英语的前后缀全解.doc

倒 装主讲人:龚兰兰一、 概念英语句子的自然语序是主语在前，谓语在后。把谓语动词放在主语的前面，就叫倒装结构。二、分类倒装分为：全部倒装和部分倒装如果全部谓语放在主语之前，叫全部倒装；如果只把助动词放在主语前面，就叫部分倒装。三、意义:为了保持句子平衡，或为了强调表语或状语，或为了使上下文紧密衔接时。 They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of which sat a small boy . Inside the pyramid are the burial rooms for the kings and queens and long passage to these rooms. 四、用法 （一）完全倒装1用于there be 句型。There are many students in the classroom.2. 用于“here (there, now then)+不及物动词+主语”的句型中，或以out ,in, up, down, away,off等副词开头的句子里，以表示强调。Here comes the bus. There goes the bell .Now comes your turn. Out went the children.3当句首状语为表地点的介词短语时，也常引起全部倒装。South of the city lies a big steel factory .From the valley came a frightening sound. such作表语，译作“就是如此”Such was Albert Einstein.Such are the facts. 表语置于句首时，倒装结构为“表语+系动词+主语”。（1）形容词+系动词+主语Present at the meeting were Professor White ,Professor Smith and many other guests. (2) 分词+系动词+主语Gone are the days when they could do what they like to the Chinese people.Attending the meeting are Mr. Wang, Mr. Zhang, and Mr.Li.(3)介词短语+be+主语Among the goods are Christmas trees, flowers, candles and toys. (二)部分倒装 . 用于省略if 的虚拟条件状语从句里，把助动词were, had, should 提到句首。 Had you worked hard , you might have passed the examinations. . 用于“形容词（或名词、动词、副词）+as （though）”引导的让步状语从句中。 Pretty as she is, she is not clever. Try as he would, he might fail again. Carefully as he drove, he still had an accident.Child as he was, he had to make a living.用于no soonerthan, hardly (scarcely) when 和not until 句型中。No sooner had she gone out than the telephone rang.Not until the teacher came did he finish his homework. . 用于never, hardly, seldom, scarcely, barely, little, at no time, in no case, by no means, on no condition, on no account, not only, not once, many a time, often 等词开头的句子。 Never shall I do this again.Little did he know who the man was. 用于only 开头的句子（only放在句首，修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句等，如修饰主语，则不倒装）。 Only then did I realize my mistake. Only in this way can you master English. Only when he told me did I realize what trouble he was in.Only Wang Ling knows this. (only 修饰主语，不倒装).用于以may开头的表示祝愿的句子。May you succeed!May we never forget each other. 当“so (such)that”结构中的so或such位于句首时用倒装语序。 So frightened was she in the darkness that she didnt dare to move.Such was the force of explosion that all the windows were broken.用于so, nor, neither开头的句子，表示重复前句部分内容。原句的谓语应与当前句谓语的时态、形式相一致。He has been to Beijing ._. (我也去过北京.)He is a hard-working student. _(她也是) Li Lei cant answer the question. _can I.(我也不能)【重点提示】（1） 注意so he does, so does he 及he does so 的区别；so he does 意思为“他确实这样做了”，对前面第一个人所说的话加以证实，这里的he与上文提到的为同一个人；so does he 意思为“他也是这样的”，相当于he does ,too; 这里的he 与上文提到的为不同的人；he does so 意思为“按照-做了”，表示he按前面所提到的要求去做了。 Tom studies very hard . _.(他的确如此)The teacher wanted me to come to school early and _.(我照做了)(2)在以so , nether ,nor 起首的句型中，助动词要与前面一句话中的助动词一致。如果前面的句子中含有两个以上的不同的助动词，一般用So it is (was) with / It is (was) the same withe.g. My sister is a teacher and she likes singing. _.(我的姐姐也是如此)1. On no account _ such a silly decision.A. will we agree to B. we will agree to C. will we agree with D. we will agree with2. Matter is always changing and so _.A. the world is B. is the world C.does the world changing D. is the world changing3. Only in the library _ the book. A. we can get B.can we get C.can get we D.we get4. Up went prices, _.A.came down the living standard B.the living standard cane downC.down came the living standard D. down the living standard came5. In _and the meeting began.A. he came B. are C.is D.be6. In the far distance _.A. were the wonderful light of the city seenB. were seen the wonderful lights of the cityC. the wonderful lights of the city were seenD. was seen the wonderful lights of the city7. To the list of famous inventors _.A. may be the following names added B. may be added the following namesC may the following names be added D. may the following names add8. Little _ about his future boss.A. he knew B. did he know C. knew he D. does he know9. _ , you cant lift the heavy box up.A. Even you are strong B. Strong as you are C. How strong you are D. As you are strong10. - I never thought the film would be so sad.- _.A. No, neither did I B. Yes, I also never thoughtC. Yes, so did I D. No, I didnt neither11. _ for your laziness, you could have finished your homework by now.A. Had it not been B. It were not C. Werent it D. Had not it been12. I failed in the final examination last term and only then _ the importance of studies.A. I realized B. I had realized C. had I realized D. did I realize13.I have been living in the United States for twenty years, but seldom _ so lonely as now A.have I felt B. I had felt C. I have felt D. had I felt14. In the dark forests _, some large enough to hold several English towns.A. stand many lakes B. lie many lakes C. many lakes lie D. many lakes stand15.So difficult _ it to work out the problem that I decided to ask Tom for advice. A.I did find B. did I find C.I have found D. have I found16 At the foot of the mountain _. A. a village lie B. lies a village C. does a village lie D. lying a village17 -The computer was used in teaching. As a result, not only _, but students became more interested in the lessons. A. saved was teachers energy B. was teachers energy saved C. teachers energy was saved D. was saved teachers energy18.- How was the televised debate last night? - Super! Rarely _ so much media attention. A .a debate attracted B. did a debate attractC. a debate did attract D. attracted a debate19. Two hours away from the tall building of New York _.A. some of