七年级代词讲解.doc

七年级代词讲解人称代词人称代词人称单数复数主格宾格主格宾格第一人称Imeweus第二人称youyouyouyou第三人称hehimtheythemsheheritit8主格=主语 宾格=宾语一、主格放在动词（行为动词、be动词、情态动词等）前面如： I （我）am a teacher。 We （我们）can play football。 She (她)has two brothers.如果是问句，则放在助动词、be动词或情态动词后面。如：Are you a pupil？Do they （他们）play football？Can he （他）walk？二、人称代词宾格放在动词或介词后。如：Let me give her （她） some sweets。Would you like to go with me （我）？ She （她）wants me(我) to help her(她).三、代词it基本用法小结人称代词it可以用来代替一个名词、一个短语、一个从句或一个句子，以避免它们在句中的重复。这时它可以指提到过的，也可以指未提到过的，在句中作主语或宾语。1.替代刚提到过的同一事物This is our new car. I bought it yesterday.这是我们的新车。我昨天买的。2.指动物或不考虑性别的婴儿Where is the cat? Its under the bed.猫在哪？它在床下面。The baby cried when it was hungry.这婴儿饿时就哭。3.在情景中确认某人或事物Who is it? Its me.是谁？(问敲门人)是我呀。Whos it over there? Its the teacher.那边那人是谁？他是老师Whats this? Its a map.这是什么？这是张地图。4指代前句或后句所述的情况He smokes in bed and I dontlike it.他在床上抽烟，我不喜欢他这样。It would be ideal if you could join us.如果你能和我们合作，则太好了。5指时间、距离、天气或环境等What time is it? Its seven oclock.几点了？7点。Its time for supper. =Its time to have supper.是该吃晚饭的时候了。Its about 50 kilometers from here to my home.从这儿到我家约有五十公里。It is snowing.正在下雪It was very quietin the garden.公园里很寂静。6用于笼统地谈论某种情况I cannot help it.我也没办法。四、she, he等的特殊用法 she可以用来代表国家、船只、大地、月亮等。 I am from China, she is very beautiful.（she代指国家） 我来自于中国，那是一个美丽的国家。Titanic was great. But she sunk down to the bottom of the Atlantic Ocean. （she代指船只） 泰坦尼克号很大, 可它沉到大西洋的海底了。 男主人常用she/her代指自己的爱车、宠物等。 Would you please take care of my little parrot? She needs good care. （she代指鹦鹉） 代词并列有顺序, 单数并列2 3 1, 复数并列1 2 3, 若把错误责任担, 第一人称最当先。时时注意比身份, 人总要在动物前。单身男女同时到, 男士反而要优先。人称代词三格用法 主语用主格, 宾语用宾格, 属于谁所有, 就用所有格。 Your car looks smart. When did you buy it? 你的车样子真好。什么时候买的？ I bought her a week ago. （her代指车） 一周前买的。 女主人常用he/his代指自己的车、宠物等。 My car still runs well.He has been working for me a dozen years. （He代指the car） 我的车依然运转很好, 他为我工作已12年了。 在寓言、故事中, 温柔、善良的动物（鹿、猫、熊猫、小鸟等）常用she替代, 凶猛、粗野的动物（老虎、狮子、狼、熊、狐狸等）常用he替代。 Panda Lily is a new member of the circus. She needs time to get used to the new life. （She替代Panda Lily） 熊猫丽丽是马戏团的新成员。她需要时间适应新的生活。 The tiger is very strong. He grows in the forest.数人称类别单数复数第一人称第二人称第三人称第一人称第二人称第三人称形容词性物主代词myyourHis her itsOuryourtheir名词性物主代词mineyoursHis hers itsoursyourstheirs含义我的你的他的 她的 它的我们的你们的他（她、它）们的形容词性物主代词 “的” 相当于形容词 作定语 后需跟名词名词性物主代词 “的东西” 相当于形容词+名词 作名词 后不需要跟名词名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词如：This is my （我的） potato。 That is your （你的） tomato。This potato is mine （我的）. That tomato is yours （你的）.用适当的代词填空1.These are (他们的) flowers. 2.Those books are （他们的）。3.Is this photo （你的）？ 4.Is this （你的）photo？5. （它的）eyes are blue。6. （她）is my mother。7.The eraser is for （她）。8.Is this （她的）bag？9.Is this bag （她的）？10.I dont like （他们）。11. （他们）are lazy pupils。12. （他们的）shoes are old。 13.The old shoes are （他们的）。14.This potato is （我的）。 15.That tomato is （你的）。16.This is （我的）potato。 17.That is （你的）tomato。18. （我们的） Classroom is big and bright。19.The big and bright classroom is （我们的）20.He will catch up with （我们）。21. (他的) bike is red。 22.The red bike is （他的）。23.I am worried about （他）。24. The dog is very lovely. _is my friend. (它)25. This is _(我的) ruler. That is _（她的）26. Those shoes are _（他的）. These are _(她的) shoes.指示代词1. 当把一个人介绍给另一个人时常用this is 如果介绍距离我们较远的人时则用that is 缩写为thats, 一般不用he is 或者she is 当介绍的是两个或两个以上的人时用these are 或those are; 回答提问时用they are.而不是用these are 或those are注意： this is 不能缩写2. 用来回指上文提到的事情时，可用this 或 that，但是若要指下文叙述的事情，通常只能用 this：She sang a song and this that surprised me. 她唱了一首歌，这让我很吃惊。I want to know this: Is he healthy? 我想知道这一点：他是否很健康。3. 在打电话时，通常用 this 指自己，用 that 指对方，而不用I 指代我、you指代你。Hello. This is Jim. Is that John? 喂,我是吉姆,你是约翰吗?但在美国英语中指对方时也可用 this。4. 除用作代词外，this 和that 都可用作副词，与形容词或副词连用，其义为“这么”、“那么”(=so)：Its about this (that) high. 大约这(那)么高。Is it this hot every day? 每天都有这么热吗?5. 指示代词具有名词和形容词性质，既可指人也可指物。指示代词在句中作主语时，指物指人均可；但作其他句子成分时只能指物，不能指人。作形容词时，相当于the, 不能与the同时出现。（对)That is my teacher.那是我的老师。（ that作主语，指人） (对)He is going to marry this girl.他要和这个姑娘结婚。（this作限定词） (错)He is going to marry this.（this作宾语时不能指人） (对)I bought this.我买这个。(this指物，可作宾语)6.当含有this 或that的特殊疑问句指人时，其回答仍可以用this 或that; 但不指人时，单数用it，复数用they回答。回答指示代词作主语的一般疑问句时，不管指示代词是指人还是指物，答语中都用it 或they。如:Whos that ? Thats Li Ling.Whats this? Its a cup.What are those? They are pens.指示代词练习一、英汉互译。1. 这支钢笔 2. 那些英语书 3. these erasers 4. that car二、选择题。1. Whos knocking on the door? _ Tom.A. Its B. Shes C. Hes D. His2. I dont like _shoes.A. these B. this C. that D. thats 3. I like _pants. _are red.A. these, that B. these, these C. that, this D. those, this一、用所给词的适当形式填空。1. That is not _ kite. That kite is very small, but _ is very big. ( I )2. The dress is _. Give it to _. ( she )3. Is this _ watch? (you) No, its not _ . ( I )4. _ is my brother. _ name is Jack. Look! Those stamps are _. ( he )5. _ dresses are red. (we) What colour are _? ( you )6. Here are many dolls, which one is _ ? ( she )7. I can find my toy, but wheres _? ( you )8. Show _ your kite, OK? (they)9. I have a beautiful cat. _name is Mimi. These cakes are _. ( it )10. Are these _ tickets? No, _ are not _. _ arent here. ( they ) 11. Shall _ have a look at that classroom? That is _ classroom. ( we )12. _ is my aunt. Do you know _ job? _ is a nurse. ( she )13. That is not _ camera. _is at home. ( he )14. Where are _? I cant find _. Lets call _ parents. ( they )15. Dont touch _. _ not a cat, _ a tiger!16. _ sister is ill. Please go and get _. ( she )17. _ dont know her name. Would you please tell _. ( we )18. So many dogs. Lets count _. ( they )19. I have a lovely brother. _ is only 3. I like _ very much. ( he )20. May I sit beside _? ( you )21. Look at that desk. Those book are on _. ( it ）22.The girl behind _ is our friend. (she )23. I need _(you) help.24. I cant finish cleaning without _(you) help.25. _(they) books are quite new while _ (I) is old.26. _(she) asked _(I) to help _(she).二、选择。1. _ pen is red. _ pen