高中英语 Unit4 Earthquakes词汇重点新人教版必修1.doc

人教新课标版高一必修1重点提炼：Unit 4 Earthquakes词汇突破一、重难词汇突破：1.imagine vt. “想象，设想”讲We cant imagine life without any water.我们无法想象没有水的生活。注：1）imagine一般不能用于进行时，但和always,all the time,these days等时间状语连用，用于进行时，带有某种感情色彩。2）动名词复合结构中，可用普通格代替所有格。She is always imagine dangers that dont exist.她总是想象那些根本不存在的危险。I can hardly imagine Peter sailing across the Atlantic Ocean in five days.我几乎不能想象彼得五天之内横渡大西洋。Can you imagined that he left without even a word?你能设想他甚至一句话不说就离开吗？I cant imagine why people speak against her.我无法想象为什么人们说她的闲话。I imagine her(to be)beautiful and soft.我把她想象得既温柔又漂亮。【明辨易混】imagine, guess, supposeguess 表示缺乏任何依据和资料而凭主观想象的武断。Now the other students open their eyes, and guess who has eraser.现在其他学生睁开眼睛，猜橡皮擦在谁手中。imagine指设想与众所周知的事实相反的东西，尤其错误的猜想，也可表示猜想的东西没有确定性，只是脑海中的一种印象。I cant imagine such a life.我不能想象这种生活。suppose着重用在以试探的方法提出建议或意见，使之被人接受，含有虽不确切，但乍见似是正确的想法，近似于think但比think缺少根据。主要用于口语，表示主语根据自己的知识和经验来“猜想”，也可表示无把握的料想。Lets suppose he is telling a lie.让我们假定他在说谎。【学以致用】1)I imagine him_a tall and handsome man. 2)Imagine yourself_in my place.What will you do? 3)I didnt imagine _(become) a doctor in my childhood. 4)I _you could give a talk instead. 5) _what I have in my hand. 6)We can hardly _ life without electricity. _7)There is a story here in the paper about a 110-year-old man. My goodness! I cant imagine _ that old. A. to beB. to have beenC. beingD. having been答案：1）(as 2）to be 3) becoming 4) suppose 5) Guess 6) imagine7)答案C。考查imagine的用法。imagine(想象)后用动名词作宾语。本句意思为：我无法想象那么老。本题不强调完成。2）shake vt.&vi.(使)震动；(使)摇动；(使)发抖n.摇动,颤抖, 震动；握手1)The house shook as the train went past.火车经过时，房子摇晃起来。2)His voice shook (with emotion) as he announced the news.他宣布这一消息时, 声音(因激动)有些颤抖.3)I feel the shakes of my hands when I am excited.当我兴奋时，我觉得出我的手在颤抖4)The sudden shake of my bed woke me up .床突然的震动弄醒了我。【拓展联想】shake down安下心来shake up使震惊，使不安shake off 摆脱 shake it up快点，赶紧 in half a shake立刻shake ones headnod ones head摇头点头shake sbby the handshake ones hand跟某人握手shake with angerfearlaughter气得怕得笑得发抖【明辨易混】shake 与quake, tremble：这组动词都有摇动，震动或发抖，震颤之意。其区别在于：shake 既可作及物动词（意为摇动，震动），也可作不及物动词（意为抖动）。是这组词中最普通使用的词，而且是惟一能表达被某人或某物摆动的词；quake 不及物动词，意为颤动，震动，发抖，指较强烈的震动，在表因恐惧，寒冷等而发抖时，可与shake 换用；tremble 也是不及物动词，意为战栗，震颤，发抖，指轻微的震动，尤指焦虑不安或紧张。例如：I shook her by the shoulder. 我摇动她的肩膀。The ground quaked under his feet. 地在他脚下震动。Her hands trembled with eagerness as she opened the letter.因为急于想看，她的手在拆信时直发抖。【学以致用】On July 28, 1976, the city of Tangshan _ by a terrible earthquake. Aquaked BtrembledCwas shaken Dshook答案 C。句意：在1976 年7 月28 日，唐山市受到一阵可怕的地震的震撼。选项A、B、D 都是不及物动词，只有 C 是及物动词的被动语态，与 by 短语搭配正合适。3. burst v.&n. 爆裂, 爆发, 突然破裂1).The red balloon suddenly burst. 那个红色的气球突然爆了。2). The police burst through the door. 警察破门而入。3). On hearing the news, Leslie burst into laughter while Tracy burst out crying. 一听到这则消息，Leslie突然大笑，而Tracy则突然大哭起来。4). A burst of hand-clapping followed the ending of the song. 歌声结束后响起了一阵掌声。【知识拓展】burst into突然闯进。 burst into song突然大声唱起来burst into tearslaughter突然大哭大笑起来 burst out cryinglaughing突然大哭大笑起来【学以致用】中译英1). 水管在寒冷的天气里经常冻裂。_2). 太阳突然从云端里露出来。_答案: 1).Water-pipes often burst in cold weather.2). The sun burst through the clouds.4.injure vt.&vi.损害；伤害。如：She was injured badly in the accident.她在事故中受了重伤。Didnt you know your words injured her pride？你不知道你的话伤害了她的自尊心吗？ 【明辨易混】harm/hurt/injure/wound1)harm表示引起对身体、物质或精神上的严重损害，常指伤害人的肉体、损坏东西以及损害健康、品质、事业等。如：Hard drinking will harm your stomach.过量饮酒会伤胃。2)hurt常指思想感情方面的伤害，含有引起极大苦恼之意，当指肉体上的伤害时，强调疼痛的剧烈程度，且hurt的过去分词只能作表语，不能作定语，而本组内的其它动词则无此限制。如：My head still hurts.我的头仍然很疼。3)injure着重指人的容貌、内部器官、生理机能的损害，常与harm通用，但更强调伤势的严重，也可指对人精神的伤害。如：You will injure yourself by smoking too much.过度抽烟对你的身体有害。4)wound专指外力对身体造成的伤害，尤其指战争和灾害中的受伤，一般指外伤，不指内伤，它也可指感情、荣誉等方面的创伤。作为及物动词，它的宾语是整个人，而不是受伤的部位。如：What you have said has seriously wounded Maggies feelings你说的话伤透了麦琪的感情。注意：the wounded 和the injured都表示集合意义，意为“全部伤员”，作主语时，谓语要用复数形式。如：The injured/The wounded were sent to the clinic immediately.所有伤员都被立刻送往诊所治疗。【学以致用】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空1). I dont believe those fairy tales will_ our students. 2)It _ me when you talk like that你那样同我说话，我很心痛。3)Most people protect themselves from _ to their self-esteem.大多数人保护自己使自尊心不受伤害 。4)The bullet _ the soldier in the head子弹击伤了这个战士的头部。5)Mike didnt play football yesterday because he had _ his leg. A. damaged B. hurt C. hit D. struck答案：1）harm 2）hurts 3）injury 4）wounded5)B。迈克昨天没有踢足球，因为他摔伤了腿。表示“肉体上的伤害多用hurt”,故选B。5. rescue n.&vt. 援救，营救1). The police came to his rescue and pulled him out of the river. 警察来救他，把他从河里拉了出来。2). The rescue team made countless rescues during the earthquake. 营救队在这次地震期间进行了无数次救援。3). Michael rescued a boy from drowning. 迈克把溺水的男孩救了起来。【知识拓展】rescue sb./ sth. from sb./ sp. 把.从营救出来come to/ go to sbs rescue = rescue sb. 援救某人 a rescue team 救援队a rescue mission 救援任务 rescue workers 救援人员【学以致用】用rescue的适当形式填空1). The mother, along with her two children, _from the sinking boat by a passing ship.2). The firemen _ five children from the burning house yesterday. 答案: 1). has been rescued 2). rescued6. judge n.&v. 法官，鉴赏家，裁判，判断，估计1). His father used to be a judge. 他的父亲过去是一名法官。2). Shes a good judge of wine. 她是鉴别酒的专家。3). The blind cant judge colors. 盲人无法判断颜色。4). Dont judge a man by his looks. 不要以貌取人。【知识拓展】judge sb./ sth. by/from 通过判断as far as I judge 我认为judging from 从来看， 根据判断【学以致用】用与judge相关的词汇填空1). _his appearance, he must be a rich man.2). _ , he must be from the south.答案: 1). Judging2). In her judgment7. ruin v.&n. 毁灭，使破产，遗迹，废墟（名词时常用复数）1). The hurricane ruined all the houses here. 飓风使这里所有的房屋成为废墟。2). He ruined his prospects by carelessness. 他因疏忽大意而断送了前途。【知识拓展】be in ruins 呈一片废墟 fall into ruin 变成废墟 come to ruin 毁灭，落空 ruin oneself 自我毁灭 bring sb. to ruin 使毁灭【学以致用】中译英1). 那建筑物已成断壁残垣。_2). 那教堂已破败不堪。_答案: 1). The building is in ruins. 2). The church has fallen into ruin.【应用落实】1She felt greatly _(荣幸) to have been invited to give a lecture at the meeting.2I cant_ (表达) myself how grateful I am to you.3Were glad to get together to offer our_ (祝贺) on our homelands success in the competition.4_ (判断) from his words, the accident was very terrible.5I asked my students to write an _(提纲) for an article.6A_ (骑自行车的人) was knocked down by a car. .单项填空1Ive made rapid progress in my spoken English this term, but I still find trouble _ myself in it.AdescribingBintroducingCexpressing Djudging2To all the workers of the hospital, it is a great _ to be able to meet Premier Wen face to face.Ahonour BfavourCpraise Dpride3The two sportsmen congratulated each other _ winning the match by shaking hands.Awith BonCin Dto4The _ boy never dares to see the_ film again.Afrightened; frighteningBfrightening; frightenedCfrightened; frightenedDfrightening; frightening5_ from the number of the cars, he thought, there were still many people at the club.ATo judge BJudgedCJudging DHaving judged6 Which_ did Lilly enter? The 100meter dash and she came third in it.Abusiness BeventCposition Dmatter7In a sudden _ of anger, the man tore up everything within reach.Acrack BburstCmove Dchange8It _ everyone to hear all of the villagers behind the mountain were killed in the earthquake.Asuffered BshockedCpersuaded Ddestroyed9Why did you throw your radio away?Water had got into it, and it was completely_.Augly BsmellyCuseless Dfluent10John had to have his car repaired in a garage because it _ seriously.Adamaged Bwas being damagedChad damaged Dhad been damaged【参考答案】.单词拼写1. honoured 2. express 3. congratulations 4. Judging 5. outl