初中英语语法 一般过去时..doc

一般过去时口诀一般过去并不难，表示过去(动作、状态)记心间。动词要用过去式，时间状语句末站。否定句很简单，didnt动词(原形)前，其它部分不要变。疑问句也好变，did放在句子前，其它部分依次站。特殊疑问也简单，疑问句首记心间。最后一条请注意，动词过去要牢记。1.概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为； 2.时间状语：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week,last(year, night, month, 具体时间, just now, at the age of , one day, long ago, once upon a time(很久以前),3.动词变化规则：规则变化：1 直接加ed eg：work worked worked2 以不发音的e结尾的，+d eg：live lived lived3 以辅音字母+y结尾的，变y为i加ed eg：study stuied stuied4 以重读闭音节结尾的，双写最后的辅音字母+ed eg： stop stopped stopped 不规则变化例如相等 eg：cut cut read read sit sat have/has - had, eat-ate ,see-saw4.否定形式：was/were+not;在行为动词前加didnt，同时还原行为动词。 5.一般疑问句：was或were放于句首；用助动词do的过去式did 提问，同时还原行为动词。She often came to help us in those days. I didnt know you were so busy. 6.一般过去式的构成形式： 肯定式疑问式否定式疑问否定式I workedDid I work?I did not workDid I not work?He(she,it) workedDid he(she,it) work?He (she,it)did not workDid he(she,it)not work?We workedDid we work?We did not workDid we not work?You workedDid you work?You did not workDid you not work?They workedDid they work?They did not workDid they not work?一般过去时表示句式：主语+过去动词+其他I had a word with Julia this morning.今天早晨，我跟朱丽亚说了几句话。(1) He smoked many cigarettes a day until he gave up. 他没有戒烟的那阵子，抽烟抽得可凶了。(2) 一般过去时常与表示过去的时间状语或从句连用，如：yesterday, last week, in 1993, at that time, once, during the war, before, a few days ago, when 等等。 Have you had your lunch? 你吃过午饭了吗？（你现在不饿吗？） Yes, I have. 是的，我已经吃过了。（已经吃饱了，不想再吃了。） When did you have it? 你是什么时候吃的？（关心的是吃的动作发生在何时。） I had it about ten minutes ago. 我大约是十分钟以前吃的。 ）Used to do something 表示过去常做而现在已经停止了的习惯动作。 I used to work fourteen hours a day. 我过去常常一天干十四个小时。I ate it at 6：45。我在六点四十五分吃了。一般过去时的基本用法 1 带有确定的过去时间状语时，要用过去时如：yesterday（昨天）、two days ago（两天前 ）、last year（去年）、the other day（前几天）、once upon a time（很久以前）、 just now（刚才）、in the old days（过去的日子里）、before liberation（解放前）、 When I was 8 years old 、at+一个时间点Did you have a party the other day？前几天，你们开了晚会了吗？Lei Feng was a good soldier. 雷锋是个好战士。注意在谈到已死去的人的情况时，多用过去时。2 表示过去连续发生的动作时，要用过去时,这种情况下，往往没有表示过去的时间状语，而通过上下文来表示。The boy opened his eyes for a moment，looked at the captain，and then died. 那男孩把眼睛张开了一会儿，看看船长，然后就去世了。3 表示过去一段时间内经常或反复的动作常与always，never等连用。Mrs. Peter always carried an umbrella.彼得太太过去老是带着一把伞。（只是说明她过去的动作，不表明她现在是否常带着伞。）比较 Mrs. Peter always carries an umbrella.彼得太太老是带着伞。（说明这是她的习惯，表明她现在仍然还习惯总带着一把伞）Mrs. Peter is always carrying an umbrella.彼得太太 总是带着一把伞。（表示说话者对这一动作或行为厌烦）I never drank wine.我以前从不喝酒。（不涉及到现在，不说明现在是否喝酒）4 如果强调已经终止的习惯时要用 used to do(过去常常做，而现在不那样做了)He used to drink.他过去喝酒。（意味着他现在不喝酒了。喝酒这个动作终止了）I used to take a walk in the morning.我过去是在早晨散步。（意味着现在不在早晨散步了）比较：I took a walk in the morning.我曾经在早晨散过步。（只是说明过去这一动作）5 有些句子，虽然没有表示过去确定时间的状语，但实际上是指过去发生的动作或存在的状态的话，也要用过去时，这一点，我们中国学生往往出错，要特别注意！I didnt know you were in Paris.我不知道你在巴黎。（因为在说话时，我已经知道你在巴黎了。这句话指的是说话之前，所以只能用过去时表示。实际上，这句话暗指：But now I know you are here.）I thought you were ill. 我以为你病了呢。（这句话应是在说话之前，我以为你病了。但是现在我知道你没病）辨别正误 Li Ming studied English this morning.（把此句变为一般疑问句）（ ）1.Did Li Ming studied English this morning？（动词应该用_）（ ） 2. Does Li ming Study English this morning？（时态应该用_）（ ） 3.Was Li Ming studied English this morning（应该用_而不是be动词）（ ） 4.Did Li Ming study Enghish this morning？ Clever boys or girls.3.there be 句型There was an apple on the table last night.Was there an apple on the table last night?训练题：1.Tom and Mary _ (come) to China last month. 2. Mike _(not go) to bed until 12 oclock last night. So he _ (get ) up late. 3. Mary _ (read) English yesterday morning. 4. There _ (be) no one here a moment ago. 5. I _ (call) Mike this morning. 6. I listened but _ (hear) nothing. 7. Tom _ (begin) to learn Chinese last year. 8. Last week we _ (pick) many apples on the farm. 9. My mother _ (not do) housework yesterday. 10. She watches TV every evening. But she _ (not watch) TV last night. 11_ your father _ ( go ) to work every day last year? 12-What time _ you _ (get) to Beijing yesterday? -We _ (get) to Beijing at 9:00 in the evening. 13. What _ (make) him cry (哭) just now? 14. Last year the teacher _ (tell) us that the earth moves around the sun. 15. There _ a telephone call for you just now. (be) 16. There _ not enough people to pick apples that day. ( be) 17. There _( be not) any hospitals in my hometown (家乡) in 1940. 18. There _ enough milk at home last week, wasnt there? 19. Eli _ to Japan last week. ( move) 20. When _ you _ (come) to china? Last year. 21. Did she _ (have) supper at home? 22. Jack _ (not clean) the room just now. 23. _ (be) it cold in your city yesterday? 24. How many people _ (be) there in your class last term? 25. It _ (be) hot yesterday and most children _ (be) outside. 26. There _ (be) a football match on TV yesterday evening, but I _ (have) no time to watch it. 请用正确动词形式填空。 1. I _ (have) an exciting party last weekend. 2. _ she _(practice) her guitar yesterday? No, she _. 3. What _ Tom _ (do) on Saturday evening? He _(watch) TV and _(read) an interesting book. 4. They all _(go) to the mountains yesterday morning. 5. She _(not visit) her aunt last weekend. She _ (stay) at home and _(do) some cleaning. 6. When _ you _(write) this song? I _(write) it last year. 7. My friend, Carol, _(study) for the math test and _(practice) English last night. 8. _ Mr. Li _(do) the project on Monday morning? Yes, he _. 9. How _(be) Jims weekend? It _(be not) bad. 10. _ (be) your mother a sales assistant last year? No. she _.句型转换1.Last week I read an English book. 否定句：_一般疑问句：_ 肯定/否定回答：_ 2.The children had a good time in the park.否定句：_一般疑问句：_对划线部分提问：_ 3.There were about nine hundred people at the concert.(音乐会)否定句：_一般疑问句：_对划线部分提问：_ 4. There was only one problem.否定句：_一般疑问句：_肯定/否定回答：_5. Ann did her homework yesterday evening.否定句：_一般疑问句：_对划线部分提问：_6. Last week I read an English book.否定句：_一般疑问句：_肯定/否定回答：_对划线部分提问：_7. My brother was in the park just now.否定句：_一般疑问句：_肯定/否定回答：_对划线部分提问：_7. 8.She had some bread for lunch today.否定句：_一般疑问句：_肯定/否定回答：_对划线部分提问：_8. 9.They read English last night.否定句：_一般疑问句：_肯定/否定回答：_对划线部分提问：_一、 III. 用所给词的适当形式填空。1. Tom and Mary _ (come) to China last month.2. Mike _(not go) to bed until 12 oclock last night.So he _ (get ) up late. 3. Mary _ (read) English yesterday morning.4. There _ (be) no one here a moment ago.5. I _ (call) Mike this morning. 6. I listened but _ (hear) nothing.7. Tom _ (begin) to learn Chinese last year.8. Last week we _ (pick) many apples on the farm.9. My mother _ (not do) housework yesterday.10. She watches TV every evening. But she _ (not watch) TV last night.11_ your father _ ( go ) to work every day last year?12-What time _ you _ (get) to Beijing yesterday?-We _ (get) to Beijing at 9:00 in the evening.13. What _ (make) him cry (哭) just now?14. Last year the teacher _ (tell) us that the earth moves around the sun.15. There _ a telephone call for you just now. (be)16. There _ not enough people to pick apples that day. ( be)17. There _( be not) any hospitals in my hometown (家乡) in 1940.18. There _ enough milk at home last week, wasnt there?19. Eli _ to Japan last week.( move)20. When _ you _ (come) to china?Last year.21. Did she _ (have) supper at home? 22. Jack _ (not clean) the room just now.23. _ (be) it cold in your city yesterday?24. How many people _ (be) there in your class last term?25. It _ (be) hot yesterday and most children _ (be) outside.26. There _ (be) a football match on TV yesterday evening, but I _ (have) no time to watch it.Unit8 where did you go on wacation?一 、写出下列动词的过去式go _ enjoy _ buy _ eat_ get _ walk _take_ dance_ write _ run_swim_ find _begin_ eat _ play _ study _二、 请用正确动词形式填空。1. I _ (have) an exciting party last weekend.2. _ she _(practice) her guitar yesterday?No, she _.3. What _ Tom _ (do) on Saturday evening? He _(watch) TV and_(read) an interesting book.4. They all _(go) to the mountains yesterday morning.5. She _(not visit) her aunt last weekend. She _ (stay) at home and _(do) some cleaning.6. When _ you _(write) this song?I _(write) it last year.7. My friend, Carol, _(study) for the math test and _(practice) English last night.8. _ Mr. Li _(do) the project on Monday morning? Yes, he _.9. How _(be) Jims weekend?It _(be not) bad.10. _ (be) your mother a sales assistant last year?No. she _.三、改错题1How is Jane yesterday? _2He go to school by bus last week. _3He often goes home at 6:00 last month. _4I can fly kites seven years ago. _5Did you saw him just now. _6Tom wasnt watch TV last night. _7I didnt my homework yesterday. _8He wait for you three hours ago. _9Who find it just now ? _四、按要求变换句型。1. Father bought me a new bike. （同义句）Father bought _ _ _ _ me.2. Frank read an interesting book about history. （一般疑问句）_ Frank _ an interesting book about history?3. Hes cleaning his rooms. （划线提问）_ he _?4. Why not go out for a walk? （同义句）_ _ _ out for a walk?5. Thomas spent RMB 10 on this book. （否定句）Thomas_RMB 10 on this book.6. My family went to the beach last week. （划线提问）_ _ _ fa