山东省青岛市高考英语 阅读理解、完形填空及阅读类训练（5）.doc

青岛市2014高考英语阅读理解、完形填空及阅读类训练（5）（答案及解析） .阅读理解words：272难度系数：建议用时：6分钟there are thousands of products of all colors and shapes in a supermarket，making you believe that they are worth a try.how? packaging (包装) is the silent but persuading salesman.there on the shelves，each bottle，can，box，and jar has been carefully designed and measured to speak to the inner self of the consumer(消费者)，because he is buying not only a product but also his belief in life.scientists have studied consumer behavior recently and found that the look of the package has a great effect on the “quality” of the product and on how well it sells，because “consumers generally cannot tell between a product and its package.many products are packages and many packages are products”，as louis cheskin，the first social scientist studying consumers feelings for packaging，noticed.colors are one of the best tools in packaging.studies of eye movement have shown that colors draw human attention quickly.take v8 for example.for many years，the bright red color of tomatoes and carrots on the thin bottle makes you feel that it is very good for your body.and the word “green” today can keep food prices going up.shapes are another attraction.circles often suggest happiness and peacefulness，because these shapes are pleasing to both the eye and the heart.thats why the round yellow m signs of mcdonalds are inviting to both young and old.this new consumer response (反应) to the colors and shapes of packages reminds producers and sellers that people buy to satisfy both body and soul.1. according to the passage, _ seems to be able to persuade a consumer to buy the product.athe pleasing color of the packagebthe special taste of the productcthe strange shape of the packagedthe belief in the product解析：选a。细节理解题。根据第三段的第一句话可知答案。2. if a package or a product is round in shape，it can _.abring excitement to the consumersbattract the consumers attentionccatch the eye movement of the consumersdproduce a happy and peaceful feeling解析：选d。推理判断题。根据第四段可知圆形能给人幸福、平静的感觉。3. “and the word green today can keep food prices going up.” this sentence suggests that consumers today are _.astarting to notice the importance of new foodbenjoying the beauty of nature more than beforecbeginning to like green vegetablesdpaying more attention to their health解析：选d。细节理解题。根据文章最后一段，消费者愿意买对人身心健康都有好处的产品，所以“the wordgreen today can keep food prices going up”，故选d。4. it can be inferred from the passage that v8 is a kind of _.avegetable dish bhealthy juiceciced drink dred vegetable解析：选b。推理判断题。根据第三段可知v8是一种装在瓶子里的让人感觉对身体有益的饮品。*结束consumers at the whale inside dark restaurant are led by a waiter with night-vision goggles (夜视镜). inside dark restaurant in beijing, a table of 30 diners was getting quarrelsome. i am touching your head ! said one, like a talkative child. who just said that? another replied. such voices floated across the 90-plus-soat restaurant, but no one could see who was talking, except the waiters, who were equipped with military-grade night-vision goggles.in the new dining, restaurants are turning off the lights to focus attention on the food. it seems to have started in zurich and has since spread all over the world, with diners sitting in unlit rooms and lately, being served by waiters in night-version goggles. the idea is that by depriving one sense( sight), other senses are becoming strong.darkness has other benefits. chinese people tend to be shy, said chert long, who owns whale inside dark, which opened in january. people have found it easy to break the ice here.the first dark restaurant, opened in zurich in t999, had a simple intention. the goal was creating jobs for the blind and handicapped people, said the manager. the concept has been popular in paris, london, sydney and elsewhere, offering new variations on sight deprivation, by which people can experience a lot in a completely dark condition.in beijing, the whale inside dark restaurant is not only about heightening the sense of taste, but lowering social pressure. it is popular with internet daters, who met on matchmaking websites that are spreading throughout china.eating in the dark is not without its troubles. instead of family-style dining, food is served on single-serving plates. when each dish arrives, the server guides your hand to the plate and offers helpful tips like this course is eaten with a spoon.the style seems to be working. people feel a lot more comfortable when they cant be seen by others, said mr. chen, who is opening a second branch in shanghai, couples get to know each other without seeing others faces.72. the passage is mainly talking about _. a. a new way to break the ice b. dining in the dark c. a healthy dining style d. the advantages of the darkness73. the advantages of the dark restaurant include the following except _. a. lowering social pressure b. breaking the ice easily for some shy persons c. heightening the sense of taste d. becoming an internet daters centre74. what does the underlined word unlit mean in the second paragraph? a. dark. b. crowded. c. quiet. d. colorful.75. it is implied but not stated that _. a. only internet daters like to eat in the dark restaurant b. people can understand the blind peoples world better after visiting the dark restaurant c. only the waiters with military-grade night-vision goggles can see what happens there d. consumers are easy to get angry in the dark restaurant72b(解析：考查主旨大意。本文主要介绍一种特殊的就餐方式 - 在黑暗中进餐。)73d(解析：考查细节理解与判断。在黑暗中就餐的好处有：加强味觉、减轻社会压力和打破害羞的人们之间的坚冰，但没有成网络约会者的中心，因此选d。)74a(解析：根据第二段在这个新的进餐方式中，饭店关掉灯，就餐时把注意力集中在食物上。因此unlit的意思是dark。)75b(解析：考查推理判断。根据第五段，我们知道a项表述不正确；根据第四段，可以推断出b项表述正确，符合题意；第一段倒数第二句说明c项表述正确，但它是明着说的，不是暗示，因此不合题意；根据第一段第二句和最后一段第二句，我们可以推断出d项表述不正确。)*结束in england, people often talk about the weather because they can experience (经历) four seasons in one day. in the morning the weather is warm just like in spring. an hour later black clouds come and then it rains hard. the weather gets a little cold. in the late afternoon the sky will be sunny, the sun will begin to shine, and it will be summer at this time of a day.in england, people can also have summer in winter, or have winter in summer. so in winter they can swim sometimes, and in summer sometimes they should take warm clothes.when you go to england, you will see that some english people usually take an umbrella (伞)or a raincoat with them in the sunny morning, but you should not laugh at them.if you dont take an umbrella or a raincoat, you will regret (后悔) later in the day.61 .why do people in england often talk about the weather?a. because they may have four seasons in one dayb. because they often have very good weatherc. because the weather is warm just like in springd. because the sky is sunny all day62. from the story we know that when _come, there is a heavy rain.a. sunshine and snow b. black clouds c. summer and winter d. spring and autumn63. people can also have summer in winter. means it is sometimes too _in winter.a. warm b. cool c. cold d. rainy64. in the sunny morning some english people usually take a raincoat or an umbrella with them because _.a. their friends ask them to do so b. it often rains in englandc. they are going to sell them d. they are their favourite things65. the best title (标题)for this passage is _.a. bad seasons b. summer or winter c. the weather in england d. strange english people *结束 (2) a crowd gathered outside a hotel where a very famous millionaire had just been knocked down and killed. one young man in the crowd seemed particularly upset. “i understand how you feel,” said a rather sympathetic(同情) old man, “i suppose he was a relative of yours?”“thats just the problem,” replied the young man, “he wasnt.”51. the famous millionaire died probably because _. a. he was too oldb. he had too much money c. he was shot downd. he met an accident52. which of the following best describes the young mans feeling? a. he was sympathetic to the millionaires death. b. he was really sorry about the millionaires death. c. he wished he were the millionaires relative.d. he wished the millionaire had lost all his money.【答案与解析】一个年轻人在看到一位被车撞死的富翁时表现出很不安的样子，一位老人同情地问他死的富翁是不是他的亲人，年轻人却回答说：“问题是他不是！”1. d。细节题。根据 had just been knocked down and killed （knock down：被车撞倒）可知答案为 d。2. c。推断题。从原文最后两句话可知年轻人希望自己是那个出车祸而死的富翁的亲人，这样他可以继承一大笔遗产，所以此题答案为 c。*结束 for years, there has been a bias（偏见）against science among clinical psychologists. in a two-year analysis to be published in november in perspectives on psychological science, psychologists led by timothy b. baker of the university of wisconsin charge that many clinical psychologists fail to “provide the treatments for which there is the strongest evidence of effectiveness” and “give more weight to their personal experiences than to science.” as a result, patients have no guarantee that their “treatment will be informed by science.” walter mischel of columbia university is even crueler in his judgment. “the disconnect between what clinical psychologists do and what science has discovered is an extreme embarrassment,” he told me, and “there is a widening gap between clinical practice and science.”the “widening” reflects the great progress that psychological research has made in identifying the most effective treatments. thanks to strict clinical trials, we now know that teaching patients to think about their thoughts in new, healthier ways and to act on those new ways of thinking are effective against depression, panic disorder and other problems, with multiple trials showing that these treatmentsthe tools of psychologybring more lasting benefits than drugs.you wouldnt know this if you sought help from a typical clinical psychologist. although many treatments are effective, relatively few psychologists learn or practice them.why in the world not? for one thing, says baker, clinical psychologists are “very doubtful about the role of science” and “lack solid science training”. also, one third of patients get better no matter what treatment (if any) they have, “and psychologists remember these successes, believing, wrongly, that they are the result of the treatment.”when faced with evidence that treatments they offer are not supported by science, clinical psychologists argue that they know better than some study that works. a 2008 study of 591 psychologists in private practice found that they rely more on their own and colleagues experience than on science when deciding how to treat a patient. if they keep on this path as insurance companies demand evidence-based medicine, warns mischel, psychology will “discredit itself.”16. many clinical psychologists fail to provide the most effective treatments because _.a. they are unfamiliar with their patients b. they believe in science and evidencec. they depend on their colleagues help d. they rely on their personal experiences17.the widening gap between clinical practice and science is due to _.a. the cruel judgment by walter mischelb. the fact that most patients get better after being treatedc. the great progress that has been made in psychological researchd. the fact that patients prefer to take drugs rather than have other treatments18.how do clinical psychologists respond when charged that their treatments are not supported by science?a. they feel embarrassed. b. they try to defend themselves.c. they are disappointed. d. they doubt their treatments.19.in mischels opinion, psychology will _.a. destroy its own reputation if no improvement is madeb. develop faster with the support of insurance companiesc. work together with insurance companies to provide better treatmentd. become more reliable if insurance companies wont demand evidence-based medicine20.what is the purpose of this passage?a. to show the writers disapproval of clinical psychologists.b. to inform the readers of the risks of psychological treatments.c. to explain the effectiveness of treatments by clinical psychologists.d. to introduce the latest progress of medical treatment in clinical psychology.参考答案 1620 dcbaa*结束hans was an honest fellow with a funny round good-humored faceliving alone, every day he worked in his gardenin all the countryside there was no garden so lovely as hisall sorts of flowers grew there, blooming in their proper order as the months went by, one flower taking another flowers place, so that there were always beautiful things to see, and pleasant odors to smell hans had many friends, the most devoted being the millerso devoted was the rich miller to hans that hed never go by his garden without plucking a large bunch of flowers or a handful of sweet herbs, or filling his pockets with fruitsthe miller used to talk about noble ideas, and hans nodded and smiled, feeling proud of having such a friend the neighbors thought it strange that the rich miller never gave hans anything in return, though he had hundreds of sacks of flour, many cows and sheep, but hans never troubled his head about these, and nothing gave him greater pleasure than to listen to all the wonderful things about the unselfishness of true friendship in spring, summer, and autumn hans was very happy, but when winter came, and he had no fruit or flowers to sell, he suffered from cold and hungerthough extremely lonely, the miller never came to see him then “theres no good in going to see hans while the snow lasts” the miller said to his wife, “when people are in trouble they shouldnt be botheredso ill wait till the spring comes when hes happy to give me flowers” “youre certainly very thoughtful,” answered his wife, “its quite a treat to hear you talk about friendship” “couldnt we ask hans up here?” said their son“ill give him half my meal, and show him my white rabbits” “how silly you are!” cried the miller“i really dont know whats the use of sending you to schoolif hans came up here, and saw our warm fire, our good supper, and our red wine, he might get envious, and envy is a most terrible thing, and would spoil anybodys naturei am his best friend, and ill always watch over him, and see that hes not led into any temptationbesides, if hans came here, he might ask me for some flourflour is one thing, and friendship is another, and they shouldnt be confusedthe words are spelt differently, and mean quite different thingseverybody can see that” he looked seriously at his son, who felt so ashamed that he hung his head down, and grew quite scared, and began to cry into his tea spring coming, the miller went down to see hansagain he talked about friendship“hans, friendship never forgetsim afraid you dont understand the poetry of lifesee, how lovely your roses are!” hans said he wanted to sell them in the market to buy back his things which were sold during the hard time of the winter “ill give you many good thingsi think being generous is the base of friendship” said the miller“and now, as ill give you many good things, im sure youd like to give me some flowers in returnheres the basket, and fill it quite full” poor hans was afraid to say anythinghe ran and plucked all his pretty roses, and filled the millers basket, imagining the many good things promised by the miller the next day he heard the miller calling: “hans, would you mind carrying this sack of flour for me to market?” “im sorry, but i am really very busy today” “well,” said the miller, “considering that im going to give you my things, its rather unfriendly of you to refuseupon my word, you mustnt mind my speaking quite plainly to you” poor hans was driven by his friendship theory to work hard for his best friend, leaving his garden dry and wasted one evening hans was sitting by fire when the mille