Unit 6,Book 4.doc

新视野大学英语综合技能训练 Teachers Book Unit 6, Book 4Unit 6Part WritingA. 四、六级作文批驳类模板(批驳观点)1. 写作流程某种做法与支持这种做法的观点。从两方面进行批驳。下结论。2. 经典模版Outline: 1. 现在有很多青少年出国留学。2. 有些人认为这种做法是有益的。3. 我认为这种观点是不对的。My View on Teenagers Studying AbroadRecently it seems that among the students who choose to study abroad, there are more and more teenagers who study in high schools or even elementary schools. Many people, especially the parents, think it will certainly do good to their children because the independent life will make them learn confidence and perseverance. Moreover, the quality of overseas education is often higher, thus the child stands a better chance of entering a better university and getting a better job in the future. After careful consideration, I have to say the above view is more than biased. On the one hand, early independent life is not necessarily good, if the child cannot receive proper guidance and tender care from both teachers and parents. On the other hand, the educational quality is also a questiontoo many foreign universities aim at earning money. When the children come back, who can guarantee that they can adapt to the fierce competition here?We can see clearly that although teenagers studying abroad may bring favorable results, there are still a lot to worry about. It seems necessary for young students to make a careful investigation before going abroad. 【结构点评】本文第一段指出当前某种普遍的做法，紧接着分两点说明了人们支持这种做法的原因。第二段首句鲜明地表示了自己反驳的意见，然后分两点来阐述。最后一段包括两句话: 第一句采用了宾语从句嵌套让步状语从句的写法这是以退为进的做法，请大家注意学习这一类的句型；第二句请当事人在做出决定前多加斟酌，写得入情入理。B. 范文My View on College Students Doing HouseworkRecently it seems that college students do less and less houseworksome of them leave it to the parents, and others even pay for the job. Many people, especially the parents, think it is nothing unreasonable in that the chief task of their children is to study and housework is of no importance. Moreover, housework costs time and energy. If students do not have to worry about housework, they can do better in their study. After careful consideration, I have to say the above view is more than biased. On the one hand, housework is a preparation for life, and how can we expect a child to work hard at school if he wont and cant do housework at home? On the other hand, it is true that housework takes up some time, but who can guarantee that the students will certainly study if they dont do the housework? On the contrary, I believe, doing housework makes a person more efficient. We can see clearly that although doing housework may cost some time and energy, it can benefit college students a lot if they form the habit. It seems necessary for young students to make a careful investigation before refusing housework. Part Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)New Words and Expressionscramp: n.痉挛spore: n.孢子mayonnaise: n.蛋黄酱clostridium perfringens: n.产气荚膜梭菌vibrio parahaemolyticus: n.副溶血弧菌listeria monocytogenes: n.单核增生李斯特菌【短文大意】本篇是说明文。现代生活方式的改变带来新的风险，其中之一就是细菌性食物中毒。第一部分：食物中毒是怎样发生的；第二部分：食物是如何被污染的；第三部分：如何防止食物被污染；第四部分：一些常见的导致食物中毒的细菌。1. 【答案与详解】Y。细节题。本文的第一段首句“Changing lifestyles in the modern world have resulted in an increased demand for fast foods”和题中所描述的“近来，随着生活方式的变化人们对快餐类食品的需求逐渐增加”正好符合，因此选Y。2. 【答案与详解】N。细节题。根据本文第二段最后一句“However, given the right conditions, bacteria can multiply very rapidly.”，虽然“multiply”相当于“grow very quickly”，但是少了一个非常重要的条件，即“given the right conditions.”，这句话就不成立了，因此选N。3. 【答案与详解】N。细节题。根据第二段中“Usually, it takes large numbers of food poisoning bacteria to be present in food in order to cause illness.”，可知原文中“large numbers of bacteria”与题目中“one bacterium”不符，因此选N。4. 【答案与详解】NG。细节题。文章中虽然提到了很多可能导致食物中毒的食品，但是并没有提及水果是否新鲜与食物中毒有任何联系，因此选NG。5. 【答案与详解】Y。细节题。根据本文中小标题，我们可以很快找到Salmonella(沙门氏菌)这个部分“672 hours after consuming contaminated food. Symptoms can last 35 days.”，注意“longer than 24 hours”与原文内容是相符的，因此选Y。6. 【答案与详解】N。细节题。根据本文中“During storage”部分“raw food should always be stored in the lowest part Store food in clean non-toxic washable containers or cover with foil or plastic film”，可见如果摆放位置适当，或者在食品上套上保鲜膜之类的东西就可以有效避免被污染，因此选N。7. 【答案与详解】Y。细节题。根据本文中“During storage”部分可以知道适合细菌繁殖的温度是“between 5 and 60”，所以在75下烹饪被细菌侵蚀的食物能有效防止食物中毒，因此选Y。8. 【答案与详解】multiply。根据本文第二段“given the right conditions, bacteria can multiply very rapidly.”，“如果条件合适，细菌繁殖非常快”，所以答案是“multiply”。9. 【答案与详解】Cross contamination。根据本文第三段倒数第二句“A common way that food can become contaminated, is through cross contamination.”，可知“食品被污染的常见方式就是通过交叉污染”，所以答案是“Cross contamination”。10.【答案与详解】storage of food。根据本文“Staphylococcusaureus”部分“Note”中的内容“The toxin is not destroyed during cooking so correct storage of food before and after cooking is essential.”，可以知道食品烹饪前后的储藏方法是至关重要的，同时要注意“toxin”和“poison”之间的替换，所以答案是“storage of food”。Part Listening ComprehensionA答案与详解Section A11.【答案与详解】B。时间细节题。根据男士的话“ I wonder if you have three single rooms for two nights.”，可知他想在旅馆住两夜。12.【答案与详解】C。综合推断题。根据男士的话“Ive been busy typing all day long, and Ive got a stiff neck and sore shoulders.”，可知他由于工作过度导致精疲力尽。13.【答案与详解】C。But句型转折题。根据女士的话“Id like to, but we have visitors from Finland, perhaps next week.”，可知下周她家有客人来所以不能去男士家吃晚饭。14.【答案与详解】B。综合推断题。根据女士的话“Just because you lost, is that a reason to quit?”， 可以推断出她想让男士重新考虑他的决定。15.【答案与详解】B。综合推断题。根据女士的话“Mr. Smith, Id like to talk to you about my term paper. When will it be convenient?”，可知她想和男士讨论学期论文的事情，所以推断出男士是老师。16.【答案与详解】D。地点细节题。根据男士的话“I would have, but after buying a new camera especially for that trip, I left it in the car with my friend who drove me to the airport.”，可以知道他把照相机落到朋友的车里了。17.【答案与详解】B。综合推断题。根据女士的话“Smile. I want a picture of you.”，可以推断出她想给男士照相。18.【答案与详解】A。综合推断题。根据男士的话“They are pursuing their work, but arent as busy as they once were.”，可以推断出弗莱德和艾丽丝以前更忙。19.【答案与详解】B。主旨题。通过全篇内容我们可以知道这段对话主要介绍一种测量重量的标准计量单位。20.【答案与详解】A。细节题。根据男士的话“Well, the people in our department use it to check the scales all over the country.”，可以知道标准砝码是用来检测天平的准确性的。21.【答案与详解】C。细节题。根据男士的话“It had to be replaced because it was imprecise. You know it was made of poor quality metal.”，可以知道替换的原因是原来的标准砝码是用质量很差的金属制造的，因此不够准确。22.【答案与详解】C。观点态度题。根据男士的答话“Im sure it is.”，可知道他认为物有所值。23.【答案与详解】B。细节题。根据男士的答话“Sara, Ive been looking forward to our yearly camp out for three weeks. Its going to be a wonderful day for hiking tomorrow.”，可以知道他们在计划徒步旅行。24.【答案与详解】A。地点细节题。根据女士的话“I left them next to the picnic table.”，可以知道扑克牌落在野餐餐桌旁了。25.【答案与详解】B。观点态度题。根据男士的话“Hmm, why dont we just make the best of it here and hope the weather clears.”，可以知道男士建议在宿营地过夜。Section B Passage One【短文大意】我们日常生活中充满了这样或那样的命令或指令，而且学会遵守或给出各类命令或指令对于我们的日常生活有着重要意义。比如：出示车票身份证这类的指令都是简单的日常指令。另外，按照说明书烘烤面包或蛋糕就是遵守时间顺序指令的好例子。26.【答案与详解】C。细节题。根据原文，A项“我们的生活中到处充满指令。”；B项“我们对于大多数指令都会自动做出反应。”；D项“并不是所有的指令都是可以被忽略的。”，都在原文提到过，所以C“许多人知道他们指令的确切数目。”是错误叙述。27.【答案与详解】B。综合判断题。根据原文“They are all examples of simple instructions.”，可以判断出前面提到的出示火车票是遵守简单日常指令的好例子。28.【答案与详解】A。综合判断题。根据原文“Sequential instructions are not so simple.”，可以判断出本段中提到的如何烘烤面包是遵守时间顺序指令的好例子。Passage Two【短文大意】本文主要介绍圣经所讲述的主要内容以及研究者们研究圣经的意义。圣经主要是讲授基督教的道义和犹太民族的上帝，圣经还是一本贯通地理和历史的典著。研究者们研究圣经是为了找到线索从而了解圣经所记录时期人们生活的相关信息。研究者认为圣经是帮助他们了解中东地区古代史的一个有价值的工具。29.【答案与详解】C。细节题。根据原文“The researcher is interested in the historical clues in the Bible which can lead the researcher to knowledge of people of the ancient world when the Bible was written.”，可以知道研究者们研究圣经是因为里面包含了历史信息，这些信息可以帮助他们了解撰写圣经那个时期的古代社会人们的生活。30.【答案与详解】A。细节题。根据原文“The Bible, while mainly a book that was written with the purpose of explaining the ideals and moral laws of the Christian and Jewish God, is also a book of history and geography.”，可以知道圣经这本书的主要目的是讲授基督教的道义和犹太民族的上帝，它还是一本贯通地理和历史的典著。31.【答案与详解】C。细节题。根据原文“The smallest details about persons and places and events in the history portions of the Bible, or the biographies of such Biblical heroes as Abraham, Moses, or David, can lead, if properly researched, to important historical discoveries.”，可以知道他们是生活在圣经时代的英雄。Passage Three【短文大意】本文主要讲述英国父母在决定送孩子入学时所面临的一些艰难抉择。比如：送孩子去什么样的学校？孩子在校的培养是应该侧重技能、性格还是社会道德？当家长们对传统的教育失望之后他们可能开始考虑是否必须强迫孩子去上学等问题。32.【答案与详解】D。细节题。根据原文“In theory, the problem is that there are very many choices to make.”，可知英国父母在送孩子上学的时候深感困惑的原因是他们得做出太多选择。33.【答案与详解】D。判断题。根据原文：“only available to the small number of those who can pay.”，“只有少数家长才能支付得起私立学校的高昂学费。”判断出D项“许多家长能支付得起私立学校的高昂学费。”是错误的叙述。34.【答案与详解】C。推断题。根据原文“the question might even arise in the parents minds as to whether the child should be forced to go to school at all.”，可以推断出当家长们对传统的教育感到失望之后，他们或许开始考虑也许应该让孩子在家里受教育，所以C是正确答案。35.【答案与详解】B。句意理解题。根据原文“or one of the very small but celebrated minority of private schools, though this choice is, of course, only available to the small number of those who can pay.”，可以知道B项“只有少数家长能负担起少数驰名的私立学校。”是正确答案。Section C 【短文大意】本文主要介绍高效快捷地了解报刊类文章大意的一些常用技巧。通常来讲首段会包含文章主要观点，接下来的三、四个段落通常介绍所发生事情的主要细节，读者只通过四、五个段落便可知全文大意。直接引用部分不包含任何新信息，其余段落包含事例、相关人员的反应以及对该新闻影响力的讨论。专题文章一般以场景或情况描述作为开始，通过前四、五个自然段读者就可以知道该文章是何专题。How Do You Become an Efficient Newspaper Reader?By understanding a storys format and the theory behind it, you often can tell in less than 30 seconds what the report is (36) saying and whether its of interest to you. Usually, the leading paragraph contains the storys main point and most (37) critical factors. Therefore, its important to read it carefully to get a (38) basic idea what the story is about. The next three or four paragraphs of a news story usually give (39) essential details of what happened, who is (40) involved, when, where, why and how it happened. It also gives an (41) immediate result of, or reaction to, the news itself and (42) provides background information to help you understand it. A person should not have to finish the article to understand it, just the first four or five paragraphs. Direct (43) quotations do not include new information. (44) They either support a statement or simply add color and entertainment. The rest of a new story contains examples, reactions from people concerned, and discussions about the impact of the news. (45) Feature stories may start with a description of the scene or an example or case study instead of high-impact facts. This first paragraph signals to readers that the story is not about a current event but something that is more permanent. (46) Within the first four or five paragraphs, readers still should be able to get to the point of what the feature is about. BScript of Unit 6Section A11. M: I wonder if you have three single rooms for two nights. W: No, Im sorry. All the single rooms are taken, we have double rooms. Q: How long does the man want to stay in the hotel?12. M: Im about worn out. Ive been busy typing all day long, and Ive got a stiff neck and sore shoulders. Guess Im really getting old. W: Dont be silly. You just need a good rest. Q: What is the mans real problem? 13. M: Why dont you come to our house for dinner some time next week? W: Id like to, but we have visitors from Finland, perhaps next week. Q: Why cant the woman accept the mans invitation?14. M: I think Im going to give up playing table tennis. I lost again today. W: Just because you lost, is that a reason to quit? Q: What does the woman suggest that the man do?15. W: Mr. Smith, Id like to talk to you about my term paper. When will it be convenient? M: What about four oclock tomorrow afternoon? Q: Who is the man?16. W: You must have enjoyed using your new camera on your trip. M: I would have, but after buying a new camera especially for that trip, I left it in the car with my friend who drove me to the airport. Q: What did the man say about his camera?17. M: What are you doing with the camera? W: Smile. I want a picture of you. Q: What is the woman going to do?18. W: I havent seen Fred or Alice recently. M: They are pursuing their work, but arent as busy as they once were. Q: What do you learn from this conversation?Now youll hear two long conversations.Conversation OneW: Dr. Thomas? This is Tracy Owens from the Daily News. Id like to ask you some questions about the new official standard weight that you purchased. M: Id be happy to help you. What would you like to know?W: First of all, how is the standard weight used?M: Well, the people in our department use it to check the scales all over the country. As the department of weights and measures, we are a government agency. Its our responsibility to see that all the scales measure a kilogram accurately so this is the way we use to adjust the scales. W: How did you check the scales before?M: We have an old standard weight that we used to use. It had to be replaced because it was imprecise. You see it was made of poor quality metal. It absorbed too much moisture. W: Oh. So when the weather was humid it weighed more and when it was dry it weighed less. M: Exactly. And that variation can affect the standards of the whole country. So our department has this new weight made out of higher quality metal. W: How much did it cost?M: About 45,000 dollars. W: 45,000 dollars? For a one kilogram weight? Thats more expensive than gold. Is it really worth that much?M: Im sure it is. Industries depend on our government agency to monitor the accuracy of scales so that when they buy and sell their products there is one standard. Think of the drug industry, for example, those companies rely on high accuracy scales to manufacture and package medicine. Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. What is the conversation mainly about?20. How is the weight used?21. Why was it necessary to replace the old standard weight?22. What does Dr. Thomas probably think about the cost of the new weight?Conversation TwoM: Sara, Ive been looking forward to our yearly camp out for three weeks. Its going to be a wonderful day for hiking tomorrow. The great outdoors. Camping under the stars. This is the life. W: Yeah, but Paul, Im a little bit worried about the weather. The weatherman said it was going to rain later tonight.M: Ah. Nonsense. Nothing can spoil our adventure. Those weather reports are never right. W: And it said there was a chance of high winds. M: Ah. Dont worry. thunderW: Paul. Paul. Did you remember to bring our raincoats just in case, like I told you? light rainM: Uh.no. I left them on the front porch. heavy rainW: What are we going to do now?M: Well have to sleep in the car! Hurry, get in!door shutW: So, Paul, what are we going to do now?M: How about playing a card game?W: Uh. I left them next to the picnic table.HmmmHey, you dont want me to go out in this rain and get them, do you?M: No. Thats okay. So what now?W: Well, we could head down the mountain and stay at that hotel we passed on the way up, or go home. M: Hmm, why dont we just make the best of it here and hope the weather clears. W: Thats a good idea. Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23. What were they planning in the morning?24. Where did Sara leave the playing cards?25. What did they finally decide to do? Section BPassage OneIn our everyday life we are surrounded by instructions; so much so that we fail to realize just how many, and just how automatic is our response to most of them. There are differences in content and form, of course. Some are stronger than others; its safe to ignore some, but not others. If I travel to work by car, I am surrounded by commands in the form of colored light, signs, symbols and numbers. If I go by train, I am told to show my ticket, whether or not I can smoke, or not to stick my head out of the window. When I arrive at college, a notice tells me that I must show my identity card to get in. They are all examples of simple instructions. Sequential instructions are not so simple. For example, food preparation instructions tell us how to cook and bake, patterns how to knit and sew, maps how to get from A to B. And every tool or mechanical device we buy comes complete with instructions to which we must refer to make the equipment function properly. So being able to follow and give instruction is vital. Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard. 26. Which of the following statements is NOT true of instructions?27. Which of the following is a good example of simple everyday instructions?28. Which one is a good example of sequential instructions?Passage Two The Bible, while mainly a book that was written with the purpose of explaining the ideals and moral laws of the Christian and Jewish God, is also a book of history and geography. Selected historical materials were included in the writings for the purpose of making the ideas and religious teaching of the Bible clearer. Historians and researchers have learned to depend on the amazing, historically correct writings in the Bible. The smallest details about persons and places and events in the history portions of the Bible, or the biographies of such Biblical heroes as Abraham, Moses, or David, can lead, if properly researched, to important historical discoveries. The researchers efforts are not directed at proving that the Bible is correct in its ideas about God which is neither necessary nor possible since belief in God cannot be scientifically proved. The researcher is interested in the historical clues in the Bible which can lead the researcher to knowledge of people of the ancient world when the Bible was written. It also helps them to know about the religious practices of those people who did not believe in god. The bible has also pointed experts to locations of lost cities. Researchers consider it a valuable tool for understanding the ancient history of the Middle East. Questions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.29. Why do researchers study the Bible?30. What is the main p