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CHANGCHUN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGYDisplay and Design of Museum博物馆陈列与设计资料来源： 浅谈博物馆陈列设计的特征与要求 设计题目： 辽宁省老工业博物馆建筑方案设计 学生姓名： 冷旭东 学院名称： 建筑与设计学院 专业名称： 建筑学 班级名称： 建筑1251 学 号： 1207511115 指导教师： 尚伶燕 教师职称： 讲师 完成时间： 2017年3月10日 原文：Display and Design of MuseumThe exhibition is on display, the museum to the important means of social knowledge, is also a museum to show the community carrier collection and research level, is the crystallization of science and Art Museum of labor workers. The display is not a simple casual place, it must be based on certain conditions, and according to certain principles. The implementation of a new exhibition from brewing the idea, to implementation, to the overall consideration, overall planning, proceeding from the needs of the audience, in order to achieve better display effect. The following is my fieldwork by reference, and talk about the exhibition display design.一、Concept of display design Display design (also known as exhibition design or exhibition design) is a comprehensive exhibition art, is the work process of the contact surface is very extensive and complex, it includes literature, art, music, photography, sculpture, calligraphy and other disciplines, has its own unique artistic language. It requires designers use a variety of artistic means, the exhibits. Layout, pictures, charts, exhibition, model, scene and exhibition space and atmosphere according to a certain theme, sequence and art form a scientific and effective organization combining the audience education and information dissemination and intuitive.A word in the museum display design in the broad and narrow interpretation of the two. The generalized display design summarizes the general display design, content design and form design; narrow sense refers only to the form of display design and display design. In practice, people put on display the contents of design as the research work on display, belonging to the academic the scope of the study; the form of display design as a technical work on display, the museum into the category of technology. But the technical work on display is usually considered a museum features artwork, so defines display art design to determine: according to requirements of display theme, To display the content of the concept, to determine the display style, the overall requirements, and the use of a variety of art, science and technology organically combined display work.二、Elements of display designEach kind of artistic form, has its form elements. The so-called form elements, which constitute the most basic factors necessary to art form. By using these elements, it can constitute a form, and on the basis of creation of aesthetic form. In modern display design, space art performance sound, light, electricity, etc. the application of technology in the form of characteristic form of many factors, but these factors in form, space, shape, material, color is composed of four elements: display the most basic form, but also for the four main aspects considered display design.（一）SpaceSpace is the first element of the display form design. There is no space, there can be no display, exhibition. The so-called space refers to the four-dimensional space exhibition hall, exhibition hall is long, wide, high dimensional and human actions and different point of view, from the perspective of the space. That is to say, only one action, only to give the fourth space in content. Therefore, the space of display design, according to the physiological and psychological characteristics of the audience, from walking tours, eye movement, aesthetic attention etc. these phenomena, according to the audience from the outside environment into the indoor environment of this series of different space changes to it. Through the screen, partition, board, booth, showcase, scene etc. Exhibition and related equipment organization arrangement, the space was subdivided, the formation of a new definition of space. In addition, the design of modern museum even advocating around the display theme, determine the indoor display design scheme, then the appearance design of the building, so that the contents of design form of display design and display the more perfect unified design of display art. Sichuan Sanxingdui Museum in Guanghan, is the first exhibition, after a successful example of the building. Such as its second exhibition hall of the gods in, the theme is the primitive religion mystery, which consists of four sets of scene which resembles the mysterious realm of ancient Shu peoples spiritual life. The smallpox The inclination m step up fully. The use of space to create a mysterious atmosphere, the audience gradually increase along the tour route forward, along with the deepening of content, finally reached the highest level on behalf of the celestial, the mysterious atmosphere of the ancient Shu Lin Wei to the extreme, achieved excellent visual effect, the display content also attracted an audience. The art design space again, Unity oade up to seven layers of rock burst like imitation plate, deep brown color glaze spraying sand hair surface, revealing faint red top gap, the red carpet shop showcase booth, showing the creation of the world, the magnificent landscape of four giant earthquakes and landslides; a large portfolio of scenes to the pit, frame, altar, Taiwan in the form of progressive, step byf space display atmosphere and the display theme. Normally, the exhibition hall is a square, the height is only five, six meters, to create space for other such impossible. Therefore, only the first to determine the layout, and building design, can achieve the desired effect.The aesthetic design of exhibition space, do not change too much in demand, while in the unified for various; not in seeking stimulation, but not in seeking for desalination; and in the complex, concise, the highest aesthetic standard exhibition space design space disappear. In the display in our country, the Shanghai museum the Museum of ancient bronze Chinese , China Ancient Ceramic Museum displays called canonical space disappear.Display design including the design of the external environment of the exhibition hall and indoor space design. The interior space design exhibition hall layout design mainly refers to the design and the whole exhibition space. The lobby is on display, the beginning part of the exhibition, the audience is to give the first impression of the place, it should show the main style of display space and display characteristics give each one into the hall, the audience a deep sense of space, and this appeal is realized through the form of display language and art concise. The lobby design must according to the display theme, seize the typical characteristics of the case, with a concise summary, has shocked the audience mind conform to no conventional pattern, form Style, to create a prominent theme, distinctive features, form and content integration, transition space is highly infectious to guide the audience. Such as the Nanjing City Museum Six Dynasties style exhibition hall, a door is greeted by the Six Dynasties tomb carving pattern of Phoenix imitation screen, has set the Saint Wang Xizhi the font of the Six Dynasties style exhibition; around the screen, is the face of a magnificent vivid copy of kylin statue, erected on both sides of a copy of the Shinto stone, a red background for the dawn of the ancient capital of the Six Dynasties Jiankang (Nanjing) city landscape designer. Seize the Phoenix stone carving pattern, kylin, God These pieces of the most road pillars of Six Dynasties style cultural relic image, reflecting the theme, in the light of the background, in contrast, brings a strong visual impact to the audience, make people look into the desolate, distant and mysterious atmosphere of the times, excellent plays the role of order.The overall layout in space, the space requirements of reasonable structure, the display content is arranged in order, the level of clear, focused and prominent theme, and shows the level of balance but with the focus in space. In order to people on the vision, the ideal of Lenovo, a sense of rhythm and the rhythm of the feeling. The space design mentioned in the Sichuan Sanxingdui Museum in Guanghan to meet these requirements.（二）Modelling The exhibition is to display the contents of the exhibits, its artistic image must be done through a specific form. Therefore, modelling is one of the main elements of the exhibition design. It can be said that no other design did not display the form of design. The exhibition design is different, have different characteristics, these characteristics are determined by the the following aspects: first, the complex exhibits each has its own image; second, the displays must be specific space, exhibition, decoration to sculpt through artistic arrangement and organization; third, exhibition theme is communication, comprehensive display science and art exhibits a combination of other . a combination of these three aspects show display art form, art form is the display of space to display vivid. When the other according to the structural design of the exhibition in the exhibition hall space layout, arrangement and art together, it displayed is the image of this exhibition. An image of the appearance form, namely the exhibition form. Various other forms of exhibition, according to the nature of the application, can be divided into three categories: the overall design, exhibition display design, equipment design.（三）Texture of materialThe production of display equipment need to complete various materials. The material plays an important role in the form of design, on the one hand it to meet the needs of the display function, on the other hand, it must satisfy the aesthetic function of decorative display. Therefore, the display quality is good or bad, will directly affect the success of the exhibition design whether or not.Now on the market there are kinds of decoration materials, properties, different functions, different materials will give people a sense of seriousness, soft feeling, a sense of well-being, smooth or rough, gorgeous or simple, gentle or strong sense of Lenovo. As the designer must of various materials natural texture, texture characteristics and aesthetic function understanding, sentiment, so as to combine the space design in the design, design art application, to display the form of harmonious, perfect.In the design of display material, not too complex, on the whole should be the variety of materials and style concise. Other timber should grasp the practical and aesthetic principle, subject to the overall design style, in accordance with the human visual habits of carefully chosen, the difference in the coordination, contrast to seek harmony. Such as metope, ground. Exhibition series, top smallpox tonal should be coordinated, unified and reflect the content of the text, the title and the focus of decoration materials, it should be different, i.e. in coordination for comparison, focus, produce a sense of depth.（4） ColorFor the form, color and shape in a pivotal position. In the various factors in the form, with the tone and color can touch peoples emotions, stimulate the audiences different psychological reactions. It can influence the size of the object, from the sense of nature, under certain conditions, it has its own have a contrast display atmosphere, creating artistic conception, the audience emotional appeal infection, arouse peoples emotions. Therefore, one of the elements of color is the main form of exhibition design.The use of color to create a display exhibition, art style and exotic atmosphere, color display is other means. The use of display color should follow certain principle, follow the principle of color beauty, not only by personal likes and dislikes freely. The indiscriminate use of the different nature of the display, exhibition, the content of the request form the use of color, and the choice is different. Such as color display of social history, is generally quiet and excited tone both; color display to reflect the natural sciences, the general use of natural blue color display; reflect the ethnic, folk custom, must respect the customs of the nation or local traditions the use of color Color display; reflect the categories of industrial products, generally with large grey lined with bright colors.In life, every human activities are related to rhythm. The rhythm can stimulate peoples emotions, causing visual pleasure, give people the feeling of beauty and spiritual enjoyment. In the exhibition of color composition, color rhythm, there is order in the exhibition environment on repeated alternation and the gradient of hue, lightness, purity, well-being, shape, position, rhythm of space area and material and other factors produced. It makes peoples vision in itself still feel the environment activities.A color display, exhibition is the overall color and local color. The overall color is good or bad, is the local color and color performance caused by the overall command of the overall situation, directly affect the display effect of art and design exhibition. Color design exhibitions, to be good at grasp deepen the display theme, based on solid colored exhibits as a parent, to highlight the exhibits, prominent characteristics, highlight the theme as the principle to establish the overall effect of the total feeling, to explore the display space environment, auxiliary display design, decoration and display exhibits background color.A display first gives people the sense of the whole, and the maximum emotional impact of color to the most. The formation of the overall color is displayed, the display color tone, rhythm, rhythm to the audience impression. The tone is accurate or not is the key theme of display content, tone selection according to the display different themes, historical, cultural display, selection should be stable, calm, elegant tone; natural science, industrial and technological achievements exhibition is to choose a strong, bright tone. The tone of the general exhibition should be relatively calm and stable, so that the audiences vision is not easy to fatigue; physiological characteristics take care of people, but also with the Bright colors arouse the interest of the audience, the designer will have to deal with the relationship between the local color of the pen to reconcile the sound, harmonious and unified relationship, and make full use of the charm of color to enhance the artistic effect of display design.3、 Principles of display designIn addition to the above four factors, the display design should follow certain principles to implement. The State Administration of Cultural Heritage Museum of art in 1997 to write pointed out: the basic principle of display art is: grasp the display theme, create the perfect form, meet the practical function, security exhibition security, strive to make economy and rational.（1） Grasp the themeThe exhibition has a different theme, the theme is the soul of the contents of the exhibition, the form design can closely linked to the theme of thought is very important. The audience often visited the museum as a high level of mental activities, because each display is the researchers will evolve natural science or social science the human history and culture of human cultural achievements show in front of the world, it not only to the dissemination of knowledge, and to make people learn new creativity from the traditional culture, the significance of ideological education is obvious. While the form design of the display content is re creation, it should highlight the positive performance A healthy mind.Display the form and content of unity, is a important theme of accurate expression for the relationship. The theory of art form and content, from either philosophy or aesthetics have been inconclusive. In essence, content and form are complementary and inseparable, left the display design display theme, form then the United States has no meaning; without art design beautiful, no matter how wonderful the contents of the exhibition, also cannot be reflected. Therefore, the display design that content and form perfect unity, that is to the appropriate art forms to express different content. To display art all blend into one harmonious whole in the form of a stress Decorative beauty, emphasis on the characteristics of the external form, in the design of the relationship between the internal form and external form, we can fully reflect the display design - the characteristics of this comprehensive art.（2） Create perfect formThe purpose of the exhibition is on display, for people to watch, it is to give the influence on knowledge and to the audience, the feeling of beauty. Only teach in the United States, the theme to express the form of beauty exhibition will be attractive to the audience, is the successful exhibition. Therefore, visit on display, the exhibition is a process of knowledge process, that is an aesthetic process. Beautiful display design is one of the core issues in the pursuit of the goal, designers can grasp the principle of beauty is the success of the design of exhibition display. To design exhibition of needle aesthetic psychology of the audience, a department through exhibition to stimulate the audience List of aesthetic consciousness, even through the conscious use of some characteristics to achieve by surprise effect, so that the exhibition really popular, full of vit