科普文讲练.doc

高考英语科普类阅读答题方法【实例分析】：Robots are smart. With their computer brains, they help people work in dangerous places or do difficult jobs. Some robots do regular jobs. Bobby, the mail carrier, brings mail to a large office building in Washington, D.C. He is one of 250 mail carriers in the United States.Mr. Leachim, who weighs two hundred pounds and is six feet tall, has some advantages as a teacher. One is that he does not forget details. He knows each childs name, the parents names and what each child knows and needs to know. In addition, he knows each childs pets and hobbies. Mr. Leachim does not make mistakes. Each child goes and tells him his or her name, then dials an identification number. His computer brain puts the childs voice and number together. He identifies the child with no mistakes. Then he starts the lesson.Another advantage is that Mr. Leachim is flexible. If the children need more time to do their lessons they can move switches. In this way they can repeat Mr. Leachims lesson over and over again. When the children do a good job, he tells them something interesting about their hobbies. At the end of the lesson the children switch Mr. Leachim off. 1. The first paragraph of the passage tells us _.A. human beings are not as smart as robotsB. robots will take the place of man to rule the earthC. we can only use robots to do some regular jobsD. robots can help people in many different ways2. Mr. Leachims _ makes him a good teacher.A. knowledge B. Appearance C. advantages D. energy3. What is the most important thing Mr. Leachim can do in his lessons?A. To meet the needs of each student.B. To talk to the students in different languages.C. To keep everyones interest in his lesson.D. To introduce more hobbies to the children.4. The word flexible in the last paragraph means _.A. not strict B. not hard C. suitable D. Changeable5. Which of the following statements may be true according to the passage?A. There are 250 robot teachers in the United States.B. Mr. Leachim is run and controlled by electricity.C. Bobby works in a large office building in Washington D.C.D. The lessons taught by Mr. Leachim are given on a TV set. 科普类考题1)(NMET 典型例题 In 1901,H.G.Wells, an English writer,wrote a book describing a trip to the moon. When the explorers (探险者) landed on the moon, they discovered that the moon was full of un- derground cities. They expressed their surprise to the moon people they met. In turn, the moon people expressed their surprise. Why, they asked, are you traveling to outer space when you dont even use your inner space?H.G.Wells could only imagine travel to the moon. In 1969, human beings really did land on the moon. People today know that there are no underground cities on the moon. However, the question that the moon people asked is still an interesting one. A growing number of scien- tists are seriously thinking about it.Underground systems are already in place. Many cities have underground car parks. In some cities, such as Tokyo, Seoul and Montreal, there are large underground shopping areas. The Channel, a tunnel (隧道) connecting England and France, is now complete.But what about underground cities? Japans Taisei Corporation is designing a network of un- derground systems, called Alice Cities. The designers imagine using surface space for public parks and using underground space for flats, offices, shopping, and so on. A solar dome (太阳能穹顶) would cover the whole city. Supporters of underground development say that building down rather than building up is a good way to use the earths space. The surface, they say, can be used for farms, parks, gar- dens, and wilderness. H.G. Wells moon people would agree. Would you? 1. The explorers in H.G.Wells story were surprised to find that the moon people . A. knew so much about the earth B. understood their language C. lived in so many underground cities D. were ahead of them in space technology 2. What does the underlined word it (Paragraph 2) refer to? A. Discovering the moons inner space. B. Using the earths inner space. C. Meeting the moon people again. D. Traveling to outer space. 3. What sort of underground systems are already here with us? A. Offices, shopping areas, power stations. B. Tunnels, car parks, shopping areas. C. Gardens, car parks, power stations. D. Tunnels, gardens, offices. 4. What would be the best title for the text? A. Alice Cities-cities of the future. B. Space travel with H.G.Wells. C. Enjoy living underground. D. Building down, not up.考题2(NMET 典型例题 London (Reuters)Organic fruit, delivered right to the doorstep. That is what Gabriel Gold prefers, and he is willing to pay for it. If this is not possible, the 26-year-old computer technician will spend the extra money at the supermarket to buy organic food. Organic produce is always better, Gold said. The food is free of pesticides (农药), and you are generally supporting family farms instead of large farms. And more often than not it is lo cally (本地) grown and seasonal, so it is more tasty. Gold is one of a growing number of shop- pers buying into the organic trend, and supermarkets across Britain are counting on more like him as they grow their organic food business. But how many shoppers really know what they are get- ting, and why are they willing to pay a higher price for organic produce? Market research shows that Gold and others who buy organic food can generally give clear reasons for their preferences but their knowledge of organic food is far from complete. For example, small amounts of pesticides can be used on organic products. And about three quarters of organic food in Britain is not local but imported (进口) to meet growing demand. The demand for organic food is increasing by about one third every year, so it is a very fast-growing market, said Sue Flock, a specialist in this line of business.1. More and more people in Britain are buying organic food because . A. they are getting richer B. they can get the food anywhere C. they consider the food free of pollution D. they like home-grown fruit 2. Which of the following statements is true to the facts about most organic products sold in Britain? A. It grows indoors all year round. B. It is produced outside Britain. C. It is grown on family farms. D. It is produced on large farms. 3. What is the meaning of the organic trend as the words are used in the text? A. Growing interest in organic food. B. Better quality of organic food. C. Rising market for organic food. D. Higher prices of organic food. 4. What is the best title for this news story? A. Organic food-healthy, or just for the wealthy? B. The making of organic food in Britain. C. Organic food-to import or not? D. Good qualities of organic food.考题3(典型例题，C) Laptop (便携式) computers are popular all over the world. People use them on trains and airplanes, in airports and hotels. These laptops connect people to their workplace. In the United States today, laptops also connect students to their classrooms. Westlake College in Virginia will start a laptop computer program that allows students to do schoolwork anywhere they want. Within five years, each of the 1,500 students at the college will receive a laptop. The laptops are part of a $10 million computer program at Westlake, a ll0- year-old college. The students with laptops will also have access to the Internet. In addition, they will be able to use e-mail to speak with their teachers, their classmates, and their families. However, the most important part of the laptop program is that students will be able to use computers without going to computer labs. They can work with it at home, in a fast-food restaurant or under the treesanywhere at all!Because of the many changes in computer technology, laptop use in higher education, such as colleges and universities, is workable. As laptops become more powerful, they become more similar to desktop computers. In addition, the portable computers can connect students to not only the Intemet, but also libraries and other resources. State higher-education officials are studying how laptops can help students. State officials also are testing laptop programs at other universities, too.At Westlake College, more than 60 percent of the staff use computers. The laptops will al- low all teachers to use computers in their lessons. As one Westlake teacher said, Here we are in the middle of Virginia and were giving students a window on the world. They can see everything and do everything.1. The main purpose of the laptop program is to give each student a laptop to . A. use for their school work B. access the internet C. work at home D. connect them to libraries 2. Why is the word speak in the second paragraph in quotation marks? A. They dont really talk. B. They use the computer language. C. Laptops have speakers. D. None of the above reasons is correct. 3. Which of the following is true about West Lake College? A. All teachers use computers. B. l, 500 students have laptops. C. It is an old college in America. D. Students there can do everything. 4. A window on the world in the last paragraph means that students can A. attend lectures on information technology B. travel around the world C. get information from around the world D. have free laptops5. What can we infer (推断) from the passage? A. The program is successful. B. The program is not workable. C. rihe program is too expensive. D. We dont know the result yet.考题4(NMET 典型例题，D) You are what you eat. This saying has provided scientists with clues (线索) about the diet of hominids-our early relatives of 3 million years ago. Studying carbon atoms (碳原子) locked up in tooth enamel (珐琅质), two researchers ar- gue against the widely held belief that hominids ate little more than fruits and leaves. Sponheimer and, Julia Lee-Thorp of the University of Cape Town, south Africa, report their findings in Fridays Science. There arent many clues for us to know the life of early hominids. The shape of hominids teeth offered the first clues. Large and flat-edged with thick enamel, they looked perfect for eat- ing nuts and fruits, different from the sharp teeth one would want to tear into meat with. The first stone tools, which would help in eating meat, didnt appear until about half a million years later. Scientists have also found marks on hominids teeth with patterns very similar to those on the teeth of modern day fruit eaters. Sponheimer and Lee-Thorp tried a new method, looking at the chemical composition of the tooth enamel. They studied the enamel for the carbon-13. Animals that eat grasses have higher carbon-13 levels than those eating fruits and other plants. What they found was that the teeth of the hominids had an in-between amount of carbon-13, which meant not only they were eating fruits, they were eating a lot of grass, or animals eating grasses. The lower carbon-13 levels could also come from eating certain types of insects (昆虫).But there are people who understand differently. Prof. Ungar of the University of Arkansas agrees the study offers new suggestions of hominid diet, but disagrees about the suggestion that meat could explain the lower carbon-13 levels. One suggestion might be true thoughtake good care of your teeth. In 3 million years, a scientist might be using them to figure out what you ate for dinner.1. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. Protect Your Teeth. B. What the Hominid Ate. C. Where the Hominid lived. D. The Formation of Tooth Enamel. 2. Beforthetwo scientists findings, most people thought that hominids A. lived half a million years ago B. ate mainly fruits and leaves C. used tools to dig grass D. had sharp teeth 3. The two scientists findings were mainly based on the study about . A. the shape of hominids teeth B. the teeth marks of early fruit eaters C. the grasses of 3 million years ago D. the makeup of the tooth enamel 4. What is it that Prof. Ungar finds doubtful? A. Hominids possibly ate grass-eating animals. B. Hominids probably had different diets. C. Hominids were basically fruit-and grass-eaters.D. Hominids had lower level of carbon-13 in their teeth. 考题5(典型例题，D)Louis Pasteur, the famous French chemist and bacteriologist, invented pasteurization. In 1854 Pasteur was made head of the department of Science at the University of Lille and it was there that he made one of his most famous discoveries. Lille was a major center for wine and beer making and some of the local wine-makers asked Pasteur if he could help solve the problem of keeping wine fresh. At that time, it was believed that food drinks go bad due to a purely chemical process (变化过程). But during a series of experiments Pasteur proved that tiny living organisms (微生物) caused food and drinks to go bad.In the case of wine and beer the organ- isms are already present in the form of the various yeasts (酵母) that caused the fermentation (发酵) process. Pasteur discovered that heating the wine gently for a few minutes after it had fer- mented would kill off the yeast that was left in the wine, with the result that the wine would re- main fresh for much longer. He also proved that food and drinks could be turned bad by other or- ganisms that were present in the air, and that they too would keep fresh much longer if they were kept in airtight containers.The heating process was so successful that it made Pasteur famous. It was named pasteurization in his honour, and by about 1900 it had been widely used for processing and bottling cows milk. The result was a huge drop in the number of bottle-fed babies dying from infant diar- rhea (婴儿腹泻) and from that time on it had been a standard treatment for milk and many other food products. This simple process has saved thousands, possibly millions, of lives world wide.1. Pasteur became in 1854. A. the chairperson of the Science Department at the University of Lille B. the director of a chemical laboratory at the University of Lille C. the general manager of a large beer-making company D. the president of the University of Lille 2. According to the passage, Lille was a major center for he mid-19th century. A. growing grain crops B. making beer and wineC. doing chemical research D. producing various kinds of yeast3. In the last sentence of Paragraph 1, the underlined word they refers to . A. wine and beer B. food and drinks C. the various yeasts D. other organisms 4. We can infer from the passage that Pasteurs discovery . A. is no longer widely used for treating milk and other food products B. did not bring much profit to the wine makers in Lille C. has done a lot of good to childcare in the world D. had greatly reduced the number of wars in the world 考题 6 (典型例题, D) After a busy day of work and play, the body needs to rest. Sleep is necessary for good health. During this time, the body recovers from the activities of the day. The rest that you get while sleeping makes it possible for your body to prepare itself for the next day. There are four levels of sleep, each being a little deeper than the one before. As you sleep, your body relaxes (放松) little by little. Your heart beats more slowly, and your brain slows down. After you reach the fourth level, your body shifts (变换) back and forth from one level of sleep to the other.Though your mind slows down, you will dream from time to time. Scientists who study sleep point out that when dreaming occurs, your eyeballs begin to move more quickly (although your eyelids are closed). This stage of sleep is called REM, which stands for rapid eye movement.If you have trouble falling asleep, some people recommend (建议) breathing very slowly and very deeply. Other people believe that drinking warm milk will make you drowsy. There is also an old suggestion that counting sheep will put you to sleep. 1. The text suggests that not getting enough sleep might make you . A. suffer from Ix)or health B. feel tired and nervous C. dream more often D. breathe quickly 2. During REM, . A. you move restlessly B. you start dreaming C. your mind stops working D. your eyeballs move quickly 3. The underlined word drowsy in the last paragraph probably means . A. lazy B. sleepy C. relaxed D. pleased 4. A good title for this text might be . A. Dreams B. Sleep C. Good Health D. Work and Rest考题7(典型例题，A) Dolphins (海豚) are not fish, but warm-blooded animals. They live in groups, and speak to each other in their own language. In this they are like other animals, such as bees and birds. But dolphins are very different from almost all land animals. Their brain is nearly the same size as our own, and they live a long time., at least twenty or thirty years. Like some animals, dolphins use sound to help them find their way a