北师大版高二英语Unit13.Unit14知识点.doc

讲 义：北师大版高二上册英语同步学习（六）Knowledge point one: Review unit13.基 础 知 识 提 要核心单词 根据提示写出英语单词或汉语意思。 1. _ vt. 应得，值得2. _ adj.不安的，不快的3. _ adj.感激的，感谢的4. _ vt. 预言，预测5. _ adv.如此，因此6. _ n.收获7. _ adj. 锐利的；锋利的8. _ n.缺点,短处9. _ n.眼泪10. _ vt.评判11. _ v.证实12. _ n.档案,文件13. _ adv.永远14. _ vi.怒视,瞪15. _ adj.整洁16. _ n.账目；账户17. _ vt. 控告，谴责18. _ adv.部分时间地19. _ n.同伴20. embassy_ 21. section_22. butcher _ 23. aboard_ 24. damp _ 25. poet _ 26. tutor _ 27. astronomy_ 28. shelter _ 29. glance _30. allergic_ 31. alike_ 32. sigh_ 33. chew _34. block_ 35. uniform _36. button _ 词类转换1. express (vt.) _ (n.) 表情;表达能力 类似：connect_ (n.) 联系，连接2. accurate (adj.) _ (n.)精确，准确 类似：Emergent _(n.)紧急情况3. Conduct (vt.) _ (n.) 指挥；售票员 类似：translate_ (n.) 翻译员4. possible (adj.) _(n.) 可能性 类似：disable_ (n.) 残疾；无能力5. guilt (n.) _ (adj.)有罪的 类似：salt_ (adj.) 含盐的，咸的6. anxious (adj.) _ (n.) 忧虑，担心 类似：various_(n.)种类；变种7. relief (n.)_ (vi.)减轻；释放 类似：belief_ (vt.)相信8. Break (vt.) _ (adj.)破的，断的 类似:mistake_ (adj.)错误的9. kind (adj)_ (n.)和善，亲切 类似：ill_ (n.) 疾病10. fail (vi.) _ (n.) 失败 类似：press _ (n.) 压力 11. require (vt) _(n.)要求 类似：excite_ (n.) 兴奋12. assist (vt)_(n.)助手，助理 类似：inhabit_ (n.) 居民13. Independent (adj) _(n.)独立 类似：different_ (n.) 不同14. Fault (n) _(adj.)错误的，有缺点的 类似：wind_ (n.) 有风的短语过关1. _就来说，从某个角度看2. _单独地，独自地3. _愿意做某事4. _参与，与有关联5. _与比较6. _指控某人某事7. _怒视8. _禁不住做某事9. _诚实的说10. _由于11. _受某人欢迎的12. _致力于, 献身于13. _责备某人14. _落后，掉队15._ 越来 16._迷路17._ do some revision18._except for19._ end up20._ as well 21._ lead a happy life22._ the last straw23._ talk sb into doing sth24._ draw up25._ if anything26._ figure out27._ in a hurry28._ be allergic to重要考点突破1. suggest vt. 建议；提出，表明，暗示用法：后面接名词、代词或动名词作宾语，但不能接不定式，不能说suggest sb to do sth。作“建议”解时，后面所接that从句的谓语用“should+动词原形”，should可以省略；但作“表明，暗示”解时，后面的that从句的谓语用陈述语气。运用：用所给词的适当形式填空或完成下列句子。(1)They suggested_ (wait) until the proper time. (2)His cool response(反应) suggested that he _(not like) the idea.(3)We suggested that she_ (make) a working plan.(4)_(有人建议) that the meeting be put off till next week.(5)I _(向他建议) that we should deal with the problem another way. (6)Can you _ (提出一个办法) to do it? (7)I suggest _ (建议我们去)to the park on Sunday.2. desire vt 渴望，期望，要求用法：desire后面可接名词、代词、动词不定式以及从句作宾语，也可接复合宾语(desire sb to do)。后接从句时，从句谓语用“(should +) 动词原形”。运用：用所给词的适当形式填空或完成下列句子。(1)We always desire _ (live) in peace with our neighbours. (2)The Queen desires that you _ (come) at once.(3)He desired _ (我们离开) soon.(4)I_ (渴望幸福).3accuse vt. 控告，谴责 搭配：用介词填空。(1)accuse sb _sth指控某人做某事(2)He was accused _the robbery.有人指控他抢劫。拓展：the accused被告运用：用accuse 翻译句子。(1)她控告他偷她的表。_(2)他指责老板不守信。_4. deserve vt. 应受，值得，应该得到用法：其后多接不定式做宾语，偶尔可接-ing形式，此时用-ing的主动形式表示被动意义。如：He deserved to be punished.He deserved _.他应受处罚。deserve a rest/break/holiday应该休息deserve consideration/attention值得考虑/关注联想：need, require, want, be worth, deserve 后的动词ing形式必须用主动形式表被动意义。 运用：翻译下列句子。(1)你很有能力，你应该找到更好的工作才是！Youre very able. You _ a better job.(2)这本书值得一看。This book _.5. tear n. 眼泪 v. 撕破运用：根据汉语意思完成英文句子。(1)听到那个消息，他突然哭起来。He burst _ when he heard the bad news. (2)他把那封信撕成了碎片。She _pieces.(3)这种布料很容易撕破。This kind of cloth_.(4)他把布告撕了下来。He_.6. account n. 帐目，帐单，帐户；报告，描绘，叙述The accounts show a profit of 9000. 账目显示盈利9000英镑。 The policeman gave an account of the traffic accident.警察叙述了交通事故的经过。拓展：写出下列短语的汉语意思。(1)by all accounts _(2)on account of _(3)on no account _(4)take into account _(5)keep the accounts _(6)have an account at/with that bank_ (7)open an account _(8)draw money out of an account _(9)account for _运用：选用上述短语完成句子。(1)We delayed our departure _ the bad weather. (2)When judging his performance, dont _ his age _.(3)_ must you disturb me while I am studying.(4)Too much rain _the poor crop. (5)He could not _ his absence from school.7. judge vi. 评判，判定，断定 n. 审判员，裁判员，鉴赏家理解：说出下列各句的汉语意思。(1)I judge him to be about 40. (2)Shes a good judge of wine. 搭配：judging by/from 根据判断Judging from previous experience, he will be late.根据以往的经验，他会迟到。注意：judging from 用作独立结构，即不用考虑与逻辑主语的一致性（即不用judged from），类似的还有generally speaking (一般说来), strictly speaking(严格说来)等。运用：用judge的适当形式填空。(1)The performance was good, when _(judge) by their usual standards.(2)_(judge) from the truth, he is honest enough8. devote vt. 献身于，致力于搭配：熟记下列固定结构。(1)devote to把用在/献给(2)devote oneself to献身于/专心于/沉溺于/致力于(3)be devoted to专心于/沉迷于/深爱/忠诚注意：to 是介词，后接名词、代词，或者doing。运用:将下列句子译成汉语。(1)He has devoted his whole life to benefiting mankind.(2)Please devote more time to your work (3)He devoted himself to helping the poor.(4)She is devoted to her studies. 拓展:devoted adj.热爱的，忠实的，全心全意的 devotion n.奉献重要词组 1. end up (经过一个过程)以结束/告终，最后(到达)用法：可直接接doing；接sth.或sb. doing”时，常用with；后接表示职位的名词，表示“结果成为”时，后可用介词as。辨析：end up with sth/doing sth(经过一个过程)最终达到某状态(尤指不尽人意的) end with (活动或情况)以结束用end with, end up, end up with填空。(1) You will _ in debt if you keep on spending money like that.(2)The festival will _ a fireworks show.(3) Anyone who swims in the river could _ a nasty stomach upset.2. in terms of 就来说，从上看，用词句In terms of natural resources, it is one of the poorest countries in Western Europe.就自然资源来说，它是西欧最贫穷的国家之一。In terms of money, hes quite rich, but not in terms of happiness.就钱来说他很富有，但就幸福来说就不然了。He often talks about his girlfriend in terms of love.他经常用充满爱意的语言谈论他的女朋友。运用：根据汉语意思完成下列英文句子。(1)这本书获得了好评，但从实际销售情况来看，它并不太成功。The book has been well received, but_ it hasnt been very successful.(2)就经济力量说，它远远落后。_, she is far behind. 说到钱财，她们很富有，但幸福就是另一回事了。联想 come to terms with sth 就达成一致意见3. glare at 怒视(look atin a angry way)运用：翻译下列句子。(1)愤怒的父亲瞪着儿子。(2)他们站在那，互相怒视着对方。They stood there, _辨析：glance at 一瞥，匆匆一看(give a quick, short look)stare at 盯着，凝视(因惊奇、害怕、生气等而睁大眼全神贯注于某事)gaze at 注视(因欣赏或无意识地长时间注视)用glare at, glance at , stare at ,gaze at 填空(1)The teacher _the boy when he found the boy was making noise. (2)She _him shyly from behind her fan.(3)She stood _ the beautiful scenery.(4)He _me, trying to remember who I was.4. except for 除了He is a good man except for his hot temper.他是个好人，只是脾气暴躁而已。辨析：except 是指从同类的人或物中除掉一个或一些，except for 指对一个事物的整体表达作部分修正或指所谈及的名词和除外的名词不属于同类时。They all went to sleep except the young Frenchman. 除了那位年轻的法国人以外,他们全都去睡觉了。(the young Frenchman与They all都是人)Your composition is very good except for the spelling. 这篇文章除了拼写以外，其他都不错。(the spelling与your composition不属同类)：运用：用except, except for 填空。(1)This is a good essay _the first paragraph.(2)All the essays are very good _ yours and Johns. (3)The roads are deserted _a few cars. (4)The movie was good _the ending. (5)Any time _Monday would be all right. Knowledge points two: Learn the knowledge points of unit14.Lesson one.预习识记A根据首字母提示和英文释义写出单词1 ：money received over a certain period， especially as payment for work or as interest on investment2 ：something that you get because you have done something good or helpful or have worked hard3 ：to ask an amount of money for goods or services8 ：to go to sb.for information or advice; to look in or at sth.to get information9 ：map, diagram, graph or table giving clear information，especially about sth.that changes over a period of time10 ：an angry argument or disagreementB用所给词的适当形式填空11All our activities will take place under the of an experienced , who will us through the forests.(guidance)12My father is a who has studied for 30 years.(chemist)13In his , he just used three words to Jennys character.(summary)理解拓展1.Reward教材原句The old lady is offering a reward of $50 to anyone who finds her cat for her! 老妇人拿50美元给为她找到猫的人！(1)n.奖赏， 报酬；回报G offer a reward for (doing)sth. 为(做)某事而给某人报酬 in reward (for) 作为(对的)报答/奖赏A reward was offered for the return of the jewels.为找回珠宝而悬赏。She got nothing her kindness.她的好心没有得到一点报偿。reward sb.for (doing) sth. 因为(做了)某事而回报某人reward sb.with sth. 奖赏某人某物 (2)vt.报答；酬劳；奖赏 They him saving the child.他们因他救了那个小孩而奖赏他。She started singing to the baby and was rewarded with a smile.她开始唱歌， 孩子则报以微笑。reward名词指赏金、酬金或一些非金钱的报酬， 多指对某人的工作或服务等的报答动词表示“报答， 酬谢”award名词指奖品、奖金， 其义与prize近似。指一种官方的奖励行为， 往往指对在工作中取得成就或完成所提出要求的人而进行的一种奖励， 强调荣誉而不在乎奖品的大小或奖金的多少。还可指某种奖动词表示“(正式地或官方地)授予， 给予；(法庭)判给”自填助记用reward或award的适当形式填空He received a medal as a for his courage.He won the for the best student of the year. 2charge 教材原句Lawyers charge higher fees than doctors.律师比医生收费高。(1) vt.收费， 要价；控告；指控charge sb.money for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事而收某人钱be charged with 被指控犯罪charge sb.with . 指控某人犯罪Does the bank charge a fee for opening an account?在这家银行开设账户要收费吗？Man Wenjun drug taking.满文军被指控犯有吸毒罪。(2)n.费用， 价钱；控告；负责free of charge 免费的in charge of 负责；掌管take charge of 负责；掌管，接管，控制in the charge of 被掌管 Your order will be delivered .您的订单将免费派送。The patients are in the charge of the nurse.这个护士负责照顾病人。Tom will the company during the boss absence.老板不在期间由汤姆负责管理公司。3aid教材原句You are working for an institute that gives aid to the poor in a small village. 你在一家给小村子里的穷人提供帮助的机构工作。(1)n.援助， 帮助 China was one of the first countries to react to calls for international aid. 中国是最早对国际社会援助需求作出回应的国家之一。with the aid of .( with the help of .) 借助于in aid of . 为了帮助come/go to sb.s aid 前来(去)援助某人 The students are collecting money in aid of charity.学生们正在为资助慈善事业募捐。It breaks my heart to see you like this, but I cannot .看到你这样， 我心都要碎了， 但是我没法帮忙。4consult vt.& vi.请教， 查阅；(与人)商量教材原句He should consult Mr Jensen about the new account on the 24th.24日的新账目他应该请教延森先生。 He consulted the manual before repairing the machine.修理机器前,他查阅了使用说明书。Have you consulted a doctor about your disease?关于你的病， 你咨询过医生了吗？Im going to consult with my best friend on/about the matter.这件事我要与我最好的朋友商量。 consult sb.about sth 请教/咨询某人某事consult with sb.on/about sth. 就某事与某人商量consult表示“请教”时， 后跟人作宾语；表示“查阅”时， 后跟字典等工具书或参考书作宾语look up表示“(在字典中)查阅”， 后跟a word等需要查找的内容作宾语自填助记用consult或look up的适当形式填空I have a number of law books in the British Museums.You should the right pronunciation of this word in the dictionary.5quarrel vi.& n争吵， 吵架教材原句dont quarrel with anyone 不要和任何人争吵Were not going to quarrel about a few dollars.我们不想为了几个美元而吵架。They each other money.她们两个因为钱争吵起来了。点津quarrel的过去式、过去分词、现在分词可以双写“l”也可不双写“l”， 即quarrelquarrel(l)edquarrel(l)edquarrel(l)ing。They had a quarrel with each other about/over trifles.他们两个因鸡毛蒜皮的小事而争吵。重点短语考核1be rude 对(很)无礼2have (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难3make 确信4 an example 树立榜样5take charge 对负责；接管，控制6keep 保持镇静7send . 将寄出；发出8run 跑着穿过；偶然遇到或看到9so 迄今为止10rather 与其倒不如，不是而是11 time (in) doing sth.花(多少)时间做某事12 the guidance of 在指导下Lesson 2A根据词性和汉语意思写出单词1 n 托儿所， 保育室2 n. 童年， 儿童时代3 n. 打字机 4 n. 片刻， 瞬息5 n. 战斗， 战役 6 adj. 民间的，国民的， 国内的7 n. 智慧 8 n. 习语， 成语9 vt. 仔细检查 10 adv. 在底下11 vi. 弯腰， 倾身 12 n. 舞台；阶段，时期13 vt. & vi. 旋转， 转动B根据首字母提示和英文释义写出单词14 ：having a low rank in an organization or a profession15 ：the whole of space and everything in it16 ：all human beings thought about as one large group; the human race17 ：to succeed in dealing with or controlling a problem that has been preventing you from achieving sth. 18 ：to understand pletely19 ：to be completely loyal to one person, organization, etc.or give all your time and effort to your work, an activity, etc.20 ：fame, praise or honour that is given to sb. because they have achieved sth.important21 ：to be slow to speak or act because you feel uncertain or nervousC用所给词的适当形式填空22Mr Smith has been as principal of the key university and the will be announced at the next meeting.(appointment)23 by green hills and blue waters, the little village has pleasant . So you can see many rare birds in the areas.(surrounding)24We had rain for 3 days; it rains here at this time of the year.(constant) 25Does life on Mars, and how did they come into ？(exist)26Its to drive after drinking, and we all should drive as drivers.(illegal) 理解拓展Appointment教材原句I turned up for the appointment five minutes late .我约会迟到了5分钟(1)n.约见， 约会 Phone his secretary and make an appointment.打电话给他的秘书约定时间。It looks as if I wont be able to keep the appointment we made.看来我不能如期赴约了。The Director sees students only.系主任只按约定的时间见学生。(2)n.任命， 委任；职位His appointment as head of department has caused a lot of friction.任命他为部门经理引起了很大的矛盾。2surrounding adj.附近的， 周围的教材原句The town has many surrounding farms.这个镇周围有许多农场。 I visited Beijing and the surrounding countryside in a few months.我用了几个月的时间考察了北京及其周边郊区。The patients will again.surroundings n环境；周围的事物surround vt. 环绕， 围绕；(使)包围surround .with . 环绕/包围be surrounded by/with 被包围/环绕这个病人需要再次做手术。It took me a few weeks to get used to my new surroundings.我花了几个周的时间才适应了新环境。Taiwan the sea.台湾四面环海。surroundings专指自然环境， 从周围的事物这一客体着眼environment可指自然环境， 也可指精神环境， 均从环境给人的感受、道德及观念的影响着眼。所以我们说， 美丽的surroundings，幸福的environment自填助记用surroundings或environment填空The child grew up in a beautiful but not in a happy home .这个孩子是在美丽的自然环境中长大的， 但却缺少一个幸福的家庭环境。3overcome vt.战胜， 克服教材原句Although there were lots of difficulties to overcome, she never let her problems defeat her.尽管生活中有许多困难要克服， 但她从未被困难击倒。In the final game Sweden easily overcame France. 在决赛中，瑞典队轻松战胜了法国队。He struggled to overcome his shyness.他努力克服羞怯。4grasp 教材原句She said she chose to be a journalist because it is important that people grasp what is going on around them.她说选择做记者是因为人们了解周围发生的事是很重要的。(1)vt.理解， 领会；抓牢， 抓紧grasp that/wh从句理解grasp a chance/an opportunity 抓住机会grasp at sth. 尽力抓住某