传媒科学专业外语整理资料.doc

Animation动画片artificial lighting人工光back projection背景播放cast演员阵容cinematography电影摄影close-up特写镜头close shot近景costume服装cut out/cut in切出切入detective film侦探片documentary纪录片director导演dissolve-out/dissolve-in化入化出dolly in/dolly out近摄远摄headline标题/摘要dubbing/lip synchronization配音establishing shot远景freeze frame定格定帧full shot全景jump cut跳切跳跃剪辑natural set自然景negative底片newsreel新闻片screenplay电影剧本script剧本slow motion慢动作telephoto lens摄远镜头voice-over画外音旁白wardrobe服装wipe-out/wipe-in划出划入affair/sex scandal桃色新闻绯闻backgrounding新闻背景columnist专栏作家deadline截稿时间editorial社论feature特写专稿journalism新闻学mass communication大众传播(学)update更新(新闻内容)， wire/news service增强(时效性), news agency通讯社camera operator摄像costrme道具make up化妆producer制片人crew制作团队presenter主持人schedule日程communication传播audio-visual视听print media平面媒体signs/symbols符号performing arts表演艺术inter-personal人际交流myths神话public relation公共关系portfolio代表作选辑nominee提名人reality program真人秀节目cinematographer摄影师soap肥皂剧talk show脱口秀talk show host脱口秀主持人feature film故事片British Academy Film and TV awards英国电影电视学院奖Audience ratings收视率Ceremony典礼Primetime黄金时间Daytime television program日播电视节目Outstanding supporting actor/actress最佳男/女配角奖Outstanding lead actor/actress最佳男/女主角奖Miniseries迷你剧Comedy喜剧Drama戏剧Variety综艺节目Wall street华尔街Madison Avenue迈迪逊大街Capitol美国国会大厦capitol洲议会大厦Capitol Hall国会Barrdway百老汇大街Davning Street唐宁街Buckingham palace白金汉宫Windsor温莎堡White House白宫Mosoow莫斯科Fleet Street 伦敦舰队街Hollywood好莱坞Uncle Sam Uncle John山拇大叔Donkey驴Elephant大象Dove鸽子Hawk鹰Kremlim克林姆林宫Elysee palace艾利舍宫Peatagon美国五角大楼Oval office椭圆teen(between)青少年doc(doctor)医生dembo(demobilize)复员hood(neighborhood)邻近地区Net（Internet)因特网dozer(bulldozer)推土机pop(popular)流行的 info(information)信息vet(veterean)有经验的web(world wide web)万维网seniors(seniors citizens)老年人CD(compact disk)光盘IMF(International Monetary Fund)国际货币基金组织G.I.Joe(Government Issue Joe)美国男兵EU(EUropen Unin)欧盟NATO(North Atlantic Treaty Organization)北大西洋公约HAWK(Homing All The WAY Killing)远程指导导弹OPEC(Oranization of Petroleum Exporting Countries)石油输出国家组织ROM(Read Only Memory)只读存储器UFO(Unidentified Flying Object)不名飞行物1During those years, it has been controlled, for the most part, by the broadcast networks, ABC, NBC, and CBS, who have been the major purveyors of news, information, and entertainment.那些年，ABC NBC CBS三家传媒公司掌控了大部分的网络传媒业。他们是新闻、信息以及娱乐资讯的主要提供商。2.Advertisers sometimes haggle over how much they will pay to reach viewers, yet the effectiveness of their message is even more important than the cost.有时候，广告商在做广告所需的花费上讨价还价，然而他们所提供的信息的影响力要比花费重要的多。3.In the past, a summer rerun of a sitcom would bring in a rating about 70 percent as high as when the episode first aired.过去，一次夏季重播的收视率高首播的百分之七十。4.Consequently, commercial media organizations must cater to the needs of advertisers and produce audience-maximizing products (hence the heavy doses of sex-and-violence content) while those media institutions whose revenues are controlled by the dominant political institutions or by the state gravitate towards a middle ground, or towards the heartland of the prevailing consensus.因此，广告传媒组织必须迎合广告商的需要并且满足受众的口味（包含相当程度的色情、暴力内容）。而那些广告机构的税收是被主要的政治机构以及州议会所控制的。他们需要采取一种中立态度，或者趋向于迎合流行的需要。5.It reveals a society willing to accept flaws in political leaders just as it accepts them in movie and sports stars and, experts say, in themselves.它暴露了社会希望接受这些政治领导人的错误，如专家所说，正像接受电影明星、体育明星和他们自己的错误一样。6.These “New Deal” women, as Ms. Grossbard-Shechtman calls them, are now becoming eligible for early retirement but are “more committed to their career and less likely to opt for early retirement than women of the Depression generation.”正如Grossbard-Shechtman女士所称呼的一样，新一代女性正在变成适合提前退休的一代。但是与压抑的一代女性相比，他们更愿意在职业生涯上多做一些奉献而不愿提前退休。7.On most cameras and projectors,loops are formed between the sprocket wheel,which drives the film ,and the film gate to supply the needed slack.在大多数摄影机和放映机上，都是在传传送胶片的输片齿轮和片门 形成一个缓冲弯，来提供所需要的松弛部分。8.Inediting ,the image can shift from one persons point of view to anothers ,it can change locles around the world ,it can move througe time.在剪辑，画面可以从一个人的观点转成另一个人视点，也可以换成世界各处的地点，可以跨越时间的控制。9.Sergei Eisenstein,the most renowned of the early soviet filmmakers,claimed that film space was the constructed space of montage ,not the space photographed in the shot .苏联早期最有声望的影片制作者，谢尔盖.爱森斯坦曾断言：电影空间是蒙太奇构成的空间，而不是镜头中拍摄的空间。10.InPotemkin(1925) ,Eisenstein extendcd time by should a crying baby in a carriage tcetering on the edge of a steep flight of stairs ang then cutting to other shots before returning to the baby .Suspengas neigntened by prdenging the event.Real time can also be condensed,Cutting from a horse race to a reaction shot of the croud (a shot away from the main action iscalled a cutaway)and then back to the race allows a large portion of the race to de deleted . 在1925年的作品波森斯坦战舰中，爱森斯坦拍摄了一个在陡峭的楼梯上正在晃动的摇篮里的婴孩，在镜头切回到婴儿前，他切入了一些其他镜头，这样爱森斯坦延伸了时间。11.Today montage theory underlies much advertisting and some experimental films.今天的蒙太奇理论成为了许多广告和一些实验电影的基础。12.Usually both diction and documentary sequences are match cut to appear continuous.通常的故事片和纪录片片段都是一种匹配剪辑以便镜头是连续的。13.A larger change in image size or angle could make the same cut in action seem natural.图象或是拍摄角度上的较大变化会使在同一个动作上的剪辑看上去更自然。14.Not only did these jump cuts comment on nature of film space,but they also created exciting rhythms that seemed to express the feeling of modern life.这些跳切镜头不仅说明了电影空间的实质，而且也创造出似乎表现现代生活情调的令人兴奋的节奏。15.Many filmmakers like to join two sequences together with a straight cut(that is,one follows directly from the other with no effects)许多电影制作者喜欢将两个镜头直切连接。（就是说一个镜头在不使用特技的条件下直接跟着另一个镜头。）16.It is not unusual to see a contemporary movie with on effects other than a fade-out and fade-in uer the most common connection betheen sequences .Now a fade-out is sometimes folloued by a pop in.(a straight cut in)当代的电影，除了在影片的开头有淡入和结尾有淡出以外，再没有其他效果的并不少见。在过去，淡出和淡入是两个段落间最简单的连接。现在一个淡出有时跟着一个直接切换（一个直接切入）17.One theory is that the sale price be 20 to 25 percent of the gross for two prime-time network showings with a bottom-line figure around *250000.一种理论认为，影片在黄金时间播出两次，它的售价就应该是票房总收入的20百分之至25百分之。底价为25万美元左右。18.This means that after youre shot the theatroal version of such a scene,modify it to comply with television censorship and shoot it again. 这就是说在你拍完影院版本的这种镜头后，要为适应电视审查而对场景做一下调整，然后再重拍供电视用的镜头。19.The number of mixed-race unions has increased from 150,000 in 1960 to over 1.5 million today,the number of multiracial leids has boomed to more than 2 million.混合种族的联姻已经从1960年代的15万增长到当今的超过1500万对，多血缘的孩子数目已经爆炸式地增长到2000万。20.Warren Boatty-American motion-picture（男主演）,actor producer,screenw riter（剧本）,and direater（导演） .Buluorth is a film he writes,directs,produces and stars as Jay Bulworth.It is about a desaperate U.S senator（参议员） who hiros a hit man to killhimself in order to boost his own image and gain public sympathy and support.21.These often prove to be lucrative markets ewn for low-budget film with a bottom-line figue for all there rights being around *150000.所有这些权利的最低售价达15万美元左右，因此即使对低预算影片来讲，它们往往也证明是有利可图的市场。22.If your picture contains scenes that may not pass the television censors such as those involving nudity,excessive violence,or unacceptable language ,it is important to shoot television “cover” shots during production .如果你的镜头中包括一些不能在电视审片员那里通过的镜头就想那些裸体镜头，过分暴力镜头，或不能接受的语言，在节目的制作过程中拍摄些备用镜头 就是至关重要的。 广告的定义Definition:美国市场营销协会AMA Advertising is the non personal communication of information usually paid for and usually persuasive in nature about the products, services or ideas by identified sponsors through the various media.广告的功能:信息功能（Information Function）唤起需要功能（Demand Creation Function）说服功能（Persuasive Function）促使行动功能（Get Action Function）扶植信用功能（Goodwill Establishment Function）广告中的创意:People do not buy “things”. They buy satisfaction of their wants and needs. For this reason, it is vital for the copywriter to look beyond the product itself to the motives of the people who buy it. The following statements have illustrated the importance of analyzing consumer interests, as well as product Characteristics.切Cut：The cut is the most commonly used transition. It is an instantaneous change from one shot to another. When it is made correctly it is not consciously noticed.Of all the three transition, the cut is what the audience has learned to accept as a form of visual reality.叠加The Mix：The mix is also known as the “dissolve”, or the “lap”, this is the second most commonly used transition from one shot to shot, the beginning of the next shot becomes gradually more visible. As the old shot becomes more faint, the new shot becomes stronger.黑场The fade：The fade is a gradual transition from any image to either a completely black or white screen, or from a black or white screen to any image.1. the fade out is the transition of the image to black screen.2. the fade in (fade up) the transition from black screen to the image.连续镜头，长镜头Footage：The raw material with which the editor works. It is a general name given to the processed images, either on video tape that has a recording on it, or on exposed and chemically developed film. It is packaged in different ways.镜头Shot：A shot is a series of pictures of an