高一英语必修一unit3知识点及测试.doc

Unit3 单词1. _ n.日记；杂志；定期刊物 _ n.记者2. _ n.& vt.运送；运输 _ n. 运输;运输工具3. _ vt.更喜欢；选择某事物（而不选择其他事物） _ n.偏爱；优先4. _ vt.说服；劝说 _ adj.有说服力的 _ n.说服;说服力5. _ vi. 骑自行车; _ vi.重复利用；vt.使用循环6. _ vi.毕业；n.大学毕业生7. _ vt.组织；成立 _ adj.有组织的 _ n.组织；机构8. _ vt.决定；确定；下定决心 _ adj.坚决的；有决心的 _ n.坚定；坚决9. _ n.旅行；旅程 10. _ n.海拔高度；高处11. _ n. 态度；看法12. _ adj.可信赖的；可靠的 _ _ n.可信赖性；可靠度 _ adv.确实；可靠地1.ever_ 从那以后2. _ sb. to do sth. 劝说某人做某事3.be _ of 喜爱；喜欢4.care _ 关心；惦念；忧虑5.change ones _ 改变主意6.make up ones _ 下决心；决定 7.give _ 投降；屈服；让步8. _ usual 照常9. _ midnight 在午夜重点句型：1.Ever since middle school, my sister Wang Wei and I _ _ _ taking a great bike trip. 从高中起，我姐姐王薇和我就一直梦想作一次了不起的自行车旅行。 2. _ was my sister _ first had the idea to cycle along the entire Mekong River from where it begins to where it ends. 首先想到沿湄公河从源头到终点骑车旅游的是我的姐姐。3.When I told her the air would _ _ _ _ and it would be very cold, she said it would be an interesting experience. 当我告诉她那里空气稀薄，呼吸困难，而且天气很冷时，她却说这将是一次有趣的旅行。重点词汇：1.persuade vt.说服；劝说I was able to persuade him to buy a colour TV set at last.最后我总算说服他去买了一台彩色电视机。Can you persuade her out of her foolish plans?你能劝说她放弃她愚蠢的计划吗？常用结构:persuade sb. of sth.使某人相信某事persuade sb. to do sth.=persuade sb. into doing sth. 说服某人做某事persuade sb. not to do sth.=persuade sb. out of doing sth. 说服某人不要做某事persuade sb. that . 使某人相信try to persuade sb. to do sth.=advise sb. to do sth.建议某人做某事（未说服）【即学即练】完成句子我如何能让你相信我是真诚的？ How can I _ _ _ my sincerity？ 妈妈最终说服我不参加这次聚会。 My mother finally _ _ _ _ _ to the party. 我已经说服他戒烟了。 I have persuaded him _ _ _ .用法点拔： persuade意为“说服，劝服”，含有“劝说”成功的含义。如果“劝说”不成功，不能直接用persuade表示，而要用try to persuade，advise或persuade 的否定形式表示。【即学即练】单项填空Mr Li no longer smokes now because his wife _ him to give up smoking last year. A. suggested B. advised C. persuaded D. told2.determine vt.决定；下定决心;确定Attitude determines everything. 态度决定一切。What you said determined me to work on here.你的话使我决定继续在这儿工作。The court determined that the man was guilty of robbery. 法庭裁定那个人犯了抢劫罪。 常用结构：determine sth. 决定某事 determine onupon决定；决心determine to do sth决定做某事(表示动作，是非延续性动词短语)determine thatwhat.决定be determined to do sth决心做某事(表示状态，可与表示时间段的状语连用)【即学即练】完成句子收入决定一个人的生活水平。 Income _ ones standard of living. 我决定要成为一名爵士乐音乐家。 I _ _ _ make it as a jazz musician. 我已经决定毕业后到农村去。 I _ _ _ going to the countryside after graduation.我想知道是什么使她最终下定决心嫁给他的。 I wonder what _ _ _ marry him in the end.用法点拔：be determined to do与determine to do 意思基本一致，但前者表示状态，可与某段时间状语连用；后者表示动作，是非延续性的动词短语。这类结构常考查分词作状语的用法。类似的短语还有：prepare forbe prepared for，worry aboutbe worried about等。【即学即练】单项填空At the age of twenty he left his hometown, _ to return without making his mark.A.determining notB.not determined C.determined not D.not determining3.insist v. 坚持；坚决要求用法点拨： insist 意为“坚持要求（做某事）”时，后面的从句用虚拟语气，谓语用“should+动词原形”的形式, should可省略；insist 意为“坚持认为，坚持某种观点”时，从句的动词时态根据具体的语境变化，不用虚拟语气。You can come back later, if you insist.如果你一定要坚持，你就稍后再来吧。He insisted that he hadnt made a mistake. 他坚持认为自己没有犯错。【联想拓展】suggest （建议）/order（命令）/ request（要求，请求）/require（要求）/recommend(建议)/ urge(催促,力劝)等词后的宾语从句的谓语动词要用虚拟语气，即：(should)+动词原形，且should可省略。常用结构：insist on/upon +sth.坚持某事insist on/upon +(sbs) doing要求（某人）做某事insist that.(should)+动词原形 坚持【即学即练】完成句子我仍然坚持我的观点。 I still _ _ my viewpoint.他坚持要付饭钱。 He insisted on _ _ the meal.我们坚持要他来参加聚会。 We insisted that he _ to the party.【易混辨析】insist on/stick toinsist on/upon表示“坚持要干某事”，是对要求、看法、意见或主张的“坚持”；on/upon是介词，后接名词或动名词。stick to多用于口语，指坚持“原则、意见、诺言、理想”等，也可以指坚守工作岗位，遵守纪律、法律等。其中to为介词，后接名词或动名词，不接不定式。【即学即练】单项填空The man insisted _ a taxi for me even though I told him I lived nearby. （原创） A. find B. to find C. on finding D. in findingHe is a person who always _ his promise, so you can trust him. A. insists onB. sticks to C. stick toD. insist on4.once adv.一次；曾经 conj.一旦 n.一次，一回Once you start, you will never give up. 一旦你开始了，就不要放弃。Once he lived in America, but now he lives in England. 他曾经在美国生活，但现在他生活在英国。The old professor comes to see us once a week. 那个老教授一周来看我们一次。用法点拨： once用作连词时，意为“一旦就”，连接时间状语从句，相当于as soon as。once用作副词时,意为“曾经;一度;从前”。它是一个不确定的时间副词,其位置一般是在行为动词之前,系动词之后。once用作副词,也可意为“一次”。常用结构：at once 立刻；马上 once again 再一次；又一次（相当于once more）all at once 突然（相当于suddenly)once upon a time很早以前；从前 once in a while偶尔；间或【即学即练】完成句子把那个故事再给我们讲一遍。 Tell us the story _ _ .从前有个国王,他有三个女儿。 _ _ _ _ there lived a king who had three daughters.他有时去探望他们。 He went to see them _ _ _ _ . 单项填空 _ environmental damage is done, it takes many years for the ecosystem (生态系统) to recover. （原创） A.Even if B.If only C.While D.Once5. view n. 风景；视野；观点；见解 vt. 观看；注视；考虑Youll get a fine view of the town from the top of the hill.从山顶上你可以相当清楚地看到这个城镇的全景。What are your views on this matter?你对这个事件有什么看法？In my view，the man didnt tell the truth.我认为这人没说实话。I am sure you will view the matter in the right light.我相信你会正确估量这件事的。【速记名片】常用结构：in ones view 在某人看来 come into view 进入视野；看得见in full view (of sb./sth.) 把尽收眼底in view of sth. 鉴于;考虑到;由于with a view to sth.to doing sth. 为了,指望做某事【即学即练】完成句子 在我看来，理论和社会实践应该同时加强。 _ _ _ , social theory and practice should be strengthened at the same time .拐个弯儿就可以看到村子了。 The village _ _ _ _ at the next turn.单项填空On the top of this mountain, you can get a wonderful _ of the nearby hills. （2010山西太原五中检测） A.sight B.view C.distance D.look6.care about 关心；忧虑；惦念Family members should always care about each other.一家人应该互相关心。She always cares about losing her job.她总是担心丢掉她的工作。【联想拓展】care for 喜爱；照顾；重视 take care 当心take care of 照料;关怀;处理with care 小心, 慎重under the care of 由管理；在的照料下；在的保护下【即学即练】完成句子她不喜欢那种颜色。 She doesnt _ _ that colour当心！ 前面危险！ _ _ ! Theres danger ahead!要记得保暖，然后照顾好自己！ Keep warm and _ _ _ yourselves！易碎品，小心“轻”放！ Fragile; handle _ _ !Would you care to go for a walk?你愿意去散步吗?当后面跟wh-clause从句时，表示“对介意”。I dont care what you think. 我不在乎你在想什么。另外，care还可以作名词，表示“小心；照顾；烦恼”。【即学即练】单项填空That old man is so greedy (贪婪的) that he _ nothing but money, not even his relatives. （原创） A. look about B. search for C. cares about D. takes care of7. give in 屈服；让步；投降The enemies were forced to give in.敌人被迫投降了。Its time to give in your examination papers. 到了你交试卷的时间了。用法点拨： give in 意为“上交”时，为及物动词，当代词作宾语时，要放在give与in之间，如：give them in;意为“让步，投降”时，为不及物动词,后面接介词to, 如：give in to sb./sth.。常用结构：give in (to sb./sth.) 向让步give up sth./doing 放弃（做）某事give away 赠送；泄露 give back 归还；恢复give off 放出，散发(光、热、烟、气味等)give out 分配；分发；发布；（食物，燃料，电力等）被用光；筋疲力尽【即学即练】完成句子“不要屈服,不要放弃,”我一直对自己说。 “Dont _ _. Dont give up,” I kept telling myself.请不要说出我的秘密! Please dont _ _ _ _ !鲜花散发出甜蜜的芳香。 The flowers _ _ a sweet fragrance.单项填空 It is always the husband who _ first when a quarrel breaks out between the young couple. （2010山东聊城检测） A. gives awayB. gives out C. gives in D. gives off 8.Which kind of transport do you prefer to use: bus or train?（P17）汽车和火车，你更喜欢使用哪种交通方式？prefer to更喜欢；认为胜过，不用于进行时。I prefer dogs to cats. 猫狗之中我更喜欢狗。I prefer speaking the truth to lying. 我宁愿讲实话而不愿说谎。Would you prefer that we put off our wedding till next month? 你是否更愿意把我们的婚礼推迟到下个月？用法点拨： prefer to也可用作prefer.to，意为“更喜欢；宁愿”。常用句型：prefer A to B意为“更喜欢做A而不喜欢做B”，句型本身含有比较级的意义，不能再与more或most连用。prefer doing A to doing B/prefer to do A rather than do B（rather than可以置于句首），意为“宁愿做A而不做B”。常用结构：prefer sth./doing sth.更喜欢（做）prefer to do sth. （表示特定场合下）更愿意做某事prefer sb. to do sth.宁愿某人做某事prefer doing to doing 宁愿而不愿prefer+that-clause (从句一般用虚拟语气)+(should)+do 宁愿【即学即练】完成句子我更喜欢独自做这事。 I _ _ _ on my own.你宁愿做他的朋友。 You _ _ _ his friend.我宁愿她不要来。 I _ _ _ _ come.我希望你不要在那里待得过久。 I prefer that _ _ _ there too long. 单项填空My sister _ singing _ dancing while I _ dance _ sing. （原创） A. prefers; to; would rather; than B. would rather; than; prefer; to C. prefers; rather than; would rather; to D. would rather; to; prefer; to 9.A determined person always tries to finish the job, no matter how hard it is.（P20） 有决心的人总是努力完成工作，无论它有多么困难。no matter how引导让步状语从句，意为“无论多么”，how后跟形容词或副词，相当于however+adj./adv.。No matter how hard he works, he can not get a promotion. 不管他工作多努力, 他就是得不到提升。No matter what you do, you must be very careful. 不管做什么事，你都必须非常细心。 用法点拨： no matter意为“无论；不管”时，引导让步状语从句，常用于下列句型中：no matter what (who/when etc.)表示“无论何事、何人、何时”等，从句可以置于主句之前,也可以置于主句之后。no matter后接关系代词或关系副词引导的状语从句在句中作让步状语。【易混辨析】no matter+关系代词/关系代词+ever当二者都引导让步状语从句时，可以互换，但只有后者可以引导名词性从句，前者不可。No matter what happened, he would not mind.=Whatever happened, he would not mind.不管发生什么，他都不在意。（错）Prisoners have to eat no matter what theyre given. （对）Prisoners have to eat whatever theyre given. 囚犯们只能给什么吃什么。 【即学即练】完成句子无论你是谁，我绝不让你进去。 _ _ _you are (=Whoever you are), Ill never let you in. 不论你选择哪一个，你都会满意的。 _ _ _you choose(=Whichever you choose), you will be satisfied. 无论我到哪里，我都会想着你。 _ _ _ I go (=Wherever I go), I will be thinking of you.单项填空 _ the problem may be, we must solve it ourselves. A. Whatever difficult B. How difficult C. However difficult D. No matter what difficult .单词拼写 1.As far as I know, many things have been t _ to Southeast Asian countries from all over the world.2.To my greatest joy, I p _ her to change her mind at the last moment.3.I wish you to say something p _ for the situation.4.His name is f _ to me, but I havent met him.5.What is your _ (态度) to this plan?6.She _ (坚持) on going to the park.7.To tell you the truth, Im _(决定) to leave my present work and set up a company of my own.8.This photo keeps _(记录) of the pleasant time of my staying with her.9.Would you please give us a few _(话题) to talk about at present?10.He is a _(勇敢的) boy and can keep calm before any danger.用方框内所给短语的适当形式填空ever since/make up ones mind/dream of/insist on/get interested in/be fond of/give in/care about/prefer to/change ones mind1.My little son _ playing practical jokes on me.2.Youre wasting your breath. I wont_ .3.No matter how they slander us, we will never_.4.Hes too self-absorbed(自私的) to _ us. 5. _then, he comes out only at night.6.He has _ to overcome his shortcomings. 7.Most students _ maths.8.He is _climbing the highest mountain.9.Rather than ride on a crowded bus, he always _ride a bicycle.10.I still _ my viewpoint.完成句子1.Just _ _ _ (让他们) finish up as soon as possible. （get）2.She _ _ _ (似乎不) like the idea. (seem)3.The car _ _ _ _ (很容易驾驶).(系动词adj.不定式)4. _ _ （一旦打开）, the food must be eaten up with three days. （once）5.Lets _ _ _ (看这个问题) at a different angle. (view)6. _ _ （像往常那样），he got up very early.（usual）7.I found this to be _ _ _ （一种可靠的牌子）of washing machines. （reliable）8.These different labours were happily ended _ _ （在半夜）.（midnight）9.When I was in trouble last year, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （是李平帮助了我）. (It is/was.whothat.)10.To make a plan is one thing, but _ _ _ _ _ _ （执行是另一件事）.(不定式作主语). 单项填空 1.You can get to Hong Kong using different kinds of _,by air, by water or by land. A. travelB. transport C. ways D. methods2.Tom _ me into giving up all plans for three weeks, but he failed at last. A. tried to persuade B. had tried to persuade C. persuadedD. had persuade 3.The leader insisted that we _ immediate action to solve the problem. A. would take B. will take C. took D. take4.Every morning, I can see an old man cycling _ the river ahead of my school. A. about B. with C. along D. onto5.He is so _ that no one can persuade him to change his mind. A. simpl