Unit 6 Enjoying a Story 导学案 3 (2).docVIP

Unit 6 Enjoying a Story 导学案 Part 4 语法Noun clauses as the Appositive and PredicativeI.概念: 1. 同位语从句：在句中担当同位语的是一个从句，这个从句就叫同位语从句，它对其前面的名词作进一步的解释，说明名词的具体内容。同位语从句的构成：同位语从句主要由that引导，有时也会用wh- 连词或how引导。The news that our team won the first prize excited all of us.我们队得了第一名，这消息使我们都很兴奋。We heard the news last night that the Queen of England was on a three-day visit in China.我们昨天听到消息说英国女王在中国进行为期三天的访问。I have no idea when he will come back home. 我不知道他什么时候回来。注意：同位语从句中的that连词不作任何成分，也无词汇意义，但不能省略。1) 可跟同位语从句的名词主要有fact， news， idea， promise， reason， order， hope等。2)在名词suggestion(建议)，proposal(提议)，order(命令)， demand(要求)等名词后从句要用虚拟语气，谓语动词用(should) + 动词原形。 Its my suggestion that he be our captain.3)在question， idea， doubt等表示疑问的词后面，可以由特殊疑问词引导同位语从句。 The question how he arrived here is unknown. 他是怎么到这儿的，这个问题还不知道。There is a doubt whether he will do it or not. 他会不会做那件事情还值得怀疑。注意：同位语从句不能用if引导。思考：同位语从句中的that连词与定语从句中的that连词有何区别？2. 表语从句:在句中担当表语的是一个从句，这个从句就叫作表语从句，它位于be动词或其它连系动词之后。表语从句的三种基本类型： 1)由that引导的表语从句2)由wh-词引导的表语从句 3)由how引导的表语从句 The problem is that they cant find the watch. This is what I want to say.This is how they overcame the difficulties. The question is whether he can speak English. The reason is that they cant keep up with the society.主句的主语是reason时，表语从句要用that，不能用because。例如：The reason why he failed was that he was careless.表语从句也可以由以下结构构成：It seems that(好像)/ It appears that(似乎)/ It turns out that(结果是)，It happens that(恰好，碰巧)e.g. : It seems that he will go abroad.注意： a. 表语从句中的that连词不作任何成分，也无词汇意义，但不能省略。b. 表示“是否” ， 在表语从句中不能用if，只能用whether。II. 连词的正确选用: 根据连词的词义和所充当的句子成分正确选用连词。【试一试】1. He often asked me the question _ the work was worth doing. A. whether B. where C. that D. when 2. The order _ the prisoner be set free arrived too late. A. which B. whether C. that D. what3. Do you have any idea _ is actually going on in the classroom？ A. that B. what C. as D. which4. Are you still thinking about yesterdays game？ Oh， thats _. A. what makes me feel excited B. whatever I feel excited about C. how I feel about it D. when I feel excited5. She looked _ she were ten years younger. A. that B. as though C. as D. like6. Maria has to baby-sit. That s _ she cant come out with us. A. why B. how C. when D. whatIII名词性从句需要注意的几个问题：1语序问题：所有名词性从句都用陈述语气。2. 时态问题：从句的时态要与主句相呼应。3名词性从句中的that/which和定语从句中的that/which 的区别。4名词性从句中that和what的区别。5. 名词性从句中which和what的区。6. 名词性从句中if和whether的区别。下列情况下一般只能用whether，不用if 。A. 引导主语从句，表语从句和同位语从句时； B. 作介词的宾语从句时；C. 从句后有“or not”时； D. 后接动词不定式时； E. 作discuss 的宾语从句时；7. Who / whoever， what / whatever 与 no matter who / what.A. 一般说来，what/who等含特指意义，而whatever/whoever等含泛指意义，意为“无论什么/无论谁”(含有强调意味)。B. whatever， whoever. 既可以引导名词性从句也可以引导让步状语从句； 而no matter what / who .只能引导让步状语从句。【试试看】1. Sarah hopes to become a friend of _ shares her int