定语从句高中初中通用教案.doc

定语从句一定义22.关系代词33.关系副词（relative adverb）54.定语从句中，只用that不用which的情况。65.定语从句中，只用which不用that的情况。76.prep+关系代词：81.prep+which(指物)/whom(指人)82.prep+which=when/where83.of + which =whose94.for which=why95. way和time 后接定语从句的特殊情况9其他要点10Attributive clause(定语从句)一定义：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句，相当于一个句子做形容词修饰先行词。如：1) The man who lives next to us is a policeman.2) You must do everything that I do.上面两句中的man和everything是定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词，定语从句放在先行词的后面1.Structure: 先行词 + 关系词 + 从句 (antecedent) (subordinate clause) 关系词常有三个作用：1、引导定语从句 2、代替先行词 3、在定语从句中担当一个成分2.关系词：关系代词(relative pronoun) 关系副词(relative adverb) that when（时间） who/whom/whose where（地点） which why (原因)2.关系代词关系代词先行词例句在从句中的成分that人/物Do you know the girl that is crying?She has got a computer that Tom gave her. SO(可省)who/whom人I dont know the teacher who/that is talking to Lily.The girl whom/who/that I just talked with is Lucy.The girl to whom I spoke is a student. S O(可省) Owhose(起所有格的作用，表示.的)人/物The boy whose father is a doctor studies very hard.The house whose window is broken is Mr Greens.Attribute(定语)which物H1N1 is a disease which caused many deaths.S 在定语从句中，先行词是人，关系代词在从句中作宾语时，既可用who也可用whom,但是当关系代词紧跟在介词后时只能用whom, that 不能做介词宾语。Practice: you need to circle the antecedent,analyse the relative pronouns function in the subordinate clause.1. He is the man car was stolen.2. I want to borrow the book you showed me yesterday.3. This is the man wanted to see you.4. The man i met in the street told not to go there.5.The man with i travelled couldnt speak chinese.6. The man i travelled with is my teacher 7. There are still many people living conditions are poor.8. The TV play is about a true story happened in Japan.3.关系副词（relative adverb）关系副词先行词例句在从句中的作用When时间I still remember the day when you left for Beijing.状语Where地点This is the school where I work.状语Why原因Could you explain the reason why you were late?状语Ps:在定语从句中，关系代词、关系副词起连接先行词和从句的作用，都在从句中作一定成分。当从句缺少主语或宾语时，用关系代词Eg. Do you still remember the days we spent in Qingdao? Do you still remember the days we spent summer holiday in Qingdao？practice1.I cant forget the time the earthquake happened in Wenchuan.2. Have you ever been to the new book shop is just opened here.3.Last summer they went to lu xuns hometown and visited the house he was born.4.This is my house windows faces to the south.5.He will never forget the night she came to see him.6.I still remember the years we spent together. 7. The reason I came here is that I wanted to help you. 4.定语从句中，只用that不用which的情况。1.当先行词是不定代词（indefinite pronoun）all,much,little,something,anything,everything,nothing,none,the one时 You should hand in all that you have. Do you have anything that you want to say for yourself?2.当先行词前面有the only,any,few,little,no,all,the very,(恰恰，正好)the same等词修饰时 This is the very book that Im looking for. The only thing that I can do is to keep scilent.3.当先行词是形容词最高级(superlative degree)、序数词(ordinal numbers)时或者先行词的前面有形容词最高级、序数词修饰时 This is the best that has been used against pullution. This is the most interesting film that Ive ever seen. What is the first American movie that you have seen?4.当先行词既有人又有物时Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about?5.当主句是以疑问词who,which开头的特殊疑问句来头时 Which is the bike that you lost? Who is the boy that won the game?6.当先行词在主句中作表语，而关系代词也在从句中作表语时 Shanghia is no longer the city that it used to be.5.定语从句中，只用which不用that的情况。1.关系代词前有介词时Ill never forget the day on which I joined the army.2.引导非限制性定语从句（non-defining attributive clause）时,且做宾语时不可省 Football, which is an interesting game,is very popular.3.先行词本身是that时 Whats that which flashed in the sky just now? 4.先行词后插入语(parenthesis)时 Here is the English grammar book which, as I have told you, will help improve your English.5.定语从句中，先行词是人，只用who而不用that的情况。当先行词有较长的后置定语或先行词在被分割的定语从句中时 Professor Smith is coming soon who will give us a speech.6.prep+关系代词：1.prep+which(指物)/whom(指人) 1.当介词放在关系代词前时,关系代词只能是which/whom,且关系代词不能省 Is this the house in which a murder happened? The man about whom you told me yesterday proved to be a thief.2.当介词位于定语从句末尾时，可用that/which（指物），that/who/whom（指人）作介词的宾语，而且作介词宾语的关系代词可以省 This is the hero (who/ that/ whom)we are proud of. This is the pen (that/which) I like to write with.PS.在一些固定搭配的动词短语中，由于动词和介词不可分割，因此不能把介词置于关系代词之前像listen to, look at, take care of等固定短语动词，在定语从句中一般不宜将介词与动词分开。例如：This is the boy whom she has taken care of.This is the earring which Im looking for. 2.prep+which=when/whereThis is the town in which /where I used to live.This is the room where (in which) I lived last year. 这就是我去年住过的房间。Is this the classroom where(=in which) the old worker is going to make/give us a report? 这就是那位老工人要给我们做报告的教室吗I would never forget that day on which /when my father came back.3.of + which =whoseDo you like the book whose color is yellow?=Do you like the book the color of which is yellow?4.for which=whyThe reason why/for which i was late is that my bike is broken.5. way和time 后接定语从句的特殊情况a, 当先行词是way意为“方式，方法”时，引导词有以下三种形式：I dont understand the way in which/that/不填 they worked out the problem.b, 先行词是time 并意为“次数”时，应用that引导定语从句，that可省；若意为“一段时间”时，应用关系副词when或介词at/during + which 引导定语从句，引导词不可省。 This is the second time (that) the president has invited the country. This was at a time when/ during which there were no