Unit3 Message of the Land现代大学英语精读ppt课件.ppt

MessageoftheLandPiraSudham 1 Reinforcement TextAnalysis Unit3 MessageoftheLand Background Warmingup W B T R MessageoftheLand Questions Check onPreview Objectives Warmingup Unit3 3 Warmingup Questions W B T R Whatdoes land meantoyou Whatarethedifferencesamong land soil and earth 4 materialinthetoplayerofthesurfaceoftheearthinwhichplantscangrow土地 territoryoverwhichruleorcontrolisexercised国土 thesolidpartoftheearth ssurface陆地 earth是相对于天空或太空而言的 地面 land是指地球表面相对于海洋而言时的 地面 ground指人们在上面行走的地面或具有一定面积限度的空地 soil主要表示栽培植物的 土壤 也可引申为 国土 国度 Questions 5 Check onPreview Markeachofthestatements T fortrueor F forfalse Thefarmerinheritedthelandfromhisfatherandwantedtopassitdowntohischildren Thewomanlovedherchildrendearlyandwasveryconcernedabouttheirlifeawayfromhome whileherhusbanddidnotcareabit Thevillagersusedtogrowtheirownfood maketheirowncrafts anddigtheirownwell butnowtheyhavetohirepeopletodoeverything Thewomandislikedmostofthechangeshappeninginhervillageandwantedeverythingasithadbeen Wecaninferthattheauthorcriticizestheoldcoupleforbeingold fashioned stubborn andunabletoadjustthemselvestothechanges W B T R Warmingup 6 Objectives W B T R Masterthelanguageitemslisted Knowsomethingabouttheauthorandhisworks Appreciatethewritingstyleandmetaphorsused Thinkaboutsuchtopicsasurbanizationandglobalizationandformyourownopinions Warmingup 7 Background Genre Author B W T R Unit3 MessageoftheLand 8 Background AuthorLife B W T R BorninaremoteEsarnvillageinThailandFirstlanguageLaoTempleboyinBangkok曼谷at14Thailand stopuniversityScholarshiptoNewZealandtostudyEnglish30 yearodysseythroughNewZealand Australia HongKong theUK Germany andSwitzerlandRetiredtoasolitarylifeinhishomevillagein1997 helpingneedystudentsandteachersinaprivateschoolwithfundssetupbyhimself PiraSudham 1942 9 Background HisWorks B W T R SiameseDrama laterrenamedTalesofThailand 1983 PeopleofEsarn 1987 MonsoonCountry 1988 TheForceofKarma 2002 10 PeopleofEsarnPiraSudhamconveystheinnervoicesofhissubjectsregardlessofhowilliterate timidandinsignificanttheyseemintheirdailylives Theirsimplicityandsensitivitycomethroughhisdirectandclearprose yetmovingandtouching Hewriteswithunderstandingandcompassionforhispeople ForeignwriterswritingabouttheThaipeoplelookatThailandfromtheoutside butPiraSudhamwritesabouthispeopleandcountryasseenfromtheinside Thisisoneofthethingsthatmakesthemsofascinating HisWorks 11 MonsoonCountryItdepictstheproblemsofsocialtransitioninpresentdayThailandandgivesinsightsintoThailifeintheruralnortheast ItissetinThailand EnglandandGermanytoconveytheculturaltensionbetweentheEastandtheWest theclashesbetweenthenewpowersandtheoldvalues coveringthespanof25yearsofthesocial economicandpoliticalchangesoccurringinThailand HisWorks 12 Background HisInfluence B W T R OneofThailand sbestknownnovelistsNomineeofthe1990NobelPrizeofLiterature DavidofThailand Sudham sworksareconcernedwithsocial economic politicalchangesoccurringinThailand Widelyreadandhighlyacclaimed hisbookshavegivenavoicetothepoorandthevoiceless Thesimplicityandsensitivityofthepoorandthelowcomethroughhisdirectandclearprose yetmovingandtouching 13 IfIhadnotleftmyvillagethen Iwouldhavebeensubject likemostvillagers tothemercyofnature floods drought disease ignoranceandscarcity Withendurance Iwouldhaveacceptedthemasmyownfate assomethingIcannotgoagainstinthislife InmymindIcarrymemoriesofchildhood oflifeinvillages muchasapregnantwomancarryingachild Everydaytheseimagesgrow andIknowthatonedayIshallhavetogivebirthtothemthroughthemediumofwriting Besides Idon twantpeopleinourvillages sofarremovedfromotherpeoplesbecauseofdistanceandpoverty tobeborn sufferandtodieinvain PiraSudham sOwnWords 14 Bangkok Bangkok isthecapitalandlargestcityofThailand Bangkokisoneofthefastest growing mosteconomicallydynamicandsociallyprogressivecitiesinSoutheastAsia Butitsuffersfromsocialproblemsasaresultofitsrapidgrowth Itisalsooneoftheworld smostpopulartouristdestinations 15 Bangkok BangkokistheeconomiccenterofThailand Tourismisamajorsourceofrevenue ThecitycontainsmanyBuddhisttemples knowninThaiasWats Thecityisafamousjewelrycenter buyingandsellingsilverandbronzeware 16 17 ThaiBuddhism BuddhismisThailand smainreligion 94 ofThaipeopleareBuddhist BuddhismislinkedwiththehistoricalIndianprince SiddhartaGautama 释迦牟尼 whobecametheBuddhaandreachedtheenlightenment Nowhisteachingsarestillfollowed Histeachingssaythatpeoplesufferbecausetheyareattachedtomaterialthings towomenormenbyheartlinks Theselinkscausesuffer jealousyandpain Peopleareneversatisfied i e theywantmoremoney morepower TheaimofBuddhismistogetridofthesepainsandoftheselinks 18 ThaiBuddhism Ifyouhavedonegooddeedsinyourlife nextlifewillbebetter Ifyouhavedonebaddeeds nextlifewillbeharsh 19 MonksinThailand Monks lifeisbasedon227monastic m n st k 僧侣的rulesand5majorprecepts i e nosex nolies norobbery noalcohol nokilling Aboyisnotamanifhehasn tbeenamonkonceinhislife EventheKingofThailandRama9 罗摩 hadbeenamonkforonemonth Inolddaysthisperiodwasthreemonths Nowitcanbeonlyafewweeksorafewdays 20 MonksinThailand Somefamiliesstillrefusetomarrytheirdaughterifthefuturehusbandhasn teverbeenamonk Itmeansthatheisn tripeenough Aboythatbecomesamonkforafewmonthsismakingareallygoodactiontowardshisparents Inabus seatsinthebackarereservedtomonks Ifawomanissittingthere sheshouldleavebecauseawomancannottouchamonk 21 Background Genre B W T R EssaybasedonaninterviewInterviewer theauthorInterviewees afarmerandhiswifeTopic lifeinthecountry note SincetheWorldWarIIithasbecomepopularforwriterstointerviewpeople recordwhattheysayand aftersome nottoomuch editing publishthesepeople sstoriesinbookform 22 Activities W B T R Interview Organizetheclassintogroupsof4withoneasareporterandtheother3asinterviewees Topic Chineseuniversitystudents viewofthelifeandpeopleinthecountrysideTimearrangement 5minutesfortheinterviewand2minutesfortheinterviewertoreporttotheclass 23 TextAnalysis T W B R MessageoftheLand Unit3 24 TextAnalysis Theme Urbanizationandresistance Industrializationandthedeathoftraditionalhandicrafts Developmentandthelossoftradition T W B R 25 Allfourchildrenwentaway Childrenwearjeansinstead nobarter butcashnopay freehelpplasticthingsinsteadonlytheoldonthelandnopracticeoftheoldcustomsnorespectfortheold TextAnalysis Theme 26 Forfurtherdiscussion It sourhistory ourculture ourtraditionandourlife Inaword itisourrootwhichwecannotlivewithout TextAnalysis Theme 27 TextAnalysis Structure T W B R Thewifetalksabouttheland herfamilyandherchildren Thewifetalksaboutthechangesshedislikesandcan tadjustto Thefarmertalksaboutthereasonforhissilence hisworryabouttheirlandandthejoyhefindsinlifeandfarming PartI thewife sspeech PartII thefarmer sspeech para 8 11 para 1 3 para 4 7 28 TextAnalysis LanguageStyle ColloquialismSmallandsimplewordsShortsentencesStraightforwardlanguageFiguresofspeechusedtoachievevivid expressiveandappropriatedescriptionSimile MetaphorPersonificationZeugma 29 TextAnalysis LanguageStyle Simile itislikeaknifepiercingmyheart Metaphor thisbagofbonesdressedinragscanstillplantandreapricefrommorningtilldusk Personification Ourpieceoflandissmall anditisnolongerfertile bleedingyearafteryearand likeus gettingoldandexhausted Zeugma Thesoilisnotdifficulttotillwhenthereisalotofrain butinabadyear it snotonlytheploughsthatbreakbutourhearts too 30 TextAnalysis DetailedAnalysis MainIdea SentenceParaphrase Words Expressions PartIPartIIPartIII T W B R 31 TextAnalysis DetailedAnalysis PartI thewife sspeech herfamilyandtheirlands 1 3 32 Whydoesthewifestartherconversationwiththeland Whatdothewoman schildrendo Howdothemotherandchildrenfeeltowardseachother Whatdoesthewomansayaboutherhusband Doyoubelievewhatshesays Whatdoesthewomansayabouttheirland Howdoesshefeeltowardsit What sthemainideaofParas 1 3 PartI MainIdea 33 TextAnalysis Thewifehasalreadyregardedthelandaspartofherlife Thisisthelandwhereherparentsandforefatherslivedanditisboundwithfamilyhistoryandtradition Itrepresentstherootofherfamily 5 Thewifemakesabriefintroductionofherfamilyandtellsushowallherfourchildrenleftforcities Shefeelssorryaboutthisandshealsofeelssorryabouttheland Thelandisnolongerfertile likeherandherhusband gettingoldandexhausted 34 TextAnalysis DetailedAnalysis PartI Language Words Phrases SentencePattern Grammar InfancyAffordBullyInsultbleedmind belongtoinspiteof theemphaticform as tointroducearelativeclause 35 TextAnalysis Words Phrases forefather n pl thepeoplewhowerepartofyourfamilyalongtimeagointhepastSynonyms ancestor Opposites descendant offspringe g Manyyearsagoourforefathersestablishedthisnation 36 TextAnalysis SentenceParaphrase 1 MyhusbandmovedintoourhouseasisthewaywithusinEsarn para 1 relativepronoun subjectoftherelativeclause meaningwhatismentionedinthemainclause Paraphrasing Whenwegotmarried wefollowedthetraditioninEsarnandmyhusbandcametolivewithmyfamily Examples 37 1 Asisknowntoall TaiwanbelongstoChina as subjectoftheclause 2 Asisoftenthecase girlslearnalanguagemorequicklythanboys as subjectoftheclause TextAnalysis SentenceParaphrase 38 TextAnalysis 2 Diein someplacefrom becauseofsth outspace disease cold外因Of hunger old人体之上e g diefromearthquakedieofillness Words Phrases 39 TextAnalysis 3 infancy n a earlychildhoodb earlystageofdevelopmentorgrowthExamples Inthepast manychildrendiedininfancy HecametoEnglandinhisinfancy Theresearchstretchedfromtheinfancyofradiobroadcastingthroughtotoday Geneticengineeringisstillinitsinfancy a infantilen infant Wordformations Words Phrases 40 Therest twoboysandtwogirls wentawayassoonaswecouldaffordtobuyjeansforthem 1 Ourotherchildren twoboysandtwogirls leftassoonaswehadthemoneytobuythemjeans appositiveof therest theremainingpeople theothers Examples TextAnalysis SentenceParaphrase 41 Yourfather aproudandunbendingman refusedallhelpthatwasofferedhim Playingfootball hisonlyinterestinlife broughthimmanyfriends 3 Adrylightningstorm thatis athunderstormwithoutrain startedafireinaremotepartoftheforestinAugust TextAnalysis SentenceParaphrase 42 4 afford v a tohaveenoughmoney timetodosth b withcan could torunariskbydoingsth 经得住 承受得住c fml toprovide give Classifythefollowingwordsinto3groupsaccordingtoa bandc affordanewcar affordthishighpriceaffordtherent affordaclueto affordachance affordapleasantshade can t affordtoneglectone swork a a c c c b b TextAnalysis Words Phrases 43 5 agency 代理机构anemploymentagency职业介绍所Atraveller sagency旅行社Agent代理人 商 经纪人AhouseagentAlaw agent TextAnalysis Words Phrases 44 6 nowandthen nowandagain occasionallyExamples Nowandthenweheardshotsinthewoods Heloseshistempernowandthen butnotoften Ihearfromhimeverynowandthen Hereandthere起伏地 详尽地Upsanddowns沉浮 盛衰Theinsandouts种种复杂详情 TextAnalysis Words Phrases 45 Lesson3 MessageoftheLand 4 7 bully v a tothreatentohurtsomeoneorfrightenthem especiallysomeonesmallerorweaker恐吓 以强凌弱b toputpressureonsomeoneinordertomakethemdowhatyouwant迫使 逼迫 Examples Thechildwasbulliedalmostoutofitslife Don tletthembullyyouintoworkingonSaturdays Moremeanings Words Phrases TextAnalysis 46 alocalbullyplaythebullyabullyideaabullygooddinnerBullyforyou bullyboy Lesson3 MessageoftheLand Translation 土豪横行霸道 恃强欺弱绝妙的主意极其丰盛的饭菜干得好 受人雇佣且尤指与政治集团有关的 流氓 打手 Words Phrases TextAnalysis 47 8 insult v tooffendsomeonebysayingordoingsomethingtheythinkisrudeExamples IhopeAndywon tbeinsultedifIdon tcome Sheinsultedhimbycallinghimacoward Youinsultmyintelligencewithyourcrudemethods tosayordosomethingthatsuggestsyouthinksomeoneisstupid n insulta insultingn insulter Wordformations Words Phrases TextAnalysis 48 9 pierce v a tomakeasmallholewithasharppoint刺穿b ofcold pain sound toforceawayinto使心如刀割c toforceawaythroughsomething穿透 光 声音 Examples Shehadherearspiercedinordertobeabletowearearrings Hershriekspiercedthesilence Hermemoriessometimespiercedherheart Ourforcespiercedthroughtheenemy slines Pierceone sheart tomakeonefeelverysad a pierceda piercing Wordformations Words Phrases TextAnalysis 49 Figureofspeech Simile Examples Asimileisabriefcomparison usuallyintroducedbythepreposition like ortheconjunction as as as than asif asthoughandetc Asimileconsistsoftwoparts tenorandvehicle Thetenoristheprimarysubject thevehicleisthethingtowhichthemainsubjectiscomparedto Eg Omylove slikeared redrose RobertBurns Jimwasascunningasanoldfox 50 TheendofSimile 1 Sometimes theygetbulliedandinsulted anditislikeaknifepiercingmyheart 2 Figureofspeech 51 It seasierformyhusband Hehasearswhichdon thear amouthwhichdoesn tspeak andeyesthatdon tsee 2 Newsaboutmychildren sproblemsdoesn tmakemyhusbandassadasme Hedoesn tbotheraboutwhatishappeningaroundusandtoourchildren Heneversaysanythingaboutthem restrictiverelativeclause parallelstructure Questions Doesthewifereallymeanthatherhusbandisdeaf dumbandblind TextAnalysis SentenceParaphrase 52 Hehasalwaysbeenpatientandsilent mindinghisownlife 2 presentparticiplephrasefunctioningasadverbialofaccompanyingcircumstances He salwaysbeenpatientandtalkslittle Hejustdoeshisdutyandcarriesonhislife TextAnalysis SentenceParaphrase 53 totakecareofone s Examples WillyoumindmybagwhileIbuymyticket Iwasmindingmyownworkwhenherushedin Myfatherwasjustdrivingalong mindinghisownbusiness whensuddenlyabrickcamethroughthewindow 2 10 mindone sown mind phrases Words Phrases TextAnalysis 54 mindone sownbusinessmindone sownp sandq smindone smannersmindyourfootingmindyourbackMindhowyougo 别管闲事注意举止言行注意举止行为小心 站稳了当心 让开 道别时说 您慢走 Translation Words Phrases TextAnalysis 55 11 inspiteof withoutbeingaffectedorpreventedbysomethingExamples Butinspiteofthehardships realeffortsandprogressarebeingmade Wewentoutinspiteoftherain Kellylovedherhusbandinspiteofthefactthathedranktoomuch Similarexpressions regardlessofdespite Words Phrases TextAnalysis 56 Wordformations 12 fertile adj a ofland plants producingmuchb ofaperson hismind fullofideas plansc afertilesituationisoneinwhichsomethingcaneasilydevelopandsucceed n fertilityv fertilizen fertilizerfertilizablea infertile Examples Words Phrases TextAnalysis 57 Examples Thisshrublikessunandwateraswellasafertilewell drainedsoil afertileimagination mind brainHeisalwaysfertileinnewplans Thatperiodhadmadethecityafertilenewsgroundforfreelancerssuchasmyself Words Phrases TextAnalysis 58 13 bleed v a toloseblood esp becauseofaninjuryb toforcesomeonetopayanunreasonableamountofmoneyoveraperiodoftime Examples Tragically shebledtodeath Adeepcutonherwristwasbleedingprofusely heavily Marciabledhimforeverypennyhehad Thesoldiersarereadytobleedfortheircountry Words Phrases TextAnalysis 59 anditisnolongerfertile bleedingyearafteryearand likeus gettingoldandexhausted para 3 Paraphrasing Ourlandisgettingpoorerwitheachpassingyear likeuswhoaregettingold weakandtired personification presentparticiplephrasesfunctioningasacause Examplesofpp personification TextAnalysis SentenceParaphrase 60 Theysentustheirstatement hopingtogetoursupport Theywentonwiththeirstruggle thinkingtheirswasajustcause 3 Nothavingreceivedananswer hedecidedtowriteanotherlettertothem 4 Thedoctor notwishingtomakehernervous didnotfullyexplaintheseriousnessofhercondition Presentparticiplephrasesactasadverbialsofcause TextAnalysis SentenceParaphrase 61 Figureofspeech personificationReferringtoinanimatethingsorabstractionsasiftheywerehuman Personificationisreallyaspecialkindofmetaphor e g Theyouthweresinging laughingandplayingthemusicinstruments Thetreesandflowersaroundthemdancedheartilyasiftouchedbymerrymood HowsoonhathTime thesubtlethiefofyouth stolenonhiswingmythreeandtwentiethyear Thepurposeofpersonificationistoexplain toexpand andtovivify 62 butinabadyear it snotonlytheploughsthatbreak butourhearts too para 3 Paraphrasing Whenthereisadraught thesoilissohardthatitbreakstheploughsandwefeelsosadthatourheartsbreaktoo emphaticform zeugma break governsboth ploughs and hearts ExamplesofZ E TextAnalysis SentenceParaphrase 63 Itwasthepolicemanthat whocaughtapickpocketonNo 933busyesterday Thesubjectisemphasized ItwasapickpocketthatthepolicemancaughtonNo 933busyesterday Theobjectisemphasized 3 ItwasonNo 933busthatthepolicemancaughtapickpocketyesterday Theadverbialofplaceisemphasized 4 ItwasyesterdaythatthepolicemancaughtapickpocketonNo 933bus Theadverbialoftimeisemphasized Theemphaticstructure Itis was that canbeusedtoemphasizeanypartofthesentenceexceptthepredicate TextAnalysis SentenceParaphrase 64 Zeugma asinglewordismadetomodifyorgoverntwoormorewordsinthesamesentence1 Thesenatorpickeduphishataswellashiscourage 2 COATTAILS Clothesthatfitthemanandthetimes Advert InNewYorkTimesMagazine 1980 3 MissBolorosefromthetableconsiderablyagitated andwentstraighthome inafloodoftearsandasedanchair 4 Tenminuteslater thecoffeeandCommanderDanaofNavalIntelligencearrivedsimultaneously Moreexamples Figureofspeech 65 TheendofZeugma Zeugmaisacomicfigureofspeech AtitsbestZeugmaiswittyandamusing anditincreasesmeaningbyrevealinghiddenconnections 5 Shehadtoswallowbreadandbutterandaspasmofemotion 6 Hefoughtwithdesperationandastoutclub 7 Yesterdayhehadablueheartandcoat 8 Igotupyesterdayandmanagedtocatchabusandacold 9 oldpeoplegatheringinthesocialhallforcomradeshipandahotlunch Figureofspeech 66 TextAnalysis DetailedAnalysis PartI thewife sspeech changesinthevillagethatshedisliked 4 7 67 TextAnalysis DetailedAnalysis PartII MainIdea Summarizethechangesthathavetakenplaceinthevillage Howdidthewomanpresentherspeech Whatisthewoman sattitudetowardsthesechanges Howisthewoman sgenerationdifferentfromtheyounggeneration Whatisthefunctionofthefirstsentenceinparagraph5 Whatarethesignificancesof pigs waterbuffaloes and jeans tothewomanandtheyoungpeople Whatisthewoman sphilosophyoflife go 68 ChangesinthevillagesinEsarn barterforthings cash neighborshelptobuildhouses reappriceordigwell paymoneyforit finebamboopieces villagecrafts plasticthings plasticbags neverwenttohairdresser paintedlipsornails sellpigsandwaterbuffalotobuyapairofjeans offerfoodtothemonksandgototempleregularly leavethesethingstooldpeople condemnedungratefulson andgivehimagoodbeating shoutandscreamathismother Back 69 2 Bycomparison contrastandexemplification thewifepresentsherideaofthischangingworld Shedislikesthechangesaroundher Shewon tacceptthechangesandevenrefusestochangewiththelife 4 WiththefirstsentenceinPara 5serving