be虚拟式.doc

be虚拟式be型虚拟式是以动词原形表示的，即不管主语是什么人称，动词一律用原型，如I go, you go, he go或者I be ,you be, he be.如果动词为被动语态，则助动词be 也一律用原型，如 I be sent, you be sent, he be sent .因此，如果主语是复数，变显示不出虚拟式与陈述式的区别，除了虚拟式be与陈述式am/is/are/was/were有所区别外，其他动词的 be型虚拟式有在单数第三人称主语之后才是有标记的。be型虚拟式的主要用法如下。1)用于表示命令、决定、建议等词语之后的that分句中a) 用在decide, decree, demand, insist, move（提议），order, prefer, propose, recommend, request, require, suggest, vote 等动词之后的that分句中。例如常见动词： 一个坚持，两个命令，三个建议，四个要求。即1.insist 2. order, command 3. advise, suggest, propose4. demand , require, request, desire我们建议Tom 去休息一下。We suggested that Tom(should) have a rest.他坚决要求我到场。He insisted that I (should )be present.国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。The king ordered that the prisoners (should) be killed the next day.他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。They requested that we (should) send them to work there.I suggest that we (should) hold a meeting next week. He insisted that he (should ) be sent there.注意： 如suggest, insist不表示建议 或坚持要某人做某事时，即它们用于其本意暗示、表明、坚持认为时，宾语从句用陈述语气。1.The guard at gate insisted that everybody _(obey)the rules.2.He insisted that she_(be)seriously ill and that _(send) to hospitals at once.3.He suggested that we_(have) a meeting at once.4.His pale face suggested that he_(be) ill.Its suggested that the plan (should) be carried out.My demand is that she (should) come to see me once a week.All of us are for the advice that the chemical factory (should) be closed down.He ordered that all the books (should) be sent at once.We propose that somebody neutral (should) take the chair.She insisted that she (should) go to the south for her holiday.Congress has decided/ voted / decreed that the present law (should) be maintained.The doctor insisted that he (should) not eat meat.b) 用在advisable, appropriate, desirable, essential, fitting, imperative, important, impossible, necessary, obligatory, proper 等形容词之后的that分句中。It is essential that all the facts (should) be examined first.It is necessary that he (should) come back without delay.I thought it advisable that an armed guard (should) stand in readiness.It was appropriate that tax (should) be abolished.It is imperative that this mission (should) not fail.It is important that we ( should ) master a foreign language.Its necessary that we (should) study hard.c) 用在decision, decree, demand, instruction, order, requirement, resolution 等名词之后的that分句中The board has given instructions that the agent fly to Boston.We were faced with the demand that this tax be abolished.Your advice that she wait till next week is reasonable.Their decision was that the school remain closed.His order that the troops not be sent at once was carried out.在这一用法中be型虚拟式能与should +不定式交替使用，也能与to 不定式交替使用。He ordered that the books be sent at once.=He ordered that the books should be sent at once.= He ordered the books to be sent at once.It is important that she be placed in an appropriate job.= It is important that she should be placed in an appropriate job.= It is important for her to be placed in an appropriate job.2) 用于由if, though 等引导的分句中be型虚拟式能用于由if, though, whatever, lest, so long as 等引导的分句中表示推测，让步，防备等含义。If he be found guilty, John shall have the right of appeal.If the rumor be true, everything is possible.Though everyone desert you, I will not.Whatever be his defense, we cannot tolerate this disloyalty.So long as a volume hold together, I am not disturbed as to its outer appearance.Whether she be right or wrong, she will have my unswerving support.Quietly we sat on the river bank lest the fish swim away.上述用法只限于正式书面语体，在非正式语体中通常用动词陈述式或者用should/ may +不定式。If the rumor is true, everything is possible.He hid himself in the bush lest he should be seen.Whatever his defense may be, we cant tolerate this disloyalty.3)用于某些公式化语句中be型虚拟式用于某些公式化语句中鄙视祝愿、诅咒、禁止等意义。Long live the Peoples Republic of China!God bless you!God damn you!（该死的）Heaven forbid!(天理难容)So be it.（但愿如此、就这样吧）Suffice it to say that（只需说就够了）Far be it from me to spoil the fun.（我极不愿）He will remain here if need be.Home is home, be it ever so homely.1.The guard at the gate insisted that everybody_ the rules.A. obeys B. obey C. will obey D. would obey2.The patient insisted that he_ ill and _to the hospitalA. wasnt, wasnt sent B. wasnt, shouldnt be sentC. shouldnt be, wasnt sent D. shouldnt be, shouldnt be sent3. We demanded that we _ of any change in the plan. A. informed B. would be informed C. be informed D. had been informed4. Its necessary that he _ a recognized qualification. A. has B. have C. had D. having5. The mad man was put in the soft-padded cell lest he _ himself. A. injure B. had injured C. injured D. would injure6. It is politely requested by the hotel management that radios _ after 11 oclock at night. A. were not playedB. not to play C. not be playedD. did not play7. It is important that enough money _ to fund the project. A. be collected B. must be collected C. was collectedD. can be collected8. I dont think it advisable that Tom _ to the job since he has no experience. A. is assigned B. will be assigned C. be assigned D. has been assigned9.It is recommended that the project _ until all the preparations have been made. A. is not started B. will not be started C. not be startedD. is not to be started10. It was essential that the application forms