltd., 14, woodman road, hertford estate, two bridges, rickmansworth, west sussex. middx. 25th februarydear sir,just over six months ago, i saw an advertisement in the morning mail for a set of the complete works of william shakespeare. your company, cosmo books ltd., offered this set ( eight books of plays and two books of poetry) at what was claimed to be a remarkable price: fifteen pounds and fifty pence, including postage and packing. i had wanted a set of shakespeares plays and poems for some time, and these books, in red imitation leather, looked particularly attractive; so i sent for them.two weeks later, the books arrived, together with a set of the complete works of charles dickens which i had not ordered. so i returned the dickens books to you, with a cheque for fifteen pounds and fifty pence for the works of shakespeare. two more weeks passed. then there arrived on my door step a second set of the works of shakespeare, the same set of novels by dickens and a six book set of the plays of moliere, in french. since i do not read french, these were of no use to me at all. however, i could not afford to post all these books back to you, so i wrote to you at the end of august of last year, instructing you to come and collect all the books that i did not want, and asking you not to send any other books until further notice.you did not reply to that letter. instead you sent me a bill for forty two pounds , and a set of the plays of schiller, in german. since then, a new set of books has arrived every two weeks, the works of goethe, the poems of milton, the plays of strindberg; i hardly know what i have. the books are still all in their boxes, in the garage, and my car has to stand in the rain outside.i have no room for any more books, and even if i read from now until the last judgement, i should not finish reading all the books that you have sent me.please send no more books, send no more bills, send no more angry letters demanding payment. just send one large lorry and take all the books away, leaving me only with the one set of the complete works of shakespeare for which i have paid. yours faithfully, simon walker1. simon walker wrote the letter to _ a. complain about sending him books he had not ordered. b. urge cosmo books ltd. to take away the books he had not ordered. c. laugh at cosmo books ltd. d. advise readers not to order books from cosmo books ltd.2. the advertisement that mr. walker saw in the morning mail was for _ a. unlimited number of cosmo books. b. a set of 10 books of the works of shakespeare. c. a book containing all the plays and poems of shakespeare. d. fifteen pounds and fifty pence.3. mr. walker answered the advertisement because _ a. he wanted a set of shakespeares works, and this set was cheap, and looked attractive. b. he claimed that the books were being offered at a remarkable price. c. he had ordered the set and had been waiting for them to come for some time. d. the set he already had was not particularly attractive.4. cosmo books have _ a. sent bills for books that they have not sent. b. continued to send books that mr. walker did not order. c. still not sent mr. walker the books that he ordered. d. made a gift to mr. walker of several sets of books.5. the tone of the letter is that of _ a. bitterness b. respect c. annoyance d. humor参考答案bbabc c72013天津卷 cpoet william stafford once said that we are defined more by the detours(绕行路) in life than by the narrow road toward goals.i like this image.but it was quite by accident that i discovered the deep meaning of his words.for years we made the long drive from our home in seattle to my parents home in boise in nine hours.we traveled the way most people do: the fastest, shortest, easiest road, especially when i was alone with four noisy, restless kids who hate confinement(限制) and have strong opinions about everything.road trips felt risky，so i would drive fast, stopping only when i had to.we would stick to the freeways and arrive tired.but then banner, our lamb was born.he was rejected by his mama days before our planned trip to boise.i had two choices: leave banner with my husband, or take him with me.my husband made the decision for me.that is how i found myself on the road with four kids, a baby lamb and nothing but my everlasting optimism to see me through.we took the country roads out of necessity.we had to stop every hour, let banner shake out his legs and feed him.the kids chased him and one another.theyd get back in the car breathless and energized, smelling fresh from the cold air.we explored side roads, catching grasshoppers in waisthigh grass.even if we simply looked out of the car windows at baby pigs following their mother, or fish leaping out of the water, it was better than the best ride down the freeway.here was life.and new horizons(见识)we eventually arrived at my parents doorstep astonishingly fresh and full of stories.i grew brave with the trip back home and creative with my disciplining technique.on an empty section of road, everyone started quarreling.i stopped the car, ordered all kids out and told them to meet me up ahead.i parked my car half a mile away and read my book in sweet silence.some road trips are by necessity fast and straight.but that trip with banner opened our eyes to a world available to anyone adventurous enough to wander around and made me realize that a detour may uncover the best part of journeyand the best part of yourself.46why did the author use to take freeways to her parents home?ait was less tiring.bit would be faster and safer.cher kids would feel less confined.dshe felt better with other drivers nearby.47the author stopped regularly on the country roads to _arelax in the fresh airbtake a deep breathctake care of the lambdlet the kids play with banner48what does the author discover from the trip according to paragraph 6?afreeways are where beauty hides.bgetting close to nature adds to the joy of life.cenjoying the beauty of nature benefits ones health.done should follow side roads to watch wild animals.49why did the author ask the kids to get out of the car on their way back home?ato give herself some time to read.bto order some food for them.cto play a game with them.dto let them cool down.50what could be the best title for the passage?acharm of the detourbthe road to braveryccreativity out of necessitydroad trip and country life【要点综述】 本文是一篇记叙文。主要通过作者的经历向读者解释了一个生活哲理：在实现目标的过程中通常我们要多绕一些路。在路上比我们直接到达目的地要收获更多的东西。46b细节理解题。根据第二段“we traveled the way most people do: the fastest, shortest, easiest road, especially when i was alone with four noisy”可知作者在回父母家的路上，为了早点到达而选择了高速，而一个女性单独带着四个孩子走高速也是为了安全。故选b。47c细节理解题。根据第五段第三句“we had to stop every hour, let banner shake out his legs and feed him.”可知，作者停下来是为了照顾小羊羔banner。故选c。48b推理判断题。根据作者在第六段的描述可知，作者沿着乡村小路走时，接近自然，既欣赏了美丽的景色，也为自己的旅程增加了快乐。故选b。49d细节理解题。根据第八段“everyone started quarrelingordered all kids out and told them to meet me up ahead.”可知，孩子们在车上争吵起来，作者命令他们下车，走着去前面找作者。这样做的目的是让孩子们冷静下来。故选d。50a主旨大意题。作者在第一段借著名诗人william stafford的话来揭示本文的主题：the detour。再根据下文的描述，展示了作者在乡村的路上获得的快乐，由此可知本文的题目既要有detour又要有与joy相关的词汇，选项a正好符合。it is pretty much a one-way street. while it may be common for university researchers to try their luck in the commercial world, there is very little traffic in the opposite direction. pay has always been the biggest deterrent, as people with families often feel they cannot afford the drop in salary when moving to a university job. for some industrial scientists, however, the attractions of academia (学术界) outweigh any financial considerations.helen lee took a 70% cut in salary when she moved from a senior post in abbott laboratories to a medical department at the university of cambridge. her main reason for returning to academia mid-career was to take advantage of the greater freedom to choose research questions. some areas of inquiry have few prospects of a commercial return, and lees is one of them.the impact of a salary cut is probably less severe for a scientist in the early stages of a career. guy grant, now a research associate at the unilever centre for molecular informatics at the university of cambridge, spent two years working for a pharmaceutical (制药的) company before returning to university as a post-doctoral researcher. he took a 30% salary cut but felt it worthwhile for the greater intellectual（知识的） opportunities.higher up the ladder, where a pay cut is usually more significant, the demand for scientists with a wealth of experience in industry is forcing universities to make the transition (转换) to academia more attractive, according to lee. industrial scientists tend to receive training that academics do not, such as how to build a multidisciplinary team, manage budgets and negotiate contracts. they are also well placed to bring something extra to the teaching side of an academic role that will help students get a job when they graduate, says lee, perhaps experience in manufacturing practice or product development. “only a small number of undergraduates will continue in an academic career. so someone leaving university who already has the skills needed to work in an industrial lab has far more potential in the job market than someone who has spent all their time on a narrow research project.”6.by “a one-way street” (line 1, para. 1), the author means _.a. university researchers know little about the commercial worldb. there is little exchange between industry and academiac. few industrial scientists would quit to work in a universityd. few university professors are willing to do industrial research7. the word “deterrent” (line 2, para. 1) most probably refers to something that _.a. keeps someone from taking actionb. helps to move the traffic c. attracts peoples attentiond. brings someone a financial burden8. what was helen lees major consideration when she changed her job in the middle of her career?a. flexible work hours. b. her research interests. c. her preference for the lifestyle on campus.d. prospects of academic accomplishments.9. guy grant chose to work as a researcher at cambridge in order to _.a .do financially more rewarding workb .raise his status in the academic worldc. enrich his experience in medical researchd. exploit better intellectual opportunities10. what contribution can industrial scientists make when they come to teach in a university?a. increase its graduates competitiveness in the job market.b. develop its students potential in research.c. help it to obtain financial support from industry.d. gear its research towards practical applications.参考答案cabda cbeing sociable looks like a good way to add years to your life. relationships with family, friends, neighbours, even pets, will all do the trick, but the biggest longevity (长寿) boost seems to come from marriage or an equivalent relationship. the effect was first noted in 1858 by william farr, who wrote that widows (寡妇)and widowers were at a much higher risk of dying than their married peers. studies since then suggest that marriage could add as much as seven years to a mans life and two to a womans. the effect holds for all causes of death, whether illness, accident or self-harm.even if the odds are stacked against you, marriage can more than compensate. linda waite of the university of chicago has found that a married older man with heart disease can expect to live nearly four years longer than an unmarried man with a healthy heart. likewise, a married man who smokes more than a pack a day is likely to live as long as a divorced man who doesnt smoke. theres a flip side, however, as partners are more likely to become ill or die in the couple of years following their spouses death, and caring for a spouse with mental disorder can leave you with some of the same severe problems. even so, the odds favour marriage. in a 30-year study of more than 10,000 people, nicholas christakis of harvard medical school describes how all kinds of social networks have similar effects.so how does it work? the effects are complex, affected by socio-economic factors, health-service provision, emotional support and other more physiological (生理的) mechanisms. for example, social contact can boost development of the brain and immune system, leading to better health and less chance of depression later in life. people in supportive relationships may handle stress better. then there are the psychological benefits of a supportive partner.a life partner, children and good friends are all recommended if you aim to live to 100. the ultimate social network is still being mapped out, but christakis says: “people are interconnected, so their health is interconnected.”11. william farrs study and other studies show that _.a .social life provides an effective cure for illnessb. being sociable helps improve ones quality of lifec. women benefit more than men from marriaged. marriage contributes a great deal to longevity12. linda waites studies support the idea that _.a. older men should quit smoking to stay healthyb. marriage can help make up for ill healthc. the married are happier than the unmarriedd. unmarried people are likely to suffer in later life13. it can be inferred from the context that the “flip side” (line 4, para. 2) refers to _.a. the disadvantages of being marriedb. the emotional problems arising from marriagec. the responsibility of taking care of ones familyd. the consequence of a broken marriage14. what does the author say about social networks?a. they have effects similar to those of a marriage.b. they help develop peoples community spirit.c. they provide timely support for those in need.d. they help relieve people of their lifes burdens.15. what can be inferred from the last paragraph?a. its important that we develop a social network when young.b. to stay healthy, one should have a proper social network.c. getting a divorce means risking a reduced life span.d. we should share our social networks with each other参考答案dbaab c72013天津卷 dwhen asked about happiness, we usually think of something extraordinary, an absolute delight, which seems to get rarer the older we get.for kids, happiness has a magical quality.their delight at winning a race or getting a new bike is unreserved(毫无掩饰的)in the teenage years the concept of happiness changes.suddenly its conditional on such things as excitement, love and popularity.i can still recall the excitement of being invited to dance with the most attractive boy at the school party.in adulthood the things that bring deep joylove, marriage, birthalso bring responsibility and the risk of loss.for adults, happiness is complicated(复杂的)my definition of happiness is “the capacity for enjoyment”the more we can enjoy what we have, the happier we are.its easy to overlook the pleasure we get from the company of friends, the freedom to live where we please, and even good health.i experienced my little moments of pleasure yesterday.first i was overjoyed when i shut the last lunchbox and had the house to myself.then i spent an uninterrupted morning writing, which i love.when the kids and my husband came home, i enjoyed their noise after the quiet of the day.psychologists tell us that to be happy we need a mix of enjoyable leisure time and satisfying work.i dont think that my grandmother, who raised 14 children, had much of either.she did have a network of close friends and family, and maybe this is what satisfied her.we, however, with so many choices and such pressure to succeed in every area, have turned happiness into one more thing weve got to have.were so selfconscious about our “right” to it that its making us miserable.so we chase it and equal it with wealth and success, without noticing that the people who have those things arent necessarily happier.happiness isnt about what happens to usits about how we see what happens to