2016天津蓟县高考英语一轮阅读理解专题选练(2)及答案.doc

阅读理解。 Feel tired lately?Has a doctor said he cant find anything wrong with you?Perhaps he sends you to a hospital,but all the advanced equipment there shows there is nothing wrong with you. Then,consider this:you might be in a state of sub-health(亚健康). Sub-health,also called the third state or gray state,is explained as borderline state between health and disease. According to the investigation by the National Organization,over 45 percent of sub-health people are middle-aged or elderly.The percentage is even higher among people who work in management positions as well as students around exam-week. Symptoms(征兆)include a lack of energy,depression,slow reactions,insomnia(失眠),agitation, and poor memory.Other symptoms include shortness of breath,sweating and aching in the waist and legs. The key to preventing and recovering from sub-health,according to some medical experts,is to form good living habits, alternate work and rest, exercise regularly,and take part in open air activities. As for meals,people are advised to eat less salt and sugar.They should also eat more fresh vegetables,fruits,fish because they are rich in nutritional elementsvitamins and trace elements(微量元素)that are important to the body. Nutrition experts point out that it is not good to eat too much at one meal because it may cause unhealthy changes in the digestive tract(消化道).They also say that a balanced diet is very helpful in avoiding sub-health.1.When you are in a state of sub-health,you should _.A .stay home and keep silentB. go to a doctor and buy some medicineC. not consider it very seriousD. find out the reasons and relax yourself提示:从全文可以看出，亚健康是身体对压力、疲劳的一种反应，即使最先进的仪器也查不出病因。所以不必去医院，也不必吃药，但是不能听之任之，不认真对待。正确的方法是找出原因、减轻压力、消除疲劳、平衡膳食。答案:D2.Middle-aged people may be easy to get sub-health because _.A. they have used up their energyB. they have lost their living hopesC. they have more pressure in life and workD. they have changed their way of life提示:亚健康的起因与疲劳有关系，但不是已将体力用完，排除A项。B、D两项文章没涉及。根据常识和第四段最后一句，我们也能判断正确答案为C项。答案:C3.The key to preventing you from falling into a state of sub-health is to _.A. keep on working regularly B. go to sleep a bit earlierC. form good living habits D. take medicine if necessary答案:C 文章倒数第三段第一句“is to form good living habits”4.The underlined word “alternate” in this passage is closest in meaning to _.A. arrange by turns B. cause to take placeC. make up for D. keep away from答案:A 从文中可看出：形成好的生活习惯，要劳逸结合，即轮流工作与休息【浙江省2014高考英语模拟冲刺卷】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项标号涂黑。When I heard the piano, I walked to Mrs. Windsors house and waited outside as I always did. That meant she was working with another student, and I was not supposed to bother them by ringing the bell. I stood against the wall and daydreamed what Id rather be doing. “Almost anything”, I sighed dejectedly. I had been tutored enough to read, understand, and even write some musical compositions, but I just didnt have a gift for it. It didnt come to me naturally. I thought back to happier times when I was writing stories and acting them out with my friends, cutting up old clothes to make dresses that performers wear in plays, and building scenery out of old things we found. But Mrs. Windsor had offered to give me the lessons for free, so I felt my duty to try.The door opened and Wendy Barton came out. I walked in, sat down on the piano bench and began to sort through my sheet music. “Hello,” I heard a voice behind me say softly. I turned around to see a little girl standing behind me, eating an apple. But before I could make any response, Mrs. Windsor walked into the room in her usual urgent manner and announced, “Jennifer, this is my niece, Pasha. Pasha, this is Jennifer. Pasha will be giving you your lesson today. Im up to my ears in something else!” she then exited to the kitchen.Pasha set her apple down on the side table and slid beside me on the piano bench.“What piece do you like best?” she asked.“What do you mean?” I asked. “Theyre all the same to me. I dont know.“You mean you dont have a favorite?”“No, not really.”Pasha looked at me, rather puzzled, then opened my sheet music to the beginning page and asked me to play. I arranged my fingers on the keys and studied the notes on the page for a moment. Then I frowned and concentrated to make the notes on the page match the finger movements. I have to admit I was a rather mechanical pianist.After about a page or two, Pasha gently put her hand on top of mine as if to calm my fingers. There was a long pause. “What are you hearing in the music?” I looked at her rather strangely and admitted I didnt know what she meant. “Like a story. What story is being playing out within the music?”“I guess Ive never thought about it before. I dont know.”“Here, let me try and you listen,” Pasha advised.She closed her eyes and took a deep breath, letting her fingers dance lightly over the keys. Then, she began to play. “See, it begins here beside some kind of river. Hear the water flowing beside you?”Her fingers rose and fell gently on the keys. “Now the princess appears and shes picking flowers from the waters edge.” A carefree, happy piece of music filled the air in time to Pashas dancing fingers. “Oh, but she slips!” The music changed. “And our princess is being carried off by the fast-flowing stream. Quickly, the princesss horse sees her plight (困境),” Pasha continued, and races to the rivers edge where he swims out to let her catch hold of him. They make it to the bank and she hugs her faithful horse and swears she will never again wear princess skirts that weigh her down. She will only wear jeans and T-shirt from now on.” Pasha finished with a big smile and then looked at me.“Arent you the girl who tells the stories?” she asked.“I guess. I do tell a lot of stories.”“Oh, yes! All the kids talk about them. Ive heard about you. Well, all you have to do is learn to hear the stories in the music. Thats all there is to it.”“Ive never thought it that way.”“Lets try another one, shall we?” Pasha smiled and together we played that afternoon, finding the stories in the music and learning that sometimes it takes a friend to pull you out of the river onto dry land again.55. The underlined word “dejectedly” in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to _.A. nervouslyB. desperatelyC. impatientlyD. unhappily56. Jennifer got lost in thought when she _. A. played the piano with Pasha for the first timeB. listened to Pasha tell her story about the princessC. remembered happier times of writing stories and acting them outD. discovered that Mrs. Windsors niece would be giving the piano lesson57. By describing herself as a mechanical pianist, the author showed _.A. she could remember the notes in a short timeB. she was playing the piano without thinkingC. Pasha was showing off her skillsD. it had been a long time since she played last time 58. Which of the following can best describe Pasha?A. CreativeB. NaughtyC. HumorousD. Brave 59. Which of the following is the best title for the text?A. Never Give upB. A Piano LessonC. Why I Hated Playing the PianoD. A Friend for Ever60. This text would be probably found in _.A. a collection of stories about friendship and learningB. a book of daily records about famous young musicians C. a magazine series about the challenges of overcoming fearsD. a series of newspaper articles about musical instruments 55D根据上下文可知。56. C第一段I thought back to happier times when I was writing stories and acting them out with my friends,-可知。57. B第九段I arranged my fingers on the keys and studied the notes on the page for a moment. Then I frowned and concentrated to make the notes on the page match the finger movements. I have to admit I was a rather mechanical pianist. 可知。58. A第十五段 Her fingers rose and fell gently on the keys. -可知。59. B通读全文可知。60. A通读全文可知。阅读理解。The baby monkey is much more developed at birth than the human baby. Almost from the moment it is born, the baby monkey can move around and hold tightly to its mother. During the first few days of its life the baby will approach and hold onto almost any large, warm, and soft object in its environment, particularly if that object also gives it milk. After a week or so, however, the baby monkey begins to avoid newcomers and focuses its attentions on “mother”the real mother or the mothersubstitute (母亲替代物). During the first two weeks of its life warmth is perhaps the most important psychological (心理的) thing that a monkey mother has to give to its baby. The Harlows, a couple who are both psychologists, discovered this fact by offering baby monkeys a choice of two types of mothersubstitutesone covered with cloth and one made of bare wire. If the two artificial mothers were both the same temperature, the little monkeys always preferred the cloth mother. However, if the wire model was heated, while the cloth model was cool, for the first two weeks after birth the baby monkeys picked the warm wire mothersubstitutes as their favorites. Thereafter they switched and spent most of their time on the more comfortable cloth mother. Why is cloth preferable to bare wire? Something that the Harlows called contact(接触) comfort seems to be the answer, and a most powerful influence it is. Baby monkeys spend much of their time rubbing against their mothers skins, putting themselves in as close contact with the parent as they can. Whenever the young animal is frightened, disturbed, or annoyed, it typically rushes to its mother and rubs itself against her body. Wire doesnt “rub” as well as does soft cloth. Prolonged (长时间的) “contact comfort” with a cloth mother appears to give the babies confidence and is much more rewarding to them than is either warmth or milk. According to the Harlows, the basic quality of a babys love for its mother is trust. If the baby is put into an unfamiliar playroom without its mother, the baby ignores the toys no matter how interesting they might be. It screams in terror and curls up into a furry little ball. If its cloth mother is now introduced into the playroom, the baby rushes to it and holds onto it for dear life. After a few minutes of contact comfort, it obviously begins to feel more secure. It then climbs down from the mothersubstitute and begins to explore the toys, but often rushes back for a deep embrace (拥抱) as if to make sure that its mother is still there and that all is well. Bit by bit its fears of the new environment are gone and it spends more and more time playing with the toys and less and less time holding onto its “mother”. 50Psychologically, what does the baby monkey desire most during the first two weeks of its life? A. Warmth. B. Milk. C. Contact. D. Trust. 51After the first two weeks of their life, baby monkeys prefer the cloth mother to the wire mother because the former is _. A. larger in size B. closer to them C. less frightening and less disturbing D. more comfortable to rub against 52What does the baby monkey probably gain from prolonged “contact comfort”？A. Attention. B. Softness. C. Confidence. D. Interest. 53It can be inferred that when the baby monkey feels secure, _. A. it frequently rushes back for a deep embrace when exploring the toysB. it spends more time screaming to get rewardsC. it is less attracted to the toys though they are interestingD. it cares less about whether its mother is still around54The main purpose of the passage is to _. A. give the reasons for the experimentB. present the findings of the experimentC. introduce the method of the experimentD. describe the process of the experiment【要点综述】 这是一篇说明文。作者主要向读者阐述了一个关于幼猴的实验发现。50A考查细节理解。从文章第一段“During the first few days of its lifeonto almost any large, warm, and soft object”可知，幼猴刚出生最需要的是温暖，所以选A项。51D考查推理判断。从第三段“Why is cloth preferable to bare wire？Baby monkeys spent much of their time rubbing against their mothers skins”推知，幼猴选择“布妈妈”，而不是“线妈妈”的原因在于相对于“线妈妈”而言，“布妈妈”皮肤接触起来更舒服，可能也更暖和，故选D项。 52C考查细节理解。从第三段“Prolonged (长时间的)contact comfort with a cloth mother appears to give the babies confidence and ”可知，长时间地与“布妈妈”接触，增加了幼猴的自信心，因此C项是最佳答案。53D考查推理判断。从最后一段“If its cloth mother is now introducedit obviously begins to feel more secure.It then climbs down fromand less and less time holding onto its mother”推知，当幼猴看到“布妈妈”后，它会觉得有安全感，从而在行为上会放松起来，从而越来越喜欢玩玩具，而减少与“母亲”接触的时间，所以D项正确。54B 考查写作意图。文章主要介绍了一个关于幼猴的实验结果，因此作者在文章中是要呈现这个结果给读者，所以B项为最佳答案。C82013北京卷 -DMultitaskingPeople who multitask all the time may be the worst at doing two things at once, a new research suggests. The findings, based on performances and selfevaluations by about 275 college students, indicate that many people multitask not out of a desire to increase productivity, but because they are easily distracted (分心) and cant focus on one activity. And “those people turn out to be the worst at handling different things，” said David Sanbonmatsu, a psychologist at the University of Utah.Sanbonmatsu and his colleagues gave the students a set of tests and asked them to report how often they multitasked, how good they thought they were at it, and how sensationseeking (寻求刺激) or impulsive (冲动) they were. They then evaluated the participants multitasking ability with a tricky mental task that required the students to do simple mathematical calculations while remembering a set of letters.Not surprisingly, the scientists said, most people thought they were better than average at multitasking, and those who thought they were better at it were more likely to report using a cellphone while driving or viewing multiple kinds of media at once. But those who frequently deal with many things at the same time were found to perform the worst at the actual multitasking test. They also were more likely to admit to sensationseeking and impulsive behavior, which connects with how easily people get bored and distracted.“People multitask not because its going to lead to greater productivity, but because theyre distractible, and they get sucked into things that are not as important，” Sanbonmatsu said.Adam Gazzaley, a researcher at the University of California, San Francisco, who was not a member of the research group, said one limitation of the study was that it couldnt find out whether people who start out less focused tend toward multitasking or whether peoples recognizing and understanding abilities change as a result of multitasking.The findings do suggest, however, why the sensationseekers who multitask the most may enjoy risky distracted driving. “People who are multitasking are generally less sensitive to risky situations，” said Paul Atchley, another researcher not in the group. “This may partly explain why people go in for these situations even though theyre dangerous.”67. The research led by Sanbonmatsu indicates that people who multitask _A. seek high productivity constantlyB. prefer handling different things when getting boredC. are more focused when doing many things at a timeD. have the poorest results in doing various things at the same time68When Sanbonmatsu and his colleagues conducted their research, they _A. assessed the multitasking ability of the studentsB. evaluated the academic achievements of the studentsC. analyzed the effects of the participants tricky mental tasksD. measured the changes of the students understanding ability69According to Sanbonmatsu, people multitask because of their _A. limited power in calculationB. interests in doing things differently C. inability to concentrate on one task D. impulsive desire to try new things70From the last paragraph, we can learn that multitaskers usually _A. drive very skillfullyB. go in for difficult tasksC. fail to react quickly to potential dangersD. refuse to explain the reasons for their behavior【要点综述】 这是一篇科普议论文，主要论证同时处理多重任务这一心理现象。犹太大学研究者发现，同时处理多重任务并不是出于提高生产率的目的，而是当事人容易分心而不能专心于所做的事情上。尽管来自加州大学的研究者提出了不同的看法，但确实证明同时处理多重任务者对于危险境地确实不太敏感。67D 细节理解题。根据第一段“those people turn out to be the worst at handling different things”可知选D。68A 细节理解题。根据第二段“They then evaluated the participants multitasking ability with a tricky mental task”可知评估的是参与者的同时处理多重任务的能力。69C 细节理解题。根据第四段“but because theyre distractible”可知，人们同时处理多重任务是因为他们容易分心，而不是高效。distractible“容易分心的，不专心的”，C项是对它的同义转换。70C 细节理解题。从最后一段“are generally less sensitive to risky situations”可知，同时处理多重任务者对于潜在危险不能及时做出反应。【阅读理解】Skeptics are a strange lot.Some of them refuse to admit the serious threat of human activities to the enviroment, and they are tired of people who disagree with them.Those people，say skeptics，spread nothing but bad news about the environment.The “ecoguilt”brought on by the discouraging news about our planet gives rise to the popularity of skeptics as people search for more comforting worldviews.Perhaps that explains why a new book by Bjorn Lomborg received so much publicity.That book ，The Skeptical Environmentalist, declares that it measures the “real state of the world”as fine. Of course ，another explanation is the deep pockets of some big businesses with special interests. Indeed, Mr. Lomborgs views are similar to those of some industryfunded organizations, which start huge activities through the media to confuse the public about issues like global warming.So it was strange to see Mr. Lomborgs book go largely unchallenged in the media though his beliefs were contrary to most scientific opinions. One national newspaper in Canada ran a number of articles and reviews full of words of praise, even with the conclusion that “After Lomborg, the environmental movement will be