Unit 2 Period 2 Learning about Language.doc

Period TwoLearning about LanguageGrammar：The Past Participle (2) as the Object Complement过去分词作宾语补足语1作宾语补足语的过去分词一般来自及物动词，表示被动和完成的意义。过去分词作宾补时，和它前面的宾语构成“宾语过去分词”的复合结构，在这种结构中，宾语与过去分词之间为逻辑上的动宾关系。(1)在表示感觉或心理状态的动词，如see，hear，feel，watch，notice，think，find等后面作宾语补足语。I was glad to see the child well taken care of.我很高兴地看到孩子受到了很好的照料。When he arrived，he found all the work finished.当他到达的时候，他发现所有的工作都做完了。She heard the door shut with a bang.她听到门咣的一声关上了。She felt a great load taken off her mind.她觉得思想上去掉了一个重担。(2)表示使役的动词：get，let，make，help，have，keep等。He made it known to everyone that he was right.他使每个人都明白他是对的。He kept the windows shut all the year.他全年都关着窗户。They got their telephone put in only yesterday.他们家昨天才装电话。You must get your article finished before going home.回家之前，你必须先把文章写完。(3)在表示“希望”“愿望”等意义的动词，如want，wish，like，expect等后面作宾语补足语。The teacher expected the students well prepared for the exam.老师希望所有学生都为考试作好了准备。He wants his composition read by every classmate.他想每个同学都读他的作文。(4)作介词的宾补，主要用于“with/without复合结构中”。They left without a plate untouched.他们走了，没有一盘菜没动过。With the problems settled，he felt quite happy.所有问题都解决了，他感到很高兴。(5)及物动词的过去分词作宾补和宾语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，具有被动意味，而现在分词和不定式则和宾语存在逻辑上的主谓关系，具有主动意味。I observed all the rooms broken into.我观察到所有房间都被人闯入过。I can hear their dog howling.我可以听见他们的狗在狂吠。2过去分词、现在分词、不定式作宾语补足语的区别。它们的区别主要表现在语态和时间关系上，即过去分词与宾语之间是被动关系，不及物动词的过去分词只表示动作的完成，现在分词与宾语之间是主动关系，不定式与宾语之间也是主动关系。过去分词形式常表示动作已经完成，而现在分词多表示动作正在进行，不定式强调动作发生的全过程。We found the trees planted already.We found many people planting trees there.I saw him go into the dining room.单项填空1To learn English well，we should find opportunities to hear English _ as much as we can.Aspeak BspeakingCspoken Dto speak答案C解析此处考查“hear宾语do/doing/done”结构。因为English是“被说”，故用spoken作宾补，表示被动。2Jenny hopes that Mr. Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English_in a short period.Aimproved BimprovingCto improve Dimprove答案A解析本题考查非谓语动词。have在此处为使役动词，表示“使，让”，后可接do，doing或done作宾补，宾语her written English与improve之间为动宾关系，故应用过去分词作宾补。3He is very popular among his students as he always tries to make them_in his lectures. Ainterested BinterestingCinterest Dto interest答案A解析make them interested in中的them指代students，故用interested，表示“对感兴趣”。4John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work _， he gladly accepted it.Afinished BfinishingChaving finished Dwas finished答案A解析在“with宾语宾补”结构中，宾补用过去分词表示完成。5Laws that punish parents for their little childrens actions against laws get parents_.Aworried Bto worryCworrying Dworry答案A解析get sb. worried使某人忧虑，担心。6With _ she needed _，she left the store.Asomething；to buy Banything；having boughtCeverything；to buy Deverything；bought答案D解析句意为：她所需要的东西都买了，她离开了商店。with宾语宾补中用过去分词表示动作已经完成。7Who did the teacher have _ an article for the wall newspaper just now?Awritten BwritingCwrite Dto write答案C解析句意为：刚才老师让谁为墙报写篇文章？have sb. do sth.让某人干某事。8Why are you looking pleased?Oh，Ive just had a job_.Aoffered BofferingCto offer Dbeing offered答案A解析have a job offered有了一份别人提供的工作。9Im sorry to see your watch that you had _ goes wrong again.Arepaired Bit repairCto repair Dit repaired答案A解析句意为：看到你让人修的那块表用坏了真遗憾。have sth.done让别人干。10When he returned home，he found the window open and something _.Astealing BstolenCrobbed Drobbing答案B解析find宾语宾补，宾补与宾语之间存在着动宾关系，故选B项。11The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see _ the next year.A carry out Bcarrying outC carried out Dto carry out答案C解析句意为：经理们讨论了明年他们要着手执行的那个计划。see sth. done为固定搭配。12No one likes to see his feelings _，so Smith turned away.Alaugh at Bto be laughed atClaughing at Dlaughed at答案D解析see ones feelings laughed at看到自己的想法受到别人的嘲笑，feelings和laugh at存在着动宾关系，故选D项。13You should understand the traffic rule by now.Youve had it_several times.Aexplaining Bto explainCexplain Dexplained答案D解析have it explained让人作出了解释。14Helen had to shout _ above the sound of the music.Amaking herself hear Bto make herself hearCmaking herself heard Dto make herself heard答案D解析句意为：海伦必须大声喊，压过音乐的声音，以便让人听到她说的话。此处用不定式表示目的，故选D项。15I have heard this song_for many times.Asinging Bbe sungCsung Dto sing答案C解析句意为：我已经听过这首歌被唱过许多次了。this sone和sing之间存在着动宾关系，故选C项。16She was disappointed to find her suggestion_.Aturning down Bto be turned downCturned down Dto turn down答案C解析turn down拒绝(提议或要求等)；find ones suggestion，turned down发现某人的提议遭到拒绝。17When he got off the bus，he found his pocket_.Astolen BpickedCgone Dmissing答案B 解析find ones pocket picked发现口袋被扒窃，其余答案都不合适。18Good morning.Can I help you?Id like to have the package_，madam.Abe weighed Bto be weighedCto weigh Dweighed答案D解析句意为：我想让人称称这个箱子。the package和weigh之间存在着动宾关系，故选D项。19When I got back home I saw a message_to the door reading “Sorry to miss you，I will call later”Apin Bpins Cpinned Dto pin答案C解析pin v(用钉子)钉；(用别针)别住，pin和message之间是动宾关系，故选C项。20I didnt have time to get_before the party.Ahave changed Bhas changedC changing Dchanged答案D解析find it done，it和change之间存在着被动关系，并且表示动作已完成，故选D项。.完成句子1I must get my_computer_fixed(把电脑修一修)2We find her greatly_changed(变化很大)3With his_homework_finished(他的作业做完)，he went fishing with his father.4He said he never heard this word used_in_spoken_English(在英语口语中用过)5She felt herself misunderstood_by_her_friends(被朋友们误解了)6We are pleased to see the_problem_settled_so_quickly(这个问题这么快解决了)7We had a_photo_taken_with_him(和他合拍了一张照片)8We must get the_house_painted_next_week(下周把房子刷完)9He stood there with_his_hands_raised(手举着)10Dont leave_the_window_broken_all_the_time(让窗户一直破着).阅读理解AFifty years ago I married my soldier sweetheart.Six weeks later，he left to fight in Korea.While he was away for that first year of our marriage，I stayed with my mum and worked hard to keep our savings for our first home.After John returned，we found a home and applied for a War Service Home Loan，which at that time took about six months to come through.The builder of our home lived in the same street as our house and he allowed us to move in and pay rent until our loan came through.The rent was one pound and ten shillings per week，which we thought fair.As we got to know our neighbors，several told us to watch our landlord as he was “sharp” and may cheat us in some way.We always replied that he had given us no cause for complaint.The loan money came through shortly before Christmas.We were not welloff but we were happy to have our own home.One night，two weeks before Christmas，there was a knock at our door.It was our landlord and his wife.We invited them in and our landlord said，“As you know，your loan has come through and you do not have to pay me rent any more.I did not set that rent，the estate agent(房产代理商)did，and I thought it was a bit high.So every time you paid me，I put ten shillings away in a box.It came to 11 pounds.”We were surprised and delighted.To us，it was a small fortune just in time for Christmas.We were able to buy gifts for our entire family.It was the nicest thing anyone had ever done for us and we decided that we would never judge anyone on hearsay.1Why did the couple apply for a War Service Home Loan?ATo get married. BTo rent a house.CTo buy a house. DTo keep savings.答案C解析细节理解题。由文章第一段的第三句可知这对夫妇是为了买房子。2When a few neighbors talked about their landlord，the couple_.Abelieved that he was sharpBmade a fair remark about himCalso complained about himDsaid nothing about him答案B解析细节理解题。由第二段的最后一句“We always replied that he had given us no cause for complaint”可知这对夫妇对房东没做任何评价。3Which of the following is TRUE about the rent?AThe couple thought the rent was a bit high.BThe landlord charged high rent by cheating.CSome of the neighbors were charged too much on the rent.DThe estate agent set the rent which might be a bit high.答案D解析细节理解题。由第三段的后两句可知。4Why did the landlord and his wife call on the couple one night?AThey wanted to give loan money to the couple.BThey tried to cheat the couple for more money.CThey wanted to give back part of the rent the couple had paid.DThey tried to give the couple a box as a Christmas gift.答案C解析细节判断题。由第三段的后两句可知他们是来送自己认为高出的房租。5The purpose of the passage is to show that_.Awe should not judge a person on hearsayBit was not easy for the couple to have a house of their ownCthe landlord was kind to the couple but not to the neighborsDthe couple had an unexpected fortune before Christmas答案A解析推理判断题。由最后一段的后半句“we decided that we would never judge anyone on hearsay”可知。BA study published by Monday found that people who sleep less tend to be fat，and experts said its time to find out if more sleep will fight fatness.“Weve put so much emphasis on diet and exercise that weve failed to recognize the value of good sleep，”said Fred Turek，a physician at Northwestern University.Mondays study from Eastern Virginia Medical School in Norfolk covered 1,000 people and found that total sleep time decreased as body mass indexa measure of weight based on heightincressed.Men slept an average of 27 minutes less than women and overweight and fat patients slept less than patients with normal weights，it said.In general the fatter subjects slept about 1.8 hours a week less than those with normal weights.“Americans experience insufficient sleep and fat bodies.Clinicians are aware of the burden of fatness on patients，”the study said.“Our findings suggest that major extensions of sleep time may not be necessary，as an extra 20 minutes of sleep per night seems to be associated with a lower body mass index，”it added.“We caution that this study does not set up a causeandeffect relationship between restricted sleep and fatness，but investigations indicate that the success in weight loss via extensions of sleep would help greatly to set up such a relationship.”The study was published in the Archives of Internal Medicine along with an editorial by professor Turek.In an interview，Turek said some studies have shown the lack of sleep causes declines in an appetite suppressing protein hormone，and increases in another hormone that causes a longing for food.“In addition neurones(神经元)in the brain governing sleep and fatness appear to overlap(重叠)，”he said.“Fatness has been rising dramatically in developed countries and reached epidemic(流行病)levels in the United States，”he added，“Im afraid it will lead to a variety of health problems.”6Whats the passage mainly about?APeople who sleep less tend to get fat.BFat people need lots of sleep to lose weight.CSleeping has nothing to do with fatness.DFatness has been rising dramatically in developed countries.答案A解析主旨大意题。本文开头就点明了主题“A study published by Monday found that people who sleep less tend to be fat”，下文则是对睡眠与肥胖关系具体研究情况的介绍。7According to the passage，which of the following is TRUE?ALack of sleep doesnt cause declines in a desire limiting protein hormone.BAmericans experience sufficient sleep and fat bodies.CThe findings sug