山东省茌平县博平镇中学九年级英语《常用句型大盘点》教案 人教新目标版.doc

山东省茌平县博平镇中学九年级英语常用句型大盘点教案 人教新目标版1. “there + be +某人或某物（作主语）+某时或某地（作状语）”是常见的表示存在的句型，意思是“某时（某地）有某人（某物）”。be与后面的主语在人称和数上保持一致，若主语是由两个或两个以上的名词构成，be 一般与临近的词语保持一致。there is a pen and two pencils in the pencil case.there are fifty students and a teacher in the classroom.2. 否定的一般疑问句一般由“动词或助动词的否定缩略式+主语+？”组成。其语气较强，带有强烈的否定、不满意、惊奇等感情色彩，回答时虽然也用yes,但是意思与汉语恰好相反，yes译作“不”；no译作“是”、“对”。arent you a student? yes, i am. (no, im not) 难道你不是学生吗？不，我是。（对，我不是。）例题：yao ming isnt a basketball player, is he? _.a. no, he isnt b. no, he is c. yes, he isnt d. yes, he is 答案：d.选项b. c.要首先排除，yes和,no不管译成汉语是什么， yes后的英语应用肯定形式，no, 后的英语应用否定形式。题干的意思：“姚明不是篮球运动员，对吗？不，他是。”3. 主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语 直接宾语和间接宾语又叫双宾语。直接宾语指物，间接宾语指人。二者没有逻辑的主谓关系。要求跟双宾语的动词可分为三类：（1） 第一类以give为代表，其句型为：give sb sth =give sth to sb例如：he gave me a book = he gave a book to me适合此结构的动词有：give ,show ,send , bring , pass , hand , lend , write , tell , write , tell , teach , return , wish , pay , allow , offer , promise , throw等（2） 第二类以buy为代表，其句型为： buy sb sth = buy sth for sb 例如：her mother bought her a dictionary = her mother bought a dictionary for her.适合此结构的动词有：buy , do , make , find , fetch , get , order , sing , spare等注意：有些动词的间接宾语前既可加to, 又可加for,但意思不同。例如：she wrote me a letter = she wrote a letter to me 她写了封信给我she wrote a letter for me 她替我写了封信。（3） 第三类以ask / answer为代表，其句型为：ask sb sth (双宾语的位置一般不变)she asked her teacher a question.4. “its time to do sth / its time for +n. / its time that-从句（谓语动词用过去式或should +动词原形）意思是：到了干某事的时候了。例如：(1) its time to go and play games (2) its time for class. (3) its time that we went home.5. here , there开头的句子，主语若为名词则要用倒装结构，即 “here / there + 动词 +名词主语”; 若主语是代词则不倒装。例如：(1) here are my clothes (2) here they are. 6. whats wrong / the trouble / the matter (with sb /sth) ?常用于某人处于某一困境或有什么麻烦时，表示关心、愿意给予帮助，意思是“怎么啦？出了什么事？”若问具体的人、物出了什么毛病，则用 “whats wrong with sb / sth? 例如： whats wrong with your bike? its broken. whats the matter with you ? i have a bad cold.7 . what do you think of? / how do you like? 常用来询问对某人或某一事物的看法、感受、印象如何。例如： what do you think of joan ? she is very pretty. how do you like the film ? its very interesting.8.“so +助动词（be动词/情态动词）+主语”这一结构常用来说明前面所说的情况也同样适用于后面的人或物，意为“某人（物）也一样。”该结构中的助动词（be动词/情态动词）必须与前句的谓语动词以及后句的主语的人称和数保持一致，时态与前句保持一致。 you like english. so do i.= you like english. i like english, too.=both you and i like english =you and i both like english.注意：若前面的句子是否定形式，就用“neither /nor +助动词（be动词 / 情态动词）+主语”he didnt go there yesterday. neither / nor did i (she / we)9. 在动词think, believe, expect, suppose, guess, hope, be afraid等后可以用so来代替后者避免重复前者所说的话。例如：do you think tom will come this afternoon? i think / hope / believe so. are we late ? im afraid so.在否定句中，think, believe 可以有两种形式（1）i dont think / believe so. (2)i think /believe not.而hope, be afraid 只能采用第二种形式。例如：do you think the bus will arrive here on time? i dont think so / i think not.do you think well have bad weather? i hope not.(不说i dont hope so.)are we on time? im afraid not.(不说im not afraid so.)注意：动词think, believe, expect, suppose,imagine等后面跟宾语从句且主语是第一人称i /we时，变否定句常否定主句不否定从句，变反意疑问句，简略问句的主语、谓语要与宾语从句中的主语、谓语相一致。例如：i dont think mary is coming tomorrow , is she?we dont expect you will agree with us, will you?10 在动词think ,find , feel等之后如果要接不定式作宾语，而宾语又带有一个形容词或名词作宾语补足语时，常用it作形式宾语，而将不定式放在补足语之后。即“find/feel/think+it（形式宾语）+形容词或名词（补足语）+不定式（真正的宾语）”句型。如：i feel it my duty to help you.i found it difficult to study maths .11.“祈使句+or陈述句”在意义上相当于if引导含有否定意义的条件状语从句，即ifnot。如：lets move that stone, or there may be an accident. (= if we dont move that bag, there may be an accident.)put on more clothes , or you will catch a cold. (= if you dont put on more clothes , you will catch a cold. )若将or换成and ，则其意义相当于if引导的含有肯定意义的条件状语从句。如：take more exercise and you will feel health. ( = if you take more exercise, you will feel health.)12. 在含有do you think的特殊疑问句中， do you think要置于疑问词之后，形成“疑问词（主语）+do you think+谓语？”结构。如：who do you think he is ?who do you think told me so ? when do you think the meeting will begin?where do you think they have gone?13. it is said that意为“据说”，it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的that所引导的名词性从句，相当于people /they say that，其中it is said并不是有被动意义。类似的结构还有：it is report that it is believed/supposed thatit is known thati dont know the school, but it is said that it is quite a good one.14 .keep/stop/preventfrom doing 意为“阻止/防止做某事”，在主动语态中，stop和 prevent构成的两个短语中 from可省略，但 keep短语中的from不能省略。它们在被动语态中from都不可省略。如：the great wall will stop the wind (from)blowing the earth away.we were stopped from going home by the heavy rain.15. 提建议的常用句型：(1)用“shall we?” 句型，其意思是“ 好吗？”主要用于提出某种建议或征求对方意见，多用于第一人称，shall不能改为will.例如： shall we meet inside the park ? b. shall we go and see the monkeys?(2) 用 “lets”句型。在表示“建议”时 包括对方在内，意为“咱们吧！”有时还可以句尾加上“shall we?”例如：a. lets finish our homework first. b. lets start at eight oclock, shall we?(3).what / how about? 常用来征求对方意见、询问某人对谋事物的看法，意思是“如何？怎么样？”，about在此作介词用，常接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。例如：im fifteen. what /how about you /jim?what /how about going to play games.(4) had better do sth 意思为“最好干某事”，常用来提出建议或劝告，其否定形式是had better not do sth. 该句型没有人称和数的变化。例如：youd better ask your teacher the question.youd better not go there alone.(5)用 “why not?”句型。这是口语“why dont you?”的简略式，其意思是“为什么不”。例如：a. why not go swimming tomorrow? b. why dont you ask the teacher?16. 区别下列句型的用法： （1）how long多久，对for+一段时间；since+ 一个时间点或从句进行提问。he lived in beijing for ten years(对划线部分进行提问)how long did he live in beijing?(2)how soon多久，对in+一段时间进行提问。 she will be back in an hour （对划线部分进行提问） how soon will he be back?(3)how often多久一次，对周期、频率进行提问，如：once a day/ week:; twice a month/year ;three times a day/a week.this medicine should be taken three times a day（对划线部分进行提问）how often should this medicine be taken?17. 英语中“问路”的常用句型：（1） excuse me. which is the way to, please ? （2） excuse me. where isplease ?（3） excuse me. could you tell me the way to ?（4） excuse me. how could(can)i get to ?（5） excuse me. could (can) you tell me how i can get to ?（6） excuse me. could (can) you tell me how to get to ?18感叹句的两种句型：（1） what a/an+adj+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！what+adj+不可数名词（或可数名词复数）+主语+谓语！例如：what a clever boy he is! what bad weather it is !(2)how+adj+主语+系动词！how+adv+主语+实义动词！how+adj+a/an+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！= what a/an+adj+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！例如：how hard he works! how clever a boy he is!19. sothat 与 suchthat引导的状语从句，意思为：“如此一致于”（1） so+ 形容词（副词）+that从句（2） so +形容词+a +可数名词单数+ that从句(3) such a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+ that从句（4） such+形容词+可数名词复数 /不可数名词+that从句注意：若名词前有many, much, little 和few修饰时，要用 so而不用 such这时 many 和much表示“多”，little和few表示“少”。（5） so many (few)+可数名词复数+that从句（6） so much(little)+不可数名词+that从句20. （1） its adj of sb to do sth 和（2）its adj for sb to do sth 这两个句型中，用for sb或是用of sb.主要看它们前面的形容词，如果这个形容词和介词后面的人称代词或名词构成合乎逻辑的系表结构，就用介词of 否则就用for。例如：its very kind of you to help me.适合句型（1）的形容词有：kind, nice, good, wise, clever, polite, foolish, careful, careless等its very important for us to learn english well.适合句型（2）的形容词有：important, necessary, easy, difficult, hard, possible, impossible等点击have been to 与have gone to的区别1 have been to指经历，不指动作，意思是：“去过”；例如：(1) i have been to beijing.我去过北京。(2) he has been to qingdao. 他去过青岛。(3) have you been to shanghai?你去过上海吗？2 have gone to指动作，意思是：“去了”。句子的主语不在说话的地方。例如：(1) they have gone to tianjin. 他们去了天津。（他们已到天津或正在去天津的路上）(2) he has gone to the country.他去乡下了。 3. 询问对方时不能用have you gone to?只能用have you been to?询问第三者则两者都可以。例如：(1) has he been to qingdao?他去过青岛吗？(2) has he gone to qingdao?他去青岛了吗？不能说：have you gone to qingdao?因为have gone to表示此人不在场了。 4. have been to与have been in的区别have been to 表经历；have been in表状态。例如：(1) she has been to shanghai before.他从前去过上海。（表经历）(2) she has been in shanghai for ten years.他在上海住了十年了。be used to /for / as / by1. be used to+ n./doing sthbe used to中to是介词，后面加名词或doing sth，其中be有各种时态的变化形式，表示“习惯于”。(1) she is used to living in the countryside.他习惯住在乡下。(2) he is used to hard work(to working hard).他习惯努力工作。(3)i am not used to rice /eating rice 我不习惯吃大米。(4)youll soon be/get/become / grow used to our way of living.你不久就会习惯我们的生活方式的。(5)i have been used to rice(eating rice).我已习惯吃大米了。2. use sth to do sth（主动形式），用干某事。sth be used to do sth（被动形式），被用来干某事。(1)i use a knife to cut bread.（主动形式）a knife is used to cut bread.（被动形式）(2)they use coal to keep warm. （主动形式）coal is used to keep warm. （被动形式） 3. be used for+ n./doing sth be used for中，for为介词，后加名词或doing，表示“被用来干某事”。(1) what do you use this tool for? 你用这个工具干什么？it is used for cutting/ to cut hair. 此工具被用来剪头发。(2) bamboo can be used for building =bamboo can be used to build houses.竹子被用来建房屋。4. be used as+n作为被使用(1) during the war the castle was used as a prison/for keeping prisoners in.战争期间城堡被用来做监狱。(2) a burnt stick can be used as a pen. 烧焦的树枝可用作笔来写字。(3) this grammar book can be used as a textbook. 这本语法书可用来做教科书。5. be used by+sb 被某人使用(1) this reading-room is only used by teachers.这是教师阅览室。(2) the bike is only used by me. 这辆自行车只准我使用。：一般现在时的被动语态讲与练in this way, by the way, on the /ones way to1. in this way 意思是“以/ 通过这种方法/方式”you can learn english in this way. 你可以通过这种方法学英语。there are many ways to make friends. he did it in this way. 交友有许多方法，他是这样做的。2. by the way 意思是“顺便说（一提）（改变话题时使用） by the way, where did he go? 顺便请问，他去哪里了？by the way , when does the train to beijing arrive? 顺便问一下，去北京的火车几点到达？by the way, how did you sleep last night? 顺便问一下，昨天晚上休息的怎么样？3. on the / ones way to意思是“在去（往）的途中”on the / ones way to +名词；但on the / ones way home / there中home there 前不能加to, home there 为副词。he is on the /his way to school.他在上学的路上。on my/ the way home i met a friend of mine. 在回家的路上，我遇到了一位朋友。they are on the / their way to success. 他们在向成功迈进。点击spend, take, cost和pay的用法区别 spend, take, cost, 和pay这四个词都有花费的意思。cost指花钱，时间，劳力等；take主要指花时间，金钱；pay指花金钱；spend指花时间，金钱等。cost常以事物作主语，而不以人作主语.现将四个词的用法列表如下： 词别句子主语常用句型spendsb(1) sb spends some time (in) doing sth.(2)sb spends some money on/for sth.paysb(1)sb pays(some money)for sth/doing sth.(2)sb pays sb some money for sth=sb pays some money to sb for sth(3) sb pays sb some money to do sthtakeitit take (sb) some time /money to do sth= it takes some time /money for sb to do sth.coststh(1) sth cost (