新型混联式混合动力客车动力系统分析.doc

汽车技术杂志2008年第9期摘要目 次新型混联式混合动力客车动力系统分析（摘要链接）1柴油机燃用生物柴油的氮氧化物排放特性（摘要链接）2电动助力转向系统的主动回正控制（摘要链接）3基于路面识别电液复合制动整车联合仿真（摘要链接）4双质量飞轮四连杆-弹簧机构型扭振减振器弹性特性分析与优化设计（摘要链接）5ZF低地板客车驱动桥齿轮、轴承受力计算与MASTA软件校核对比分析（摘要链接）6转向工况下汽车半主动悬架模糊PID控制（摘要链接）7ISG混合动力场地货运牵引车动力总成参数匹配与仿真（摘要链接）8汽车碰撞试验中异常加速度信号的分析（摘要链接）9汽车主销倾角测量误差分析（摘要链接）10基于六通道道路模拟机的重型汽车路面激励再现试验（摘要链接）11轿车轮胎噪声测试与评价方法研究（摘要链接）12滚花连接装配式凸轮轴连接机理及生产新工艺（摘要链接）13TRB轧制集成建模及成型关键技术（摘要链接）14 新型混联式混合动力客车动力系统分析王家明1 郭晋晟2 冒晓建2 钟虎2 卓斌2(1.上海大众汽车有限公司；2.上海交通大学)【摘要】分析了新型混联式混合动力客车动力系统的结构特点和总体布置，介绍了该系统的主要控制策略。根据汽车动力学原理，计算出了该混联式混合动力客车动力系统的基本参数，并分析了该方案在中国典型城市工况下的动力性能；建立了车辆的仿真模型，计算了车辆的动力性和经济性。仿真结果表明，采用该方案的车辆动力性较原车有一定程度提高，燃油经济性较原车有明显改善。主题词： 混合动力客车 混联式 动力总成 中图分类号：U469.72 文献标识码：A 文章编号：10003703（2008）09000104 Analysis of a New Parallel-Series Hybrid Electric Buss Powertrain SystemWang Jiaming1，Guo Jinsheng2, Mao Xiaojian2, Zhong Hu2, Zhuo Bin2（1.Shanghai Volkswagen Co.,Ltd.;2.Shanghai Jiaotong University;）【Abstract】The structural characteristics and layout of a new parallel-series hybrid electric vehicle were analyzed, and its main control strategies were introduced. Based on the vehicle dynamics theory, the basic parameters of powertrain system of the parallel-series hybrid electric vehicle were calculated, and the power performance under the working conditions of Chinese typical urban drive cycle were analyzed, then the simulation model was established and the power performance and fuel economy were calculated. The simulation results show that compared with the original bus, power performance and fuel economy have been improved considerably by using this new dynamic system.Key words:Hybrid electric bus, Parallel-series, Powertrain柴油机燃用生物柴油的氮氧化物排放特性李博 楼狄明 谭丕强 胡志远 张斌（同济大学）【摘要】研究了某直喷式柴油机分别燃用5种不同生物柴油掺混比例的混合燃料时NOx排放以及NO、NO2、N2O等氮氧化物主要组分的排放特性。结果表明， NOx排放曲线形态较为接近，低负荷时差异较小，随负荷增加，其排放差异增大；NO排放随着负荷上升而增加； NO2排放在低负荷和高负荷均较低，中间负荷最高；N2O在低负荷时有一定生成量，中高负荷N2O排放几乎为零；随生物柴油掺混比例的提高，NOx和NO排放增加幅度增大，NO2排放有所降低。主题词：柴油机 生物柴油 氮氧化物 排放特性 中图分类号：U464.172 文献标识码：A 文章编号：10003703（2008）09000504 Nitrogen Oxides Emission Characteristics of Biodiesel for Diesel EngineLi Bo, Lou Diming, Tan Piqiang, Hu Zhiyuan, Zhang Bin(Tongji University)【Abstract】Emission characteristic of main components of NO, NO2 and N2O, etc. for a kind of direct injection diesel engine that is fuelled with five biofuels that blended with different mixing ratio is analyzed. The results show that the NOx emissions of different biodiesel blends shows no great differences, and as load increases, the differences become relatively greater; whereas the NO emission increase as load increases, NO2 emission is comparatively low during low and high load, while it is highest during medium load; N2O is mainly generated during low load; while during mid and high load, it is approximately zero; as the blending proportion of biodiesel increases, the NOx and NO emission increase greatly, while NO2 emission decreases.Key words：Diesel engine, Biodiesel fuel, Nitrogen oxides, Emission characteristics电动助力转向系统的主动回正控制景立群 季学武（清华大学 汽车安全与节能国家重点实验室）【摘要】在EPS系统开发过程中发现，若不进行回正控制，安装EPS系统的汽车低速行驶时转向回正不足。通过对回正力矩的分析，探讨了安装EPS系统的汽车低速行驶时转向回正不足的原因。通过对助力及回正行程中转矩信号变化规律的研究提出，以回正前保舵状态时的转矩作为回正的特征参数，确定主动回正所需要的电机电流及持续时间；以转矩信号从非零向零的转变作为判断回正状态的条件。实车试验结果表明，本方法明显改善了EPS系统的转向回正性能。主题词：EPS 主动回正 特征参数中图分类号：U463.4 文献标识码：A 文章编号：10003703（2008）09000904Active return-to-center control of an electric powered steering systemJing Liqun Ji Xuewu(State key laboratory of safety and energy, Tsinghua University)【Abstract】In the development process of EPS system, it was found that the vehicle installing an electric powered steering system (EPS) without return-to-center control will not approach to neutral position automatically after steered when the car rides at low speeds. The reason for the steering wheel not returning to center was discussed based on the analysis for returning moments. Then the power and torque signal change pattern during returning travel was studied. An active returning method was proposed in this paper, in which the holding torque before returning was used as the returning characteristic parameter to determine the motor current and its duration time, and the change of torque signal from nonzero to zero was used as criteria to determine the returning state. Finally, the proposed active returning method was verified on the vehicle and it was found that the method improved EPS return ability obviously.Key words: EPS, Active return, Characteristic parameter基于路面识别电液复合制动整车联合仿真张厚忠 陈辛波（同济大学）【摘要】针对四轮毂电机轮边驱动汽车具有各车轮电机制动力矩可快速准确获得、各车轮液压制动力矩与制动管路油压成线性关系的特点，开发出一种新的基于路面识别电液复合制动整车控制算法，并利用ADAMS和MATLAB分别建立了整车机械动力学模型和整车控制模型。整车联合仿真结果表明，该控制算法在对开或对接路面上制动效果良好。 主题词：四轮毂电机轮边驱动汽车 电液复合制动 路面识别 联合仿真中图分类号：U463.5 文献标识码：A 文章编号：10003703（2008）09001304Combined Simulation of the Electronic-Hydraulic Compound Braking System Based on Road Identification Zhang Houzhong, Chen Xinbo(Tongji University)【Abstract】Aiming at those characteristics that every wheels electronic braking torque can be quickly and accurately gained and every wheels hydraulic braking torque is linear with hydraulic pressure on four in-wheel-motor driving vehicle, a new control algorithm of the electronic-hydraulic compound braking system based on road identification is developed, and with ADAMS and MATLAB software, the automotive mechanical dynamic and control models are respectively constructed. The co-simulation results show that the control algorithm has good braking performance in split and opposite roads.Key words: Four in-wheel-motor driving vehicle,Electronic-hydraulic compound braking,Road identification,Combined simulation双质量飞轮四连杆-弹簧机构型扭振减振器弹性特性分析与优化设计李 伟1,2 史文库1 龙岩1（1.吉林大学；2.第一汽车集团公司技术中心）【摘要】推导出了一种新型双质量飞轮式扭振减振器四连杆-弹簧机构型扭振减振器的静态弹性特性和扭转刚度表达式，并对影响弹性特性的因素进行了分析。根据国内某款轿车的动力传动系统参数建立了典型工况下的多自由度扭振模型，对该传动系统进行了模态分析，并利用虚拟样机技术对设计参数进行了优化。通过对五挡下采用双质量飞轮式扭振减振器和传统离合器从动盘式扭振减振器的两套整车动力传动系统在关键位置的角速度输出进行比较得知，前者比后者隔振效率提高近40%。主题词：双质量飞轮扭振减振器 四连杆-弹簧机构 弹性分析 优化设计The Elastic Characteristic Analysis and Optimization Design of the DMF-QS Torsional DamperLi Wei1,2, Shi Wenku1,Long Yan1（1. Jilin University;2. FAW Group Corporation R&D Center）【Abstract】In this paper, the formula of the static elastic characteristic and torsional stiffness on a new type of DMF with Quadrangle-Spring（DMF-QS）torsional damper was built and the factors affecting elastic characteristic were analyzed. Based on the parameters of one domestic car driveline, a model with multi-freedom-degree in typical load condition is establised，and modal analysis for the driveline was made, the design parameters were analyzed by applying virtual prototype technology. Through the comparison of angular velocity at critical positions between the drivelines with DMF torsional damper and the one with traditional driven plate type clutch torsional damper in 5th speed, it was found the formers vibration isolation efficiency is 40% better than that of the latter. Key words:Dual-mass flywheel torsional damper,Quadrangle-Spring machine,Elastic analysis,Optimization designZF低地板客车驱动桥齿轮、轴承受力计算与MASTA软件校核对比分析曲琦 孙国晖（第一汽车集团公司技术中心）【摘要】以德国ZF低地板客车驱动桥为例，对螺旋锥齿轮、轮边斜齿圆柱齿轮系及轴承受力进行了系统分析，并与MASTA软件建立的驱动桥模型计算结果进行了对比，从而总结出驱动桥齿轮及圆锥滚子轴承、圆柱止推轴承受力与校核的一整套计算方法。另外，指出了目前MASTA软件在螺旋齿轮校核中的不足。主题词：低地板客车 驱动桥 齿轮 轴承 受力计算中图分类号：U463.218 文献标识码：A 文章编号：10003703（2008）09002208Comparison and Analysis between Calculation Results of Axle Gear and Bearing Force for ZF Low Floor Bus with Its MASTA Software Checking Results Qu Qi, Sun Guohui(FAW Group Corporation R&D Center)【Abstract】Taking German ZF low floor bus axle as an example, systematic analysis and study of force on spiral bevel gears, helical gears of hub reduction and bearing force are introduced in this paper, and contrast with calculation results of the driving axle model by software MASTA is made, consequently, a whole set of calculations and check methods on force borne on axle gear, tapered roller bearing, and cylindrical thrust bearing has been summarized. In addition, disadvantages of MASTA software in checking spiral bevel gears are also pointed out in the paper.Key words:Low floor bus, Axle, Gear, Bearing, Force analysis 转向工况下汽车半主动悬架模糊PID控制陈 龙 陈柏林 赵景波 牛礼民 江浩斌 （江苏大学）【摘要】根据汽车系统动力学原理及牛顿力学定律建立了转向工况下的半主动悬架整车数学模型，并将模糊规则控制与传统PID控制相结合，设计了基于可调阻尼减振器的汽车半主动悬架模糊PID控制器。运用Matlab7.0/Simulink6.0软件对此控制系统进行了仿真计算，结果表明，该控制器有效改善了汽车在转向工况下的动态性能，保持了良好的车身姿态，提高了乘坐舒适性。主题词： 半主动悬架 转向工况 模糊PID控制中图分类号：U463.33 文献标识码：A 文章编号：10003703（2008）09003005Fuzzy PID Control of vehicle Semi-Active Suspension System in the Steering SituationChen Long, Chen Bailin, Zhao Jingbo, Niu Limin, Jiang Haobin (Jiangsu University)【Abstract】A complete vehicle mathematics model of semi-active suspension system is established in the steering situation based on the principle of vehicle dynamics and Newtons Law of Mechanics, and the semi-active suspension fuzzy PID controller based on adjustable damping shock absorber is designed by combining fuzzy control with conventional PID control. The control system is simulated on software Matlab7.0/Simulink6.0, and the simulation results show that the controller can improve the vehicle dynamic performance, keep good vehicle body attitude and improve the ride comfort in the steering situation.Key words: Semi-active suspension, Steering situation, Fuzzy PID controlISG混合动力场地货运牵引车动力总成参数匹配与仿真连志伟1, 2 邓亚东1 颜超1, 2 徐国卿2(1.武汉理工大学；2.深圳先进技术研究院)【摘要】针对场地货运的特殊工况，基于MATLAB/ADVISOR平台建立了起动/发电机一体化混合动力牵引车系统。在保证整车动力性的前提下，以降低油耗为目标，对混合动力总成的发动机、电机和电池等元件进行了参数匹配设计。仿真结果表明，所选择的参数设计合理，改装后的混合动力场地货运牵引车在满足整车动力性的前提下改善了燃油经济性。主题词：混合动力汽车 动力总成 参数匹配 仿真中图分类号：U469.5+1 文献标识码：A 文章编号：10003703（2008）09003504Simulation and Parameter Matching of ISG Hybrid Venue Freight Tractor Powertrain SystemLian Zhiwei1, 2, Deng Yadong1, Yan Chao1,2, Xu Guoqing2(1. Wuhan Institute of Technology；2. Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology)【Abstract】For the special driving cycle of the venue freight, an integrated starter/generator（ISG）hybrid electric tractor system is established based on platform MATLAB/ADVISOR. Under the precondition to assure the power performance, the parameters matching of the engine, motor and battery etc of the hybrid powertrain is designed to reduce fuel consumption. Simulation results show that the designed parameters are reasonable and the refitted hybrid venue freight tractor improves the fuel economy effectively while maintaining the power performance.Key words: Hybrid vehicle,Powertrain,Parameter matching,Simulation汽车碰撞试验中异常加速度信号的分析杨辉 王雍 陈碧峰 郑祖丹 于峰 （上海机动车检测中心）【摘要】针对某型汽车在碰撞试验中多次出现的异常加速度干扰信号进行了分析和研究。经分析认为，该异常冲击信号的产生是由于牵引链条脱钩后撞击玻璃盖板边框后高速反弹敲击车辆底部刚体所致。采用侧撞小车的模拟试验对该分析结果进行了验证，模拟试验测得的加速度曲线在幅值、频率、持续时间上与实车碰撞试验中的异常加速度信号非常相近，进而验证了对异常加速度信号分析的正确性。主题词：碰撞试验 加速度信号 分析中图分类号：U467.1+4 文献标识码：A 文章编号：10003703（2008）09003904Analysis of Abnormal Acceleration Signal in Automotive Crash TestYang Hui, Wang Yong, Chen Bifeng, Zheng Zudan, Yu Feng(Shanghai Motor Test Center)【Abstract】The interference signals of abnormal acceleration that often appeared in crash tests for a car were analyzed and studied. After analysis, it was concluded that the pulling chains knock vehicle bottom rigid body with high-speed rebound after hitting the side frame of glass cover board was the main reason of abnormal signal. The simulation test of side impact on small vehicle was used to validate the analysis results, and the acceleration curve measured by simulation tests are approximately identical with that in proving ground tests in terms of amplitude, frequency and duration time, which further validate the correctness of the analysis for abnormal acceleration.Key words: Crash test,Acceleration signal,Analysis汽车主销倾角测量误差分析董宪元 刘卷苍 刘浩学 （长安大学）【摘要】基于汽车主销倾角测量原理，从车轮转角测量误差角度出发，对汽车主销内倾角和主销后倾角的测量误差进行了分析。指出了车轮转角测量系统固有误差和随机误差的产生机理及变化规律；分析了主销内倾角和主销后倾角的测量误差变化规律和误差范围。经分析指出，汽车主销倾角测量误差分析对改进车轮定位检测仪器、检测方法及提高测量精度具有指导作用。主题词：车轮转角 主销倾角 测量误差 中图分类号：U467.4 文献标识码：A 文章编号：10003703（2008）09004303Analysis on Error of Vehicle Kingpin Angle MeasurementDong Xianyuan, Liu Juancang ,Liu Haoxue（Chang an University）Abstract: Based on vehicle kingpin angle measuring theory, the paper analyzes the measuring errors of kingpin inclination angle and kingpin caster angle from wheel steering angle measuring errors.The producing mechanism and changing rule of inherent errors and random errors for wheel steering angle measuring system are pointed out; and the measuring error changing rule and error range of kingpin inclination angle and kingpin caster angle are analyzed. The result shows that the analysis of vehicle kingpin angle measuring error plays guiding role in the improvement of wheel orientation inspection instrument, measuring method and measuring precision.Key words: Wheel steering angle, Kingpin angle, Measuring error基于六通道道路模拟机的重型汽车路面激励再现试验江浩斌1 戴 云1 于林涛2（1.江苏大学；2.中国重汽集团有限公司）【摘要】利用INSTRON六通道道路模拟机对三轴式重型汽车进行了路面激励再现研究。介绍了路面激励再现的基本原理，分析了在道路信号采集与处理、试验系统频响特性识别、迭代运算及迭代质量评价等环节遇到的问题。以安徽定远汽车试验场的鱼鳞坑路面为例进行了模拟迭代试验，经过23次迭代后各测点的迭代误差均小于10%，即模拟响应与道路响应的功率谱密度基本吻合，实现了对实际路面激励的模拟。主题词：道路模拟机 重型汽车 路面激励 再现 试验Road Surface Excitation Reappearance Experiment on Heavy-duty Truck Based on 6-Channel Road Simulator Jiang Haobin1, Dai Yun1, Yu Lintao2(1. Jiangsu University; 2. China National Heavy Duty Truck Group Co., Ltd.)【Abstract】Road surface excitation reappearance experiment of a three-axle heavy-duty truck was carried out with 6-channel road simulator from INSTRON. The basic principle of road surface excitation reappearance was introduced, the technical problems were analyzed, which occurred in the process of road signal collection and processing, the frequency response characteristic identifying of test system, iteration calculating and iteration quality evaluating. The fish-scale pit road surface of Anhui Dingyuan Automobile Test Ground was selected for reappearance test, the iteration error of all test points were less than 10% after 23 times iteration, which indicated the power spectrum density of simulation response agreed well with road response, the actual road excitation simulation was realized.Key words: Road simulator, Heavy-duty truck, Road surface excitation, Reappearance, Experiment轿车轮胎噪声测试与评价方法研究王万英 靳晓雄 彭为 华春雷 张强（同济大学）【摘要】以某轿车作为测试平台，通过换装不同型号轮胎，在消声室转鼓上进行了滑行工况下的噪声测试。给出了评价轮胎噪声时轮胎附近、车内的测点位置。通过对不同型号轮胎各测点响度对比分析及同型号轮胎不同测点的频谱分析，提出了在整车消声室内测试与评价轮胎噪声的方法，为整车轮胎噪声的评价提供了试验依据。主题词：轿车 轮胎噪声 测试方法 声学测量中图分类号：U463.341+.4 文献标识码：A 文章编号：10003703（2008）09005003Study on Test and Evaluation Method for Car Tire NoiseWang Wanying, Jin Xiaoxiong, Peng Wei, Hua Chunlei, Zhang Qiang(Tongji University)【Abstract】Based on the testing platform of a car, the coasting noise tests were carried out by using different tires in rotary drum of noise lab. The testing points in car and near tires were presented. The testing and evaluation method in noise lab were presented by contrastive analysis of loudness for different tires and spectrum analysis of different testing points for the same tires, the results provide a test basis for evaluation the complete vehicle tire noise.Key words: Car,Tire noise,Test method,Acoustical measurement滚花连接装配式凸轮轴连接机理及生产新工艺张驰 何东野 邓春萍 聂旋 叶丹丹（吉林大学辊锻工艺研究所）【摘要】介绍了滚花连接装配式凸轮轴的制造优势及滚花连接机理.论述了轴向滚花连接和横向滚花连接的生产方式及装配工艺,并进行了连接扭转强度试验，分析了影响两种滚花连接强度的因素。研究表明，当芯轴硬度大于凸轮时，应采用轴向滚花连接方式装配凸轮轴，反之采用横向滚花连接方式；此两种连接方式装配生产的凸轮轴，其连接扭矩均能满足凸轮轴的工作要求。主题词：装配式凸轮轴 滚花连接 强度中图分类号：U463.134+.1 文献标识码：A 文章编号：10003703（2008）09005303The Jointing Mechanism and New Production Process ofKnurling Jointing Assembled CamshaftZhang Chi He Dongye Deng Chunping Nie Xuan Ye Dandan(Roll Forging Institute, Jilin University)【Abstract】The manufacturing advantages and knurling jointing mechanism of the knurling assembled camshaft