酸解离常数.doc

解离常数(dissociation constant)解离常数(pK)是水溶液中具有一定离解度的溶质的的极性参数。离解常数给予分子的酸性或碱性以定量的量度，pKa减小，对于质子给予体来说，其酸性增加；对于质子接受体来说，其碱性增加。 pK=PH+log电子受体/电子供体 (Dissociation constant (pK) is the aqueous solution with a certain degree of dissociation of the solute polarity parameters. Molecular dissociation constants of acidic or alkaline to give a quantitative measure, pKa decreases, the proton donor, its acidity increases; for proton acceptor, its alkaline increase pK = PH + log electron acceptor / electron donor)有机酸在水溶液中的解离常数（25oC）Dissociation Constants of Organic Acids in Aqueous Solution（25oC）序号(No.)名称(Name)化学式(Chemical formula)KapKa1甲酸HCOOH1.810-43.752乙酸CH3COOH1.7410-54.763乙醇酸CH2(OH)COOH1.4810-43.834草酸(COOH)25.410-2(K1)1.275.410-5(K2)4.275甘氨酸CH2(NH2)COOH1.710-109.786一氯乙酸CH2ClCOOH1.410-32.867二氯乙酸CHCl2COOH5.010-21.308三氯乙酸CCl3COOH2.010-10.709丙酸CH3CH2COOH1.3510-54.8710丙烯酸CH2CHCOOH5.510-54.2611乳酸(丙醇酸)CH3CHOHCOOH1.410-43.8612丙二酸HOCOCH2COOH1.410-3(K1)2.852.210-6(K2)5.66132-丙炔酸HCCCOOH1.2910-21.8914甘油酸HOCH2CHOHCOOH2.2910-43.6415丙酮酸CH3COCOOH3.210-32.4916a-丙胺酸CH3CHNH2COOH1.3510-109.8717b-丙胺酸CH2NH2CH2COOH4.410-1110.3618正丁酸CH3(CH2)2COOH1.5210-54.8219异丁酸(CH3)2CHCOOH1.4110-54.85203-丁烯酸CH2CHCH2COOH2.110-54.6821异丁烯酸CH2C(CH2)COOH2.210-54.6622反丁烯二酸(富马酸)HOCOCHCHCOOH9.310-4(K1)3.033.610-5(K2)4.4423顺丁烯二酸(马来酸)HOCOCHCHCOOH1.210-2(K1)1.925.910-7(K2)6.2324酒石酸HOCOCH(OH)CH(OH)COOH1.0410-3(K1)2.984.5510-5(K2)4.3425正戊酸CH3(CH2)3COOH1.410-54.8626异戊酸(CH3)2CHCH2COOH1.6710-54.78272-戊烯酸CH3CH2CHCHCOOH2.010-54.70283-戊烯酸CH3CHCHCH2COOH3.010-54.52294-戊烯酸CH2CHCH2CH2COOH2.1010-54.67730戊二酸HOCO(CH2)3COOH1.710-4(K1)3.778.310-7(K2)6.0831谷氨酸HOCOCH2CH2CH(NH2)COOH7.410-3(K1)2.134.910-5(K2)4.314.410-10(K3)9.35832正己酸CH3(CH2)4COOH1.3910-54.8633异己酸(CH3)2CH(CH2)3COOH1.4310-54.8534(E)-2-己烯酸H(CH2)3CHCHCOOH1.810-54.7435(E)-3-己烯酸CH3CH2CHCHCH2COOH1.910-54.7236己二酸HOCOCH2CH2CH2CH2COOH3.810-5(K1)4.423.910-6(K2)5.4137柠檬酸HOCOCH2C(OH)(COOH)CH2COOH7.410-4(K1)3.131.710-5(K2)4.764.010-7(K3)6.4038苯酚C6H5OH1.110-109.9639邻苯二酚(o)C6H4(OH)23.610-109.451.610-1312.840间苯二酚(m)C6H4(OH)23.610-10(K1)9.308.7110-12(K2)11.0641对苯二酚(p)C6H4(OH)21.110-109.96422,4,6-三硝基苯酚2,4,6-(NO2)3C6H2OH5.110-10.2943葡萄糖酸CH2OH(CHOH)4COOH1.410-43.8644苯甲酸C6H5COOH6.310-54.2045水杨酸C6H4(OH)COOH1.0510-3(K1)2.984.1710-13(K2)12.3846邻硝基苯甲酸(o)NO2C6H4COOH6.610-32.1847间硝基苯甲酸(m)NO2C6H4COOH3.510-43.4648对硝基苯甲酸(p)NO2C6H4COOH3.610-43.4449邻苯二甲酸(o)C6H4(COOH)21.110-3(K1)2.964.010-6(K2)5.4050间苯二甲酸(m)C6H4(COOH)22.410-4(K1)3.622.510-5(K2)4.6051对苯二甲酸(p)C6H4(COOH)22.910-4(K1)3.543.510-5(K2)4.46521,3,5-苯三甲酸C6H3(COOH)37.610-3(K1)2.127.910-5(K2)4.106.610-6(K3)5.1853苯基六羧酸C6(COOH)62.110-1(K1)0.686.210-3(K2)2.213.010-4(K3)3.528.110-6(K4)5.094.810-7(K5)6.323.210-8(K6)7.4954癸二酸HOOC(CH2)