观点对立议论文范文笔记.doc

议论文写作讲义【整理版】 观点对立议论文观点对立性议论文一般写作思路：（1） 表明社会问题(the problem which is concerned by the individuals)（2） 正面阐释观点(positive view)（3） 反面阐释观点(opposite view)（4） 自我观点的表述(personal view)There is no denying the fact that(不容否认) setting off firecrackers has been a hotly debated topic in China/around the world/among the citizens. Peoples opinions differ sharply on this issue. Some hold the positive view. (1)They say that it is an ancient Chinese custom which should be preserved. (2) They also claim that firecrackers make festivals and holiday occasions more colorful and entertaining for both adults and children. Without firecrackers, festivals would become dull and cheerless(枯燥无味).Others, however, hold the opposite view. (1)They maintain that firecrackers should be banned. Moreover, (2) They point out that firecrackers are responsible for fires, which destroy, property, and for injuries suffered both by the people who set them off and by innocent bystanders.(3) They also argue that firecrackers are a waste of money and resources.Personally(as far as Im concerned), I believe that we should not go to extremes(走极端). (1) On the one hand, we should preserve the old custom of letting off firecrackers; (2) on the other hand, we should make it harmless. This can be done by banning firecrackers from public places. In addition, the setting off of firecrackers should be restricted to festival days.1. 不容否认: There is no denying the fact that=No one can deny the fact that2. Sth. has been a hotly debated topic in china/ around the world / among the citizens.3. When it comes to the problem, the opinions differ sharply from person to person.4. 表示某人的观点和看法的表达动词：Point out/ argue/ think /believe / maintain / hold+ thatThey are of the opinion thatThere are many / a large number of people who are of the opinion that5. 表示导致，造成的观点：Be responsible for sth. / sth. Lead to sth. / sth. Result in sth. / The reason tor sth. Is that6. personally /as far as I concerned , I believe / think that 7. On one hand,;on the other hand,8. 表示另外，而且的词语： moreover / in addition 9. 表示某种问题解决的话：this can be done by 10. Personally, I believe that we should not go to extremes.11. dull and cheerless （枯燥无味的）There has been much controversy over（现在对某个观点意见看法有很多的争议） setting off firecrackers in the past years, with each party owning convincing evidences(with的句型表示原因和伴随状语). Those who are in favor of/ agree with the opinion of setting firecrackers claim/argue/hold/believe/contain/point out) that it is an ancient Chinese custom that should be preserved. They also argue that firecrackers make festivals and holiday occasions more colorful and entertaining for both adults and children. Without firecrackers, festivals would become cold/dull and cheerless. On the other hand, there are many people who are of the opinion that firecrackers should be banned. They point out that firecrackers are responsible for fires which destroy property, and for injuries suffered both by the people who set them off and by innocent bystanders. Besides/in addition/moreover, they maintain that firecrackers lead to a waste of money and resources. They argue that firecrackers result in a waste of money and resources.Personally (as far as I concerned), I think that both sides have something right (I believe that every coin has two sides). Actually, firecrackers should be viewed as a two-edged sword, which presents us with both benefits and troubles. But we should not give up eating for fear of choking. The best policy(最好的对策、做法), as I see it, is to maximize their advantages and minimize their unhealthy influence, so that they can benefit us in a better way.本段可用于描述中立性观点1 你应该做某事： you should /must/will probably have to do sth.2 Sth. Have a large number of(大量的) /a series of / a variety of （各种各样的）advantages/disadvantages.3 Have a quick bite 很快的吃饭 4 stay within a limited budget 不花多少钱5 To some degree 从某种程度上看，从某种程度上说6 In my view / in my opinion 在我看来（不能跟我认为类型的词组或者词语）7 As far as I concerned ,I think/believe/argue/hold/maintain + that8 Lead to /cause/ result in/ bring about/breed 导致，造成9 Weighing the pros and cons of these arguments/opinions, Im inclined to agree/in favor of /be against/disagree with the former/latter one.10 In spite of these claims, most people would agree that11 When it comes to the problem, peoples opinions differ sharply/greatly from person to person.解决问题类型的作文问题分析的三步走原则：(1) 提出问题(the fact which has been a hotly topic of the society )(2) 分析问题(analyze the reason for the problem/the cause for this phenomenon )(3) 解决问题 ( the solution to the problem/ the measures which should be taken to solve/ deal with the problem)My View on Fake CommoditiesNobody could have failed to notice the fact that/the individuals could not fail to realize the phenomenon that fake commodities have been a grave/ serious /sharp problem with which we are confronted/which we are facing. Fake and shoddy goods flood the market. Taking a look around, we can find examples too numerous (众多的，很多的) to list: Pirated editions of books and films, food and drinks of poor quality and the like. Fake and shoddy goods are bound to generate severe consequences if we keep turning a blind eye to them. First and foremost, they directly infringe upon (侵害)consumers rights, wasting their money and threatening their health and even lives【同位语从句】. Besides, the production and sale of fake goods cause serious losses on the part of honest and lawful producers. Last but not least, the destruction of fake commodities means a grievous严重的 waste of the nations resources. In view of the seriousness of this problem, effective measures must be taken before things get worse. First, it is essential that laws and regulations (should) be worked out and enforced to ban the manufacture and circulation of fake and shoddy goods. Secondly, the public should enhance their awareness of identifying and refusing sub-standard commodities. With proper laws and an alert public, it will only be a matter of time for fake and shoddy goods to become things of the past. / With these measures taken, it is reasonable for us to believe that the problem will be solved in the near future. 12. 不容否认 there is no denying the fact that=no one can deny the fact that13. nobody could have noticed the fact that=nobody could not fail to notice the fact that14. 严重的 serious/grave15. 举例的说法：(1) Such as/for example/(2) Taking a look around, we can find examples too numerous(众多的，很多的) to list:. 16. 如何写危害段落：Sth. are bound to (必定) generate（造成）/lead to /breed/result in/bring about severe/grave/serious consequences if we keep turning a blind eye to them.Sth. are harmful in many kinds of ways.17. 衔接词语：first and foremost/in the first place/first/firstly Besides/in the second place/moreover Last but not least/finally18. 防止的用法：prevent / stop /persuade to do sth.19. In view of the seriousness of this problem, effective measures must be taken before things get worse.20. 重要的，必要的：important/essential/imperative/necessary/ significant21. 乱砍乱伐：clear cutting 过度放牧：overgrazing22. The public/individuals should enhance their awareness of23. With proper laws and an alert public, it will only be a matter of time for fake and shoddy goods to become things of the past.24. With these measures taken, it is reasonable for us to believe that the problem will be solved in the near future. 名言警句型议论文写作具体写作步骤：（1） 解释含义（explain the meaning of the proverbs）（2） 举例说明（give some examples）（3） 总结发挥（summrize the main point of the proverb and state your own view）Haste Makes WasteA famous saying goes “Haste makes waste”, which means that one should do everything step by step. Even simple operations can easily be spoiled if we rush to complete them, neglecting important stages in the process. One should make full preparations before beginning any task.Taking a look around, we can find examples too numerous to list. The best illustration might be English study. Without a good command of pronunciation, we can never hope to speak in an understandable way. Similarly, if we do not learn to spell properly and to acquire a basic grasp of grammar, we will never succeed in writing good compositions.(或Actually, history abounds with examples of haste making waste. A well-known Chinese fable goes that a farm tried to help the shoots grow by pulling them upward, only to find that they died soon. Another case in point is the so-called Great Leap Forward movement in China in 1950s and 1960s. At that time, the Chinese people were so eager to develop their economy that they took some improper measures, only to hinder the expansion of economy.)(或Here I can think of no better illustration of the proverb than the experience of my own. At the age of 11 or 12, I began to learn to ride. Eager to ride as well as others, I started by sitting on the saddle at the very beginning. Predictably, I often fell from over the bike. Lots of time had been wasted before I realized that I should do it step by step. I tried to slide by standing on one pedal. Then I began to ride the bike from under the cross bar. Finally, I succeeded. )In short/in conclusion/in a word / in brief / in summary / on the whole / to sum up / to conclude, laying a solid foundation is essential/important if we want to make achievements in our studies or work, or indeed in any other aspect of our lives. At every step, review what has been achieved and assess the problems ahead before moving to th