宾语从句讲解ppt课件.ppt

宾语从句 Grammar 1 Iknowhim 2 Iknowwhoheis 主语 谓语 宾语 简单句 主语 谓语 宾语从句 引导词 从句主语 从句谓语 主句 复合句 2 宾语可以放在及物动词 形容词sorry sure afraid glad等 介词 worryabout thinkabout findout等 后 I msorry that Idon tknow We resure that ourteamwillwin I mafraid that Iwon tpasstheexam Theyfoundoutwhobrokethewindows I mthinkingaboutwhocanwinthematch 3 宾语从句1 定义 用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句 2 构成 主句 引导词 简单句 主语 谓语 3 引导宾语从句的引导词有三类 1 从属连词that 如 4 一 引导词1 当宾语从句是由陈述句变化而来 由that引导 that在从句中不作任何成分 没有具体含义 可以省略 Heisacleverboy Ithink Ithink that heisacleverboy Doyouknow ThefamoussingerwillcometoYantai DoyouknowthatthefamoussingerwillcometoYantai 5 2 当宾语从句是一般疑问句时 由whether或if引导 翻译成 是否 不能省略 语序为陈述语序 Sheaskedmeif whethertheboycoulddrawahorse Lilywantedtoknow Doeshergrandmalikethedog Lilywantedtoknowif whetherhergrandmalikedthedog Sheaskedme Cantheboydrawahorse 6 if whether 是否 引导宾语从句以下情况4种情况只用whether不用if 与不定式todo连用 只用whethertodoIdon tknowwhethertostayathome 2 作介词的宾语Theoldmanisworriedaboutwhethertheycanfindoutthethief 7 3 Whether引导的从句放在句首时Whetherwecanarrivethereontime Iamnotsure 4 whether ornot固定结构Idon tknowwhetherhelikesthehouseornot IwanttoknowwhetherwecangoskatingonSaturdayoronSunday 8 Couldyoutellmewhetherthat safasttrainornot Doyouknowwhetherheisrightornot Idon tcarewhetherhe llstayhereornot 9 3 当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时 由疑问代词代词 what who whom which whose 或疑问副词 when where how why 引导 这些疑问词本身在从句中做一定成分不可以省略 语序用陈述语序 Whatdoyouwanttosay Icanthink Icanthinkwhatyouwanttosay Idon tremember Whendidtheyarrive Idon trememberwhenwearrived 10 Doyouknowwhentheplanewillleave Iaskedhim HowcanIgetsomuchmoney IaskedhimhowIcouldgetsomuchmoney Doyouknow Whenwilltheplaneleave 11 下列句子改为宾语从句时语序不变 What sthematter What swrong Whathappenedtoyou What shappening WhoteachesyouEnglish 12 4 带how的词组howmany howmuch howsoon howlong howoften等也都可以引导宾语从句 Couldyoutellushowoftenyougotoseeyourgrandma Couldyoutellushowlongthemeetingwilllast Idon tknowhowfaritistothecinema Pleasetellushowmanystudentsthereareinyourschool Canyoutellushowoldhisbrotheris Pleasetellushowsoonyouwillcomeback Couldyoutellushowmuchthepicturecosts 13 二 时态如果主句是一般现在时 一般将来时 祈使句时 从句的时态可根据实际情况而定 Iknowheliveshere Iknowhelivedheretenyearsago Iknowthathewillcometomorrow 14 2 如果主句是过去时 从句的时态一定要用相对应的过去的某种时态 包括一般过去时 过去进行时 过去将来时 Iknewwholivedhere Isawshewastalkingwithhermother Heaskedwhetherhisfatherwouldcomebacktomorrow 15 3 当从句是客观真理 自然现象 谚语 名言警句时用一般现在时 Theteachersaidthatthesuntravelsaroundtheearth Theteachersaidthatthereare7daysaweek Hetoldmethatlighttravelsfasterthansound 16 三 宾语从句的语序 陈述语序 主句 引导词 主语 谓语 宾语从句 17 1 Whenwillhegotothelibrary Hisbrotheraskswhenhewillgotothelibrary Hisbrotheraskswhenwillhegotothelibrary 2 Whatdoeshewanttobuy Idon tknowwhathewantstobuy Idon tknowwhatdoeshewanttobuy 3 Whoarewegoingtomeet Canyoutellmewhowearegoingtomeet Canyoutellmewhoarewegoingtomeet 18 四 标点 宾语从句的标点由主句决定 主句标点是句号 则整个句子句末的标点是句号 主句的标点是问号 则整句话的标点是问号 Doyouknowwhentheplanewillleave Doyouknow Whenwilltheplaneleave HeasksifIlikeplayingthepiano 19 五 人称 IwillgotoShanghai Shesays Momaskedme Areyouhappy Theteacherasked WhenwillXiaoleicomeback ShesaysthatshewillgotoShanghai MomaskedmeifIwashappy TheteacheraskedwhenXiaoleiwouldcomeback 一主 二宾 三不变 20 变宾语从句四步骤 确定引导词改变人称调整语序 时态标点符号 21 宾语从句注意事项 22 当宾语从句是由祈使句转换来时 通常把sayto变为tellsb todo或asksb todo 否定祈使句则变为tellsb nottodo或asksb nottodo Theteachersaidtous Keepquiet Momsaid Don tbelate Theteacheraskedustokeepquiet Momaskedusnottobelate 23 1 Could Wouldyouplease 是委婉语气 而不是过去式 因此宾语从句的时态根据实际情况用不同时态 Couldyoutellme Wherewecango Couldyoutellme WhichonedoIhavetochoose Wouldyouliketoknow Whenwillhecomeback 24 2 否定前移Ithink believe等动词后的宾语从句如果是否定 要将not移到主句的谓语动词上 Hewon tcomehere Ithink 2 Ibelieve Hewasn tathief Idon tthinkhewillcomehere Idon tthinkhewillcomehere willhe Idon tbelievehewasathief Idon tbelievehewasathief washe 25 3 宾语从句的特殊语序 主句是Doyouthink believe suppose 宾语从句是由特殊疑问词引导的 要用 疑问词 doyouthink believe suppose 陈述语序 26 1 Whathappenedtohim Doyouthink 2 Doyouthink WhatSallywillbein10years 3 Doyouthink Whocanhelpyou Whatdoyouthinkhappenedtohim WhatdoyouthinkSallywillbein10years Whodoyouthinkistheclevereststudent 27 4 宾语从句的简化 宾语从句转化为简单句 28 1 当hope decide agree等后面有宾语从句时 如果两个主语一致 可以简化为hopetodo decidetodo agreetodo Momhopesthatshecancomebacksoon TheydecidedthattheywouldvisitXiamen HeagreesthathecanhelpJohnwithChinese Momhopestocomebacksoon TheydecidedtovisitXiamen HeagreestohelpJohnwithChinese 29 2 teach tell show 疑问词 宾语从句从句的主语与主句的宾语一致可简化为疑问词 todo Canyoutellme HowcanIgettotheairport Couldyouteachme HowcanIusethemachine Canyoutellme WhatShouldIdo Canyoutellmehowtogettotheairport Couldyouteachhowtousethemachine Canyoutellmewhattodo 30 疑问词 宾语从句疑问词词 todo Idon tknowwhatIshoulddonext Idon tknowwhattodonext Shedidn tdecidewhichoneshewouldchoose Shedidn tdecidewhichonetochoose IwonderifIwillleaveforShanghai IwonderwhethertoleaveforShanghai 31 5 Ifind think feel it 形容词 todo Ifind think feel it 形容词 that从句 Ifinditinterestingtoplaywithhim 改为复合句 Ithoughtiteasytoworkouttheproblem Ifinditisinterestingtoplaywithhim Ithoughtitwaseasytoworkouttheproblem 32 Sb seemtodo Itseemsthatsb doSb seemedtodo Itseemedthatsb did Heseemstotellalie Itseemedthathewastired Itseemsthathetellsalie Heseemedtobetired 6 33 1 Doyouknowif backnextweek Ifhe back pleaseletmeknow A hecomes willcomeB willhecome comesC hewillcome comesD hewillcome willcome 6 连词if和when在不同从句中的区别 C 2 Idon tknowwhenhe come Ican twaithereanymore Whenhe come wouldyoupleaseaskhimtocallme willcome comes 34 if如果 条件状语 when当 时 时间状语无将来 主将从现 if是否 when何时宾语从句各种时态有 35 1 Whenwillhegotothelibrary Hisbrotherasks 2 Whatdoeshewanttobuy Ididn tknow 3 Whoarewegoingtomeet Canyoutellme whenhewillgotothelibrary whathewantedtobuy whowearegoingtomeet 36 Whendoesthetrainarrive Pleasetellme Pleasetellme 2 Whatdoeshedo Doyouknow Doyouknow he 3 Dotheywantfriedchicken Heaskedtheboys Heaskedtheboys they friedchicken 4 WasthewatchmadeinShanghai Idon tknow Idon tknow thewatch madeinShanghai 37 1 Theyoungmanasked it ssummerorwinter A eitherB thatC weatherD whether2 Wedon tknow theydidit A howB whoC whatD which3 Theteachera