浙江省高考英语二轮复习 说理议论阅读理解（4）.doc

说理议论阅读理解（4）说理议论（阅读理解）由 (2013北京,c)改编does fame drive you crazy?although being famous might sound like a dream come true,todays stars,feeling like zoo animals,face pressures that few of us can imagine.they are at the center of much of the worlds attention.paparazzi(狗仔队) camp outside their homes,cameras ready.tabloids(小报) publish thrilling stories about their personal lives.just imagine not being able to do anything without being photographed or interrupted for a signature.according to psychologist christina villarreal,celebritiesfamous peopleworry constantly about their public appearance.eventually,they start to lose track of who they really are,seeing themselves the way their fans imagine them,not as the people they were before everyone knew their names.“over time,”villarreal says,“they feel separated and alone.”the phenomenon of tracking celebrities has been around for ages.in the 4th century b.c.,painters followed alexander the great into battle,hoping to picture his victories for his admirers.when charles dickens visited america in the 19th century,his sold-out readings attracted thousands of fans,leading him to complain(抱怨) about his lack of privacy.tabloids of the 1920s and 1930s ran articles about film-stars in much the same way that modern tabloids and websites do.being a public figure today,however,is a lot more difficult than it used to be.superstars cannot move about without worrying about photographers with modern cameras.when they say something silly or do something ridiculous,there is always the internet to spread the news in minutes and keep their “story” alive forever.if fame is so troublesome,why arent all celebrities running away from it? the answer is there are still ways to deal with it.some stars stay calm by surrounding themselves with trusted friends and family or by escaping to remote places away from big cities.they focus not on how famous they are but on what they love to do or whatever made them famous in the first place.sometimes a few celebrities can get a little justice.still,even stars who enjoy full justice often complain about how hard their lives are.they are tired of being famous already.1.it can be learned from the passage that stars today .a.are often misunderstood by the publicb.can no longer have their privacy protectedc.spend too much on their public appearanced.care little about how they have come into fame2.what is the main idea of paragraph 3?()a.great heroes of the past were generally admired.b.the problem faced by celebrities has a long history.c.well-known actors are usually targets of tabloids.d.works of popular writers often have a lot of readers.3.what makes it much harder to be a celebrity today?()a.availability of modern media.b.inadequate social recognition.c.lack of favorable chances.d.huge population of fans.4.what is the authors attitude toward modern celebrity?()a.sincere.b.sceptical.c.disapproving.d.sympathetic.语篇解读:本文为一篇议论文,谈论了作为名人的窘境:头上罩着耀眼的光环,心底却埋藏着难言的苦衷,这就是公众人物的生活。答案及剖析:1.b推理判断题。第一段的后半部分提到狗仔队驻扎在明星家附近伺机拍摄,小报散布有关他们私生活的耸人听闻的消息,还有无处不在的拍录和签名,由此可推测如今的明星毫无隐私可言。故b项正确。2.b段落大意题。本段的第一句是主题句,根据本句的内容可知,名人所面临的问题由来已久。故b项正确。3.a推理判断题。第四段的开头部分提到如今做一名公众人物比以往更加困难,再结合本段中的“modern cameras”和“the internet”可知,之所以这样是因为现代化媒体在推波助澜。故选a项。4.d作者态度题。结合第一段中的“todays stars,feeling like zoo animals,face pressures that few of us can imagine”以及最后一段后两句中的内容可知,作者对现代名人满怀“同情”。【长难句子分析】although being famous might sound like a dream come true,状语从句 todays stars,主语feeling like zoo animals,状语 face谓语 pressures宾语 that few of us can imagine.定语从句虽然出名也许听起来像是梦想成真,但是当今的明星感觉像是动物园的动物,面临着我们很少人能想象的压力。阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (a、b、c和d) 中, 选出最佳选项。【2014枣庄高三模拟】if you choose only to complain and escape from a misfortune，it will always follow you wherever you go.but if you decide to be strong，the hardship will turn out to be a fortune on which new hopes will arise.in an accident，a boy lost both his arms and his fatherwho was the main source of support for the family.since then，he has had to depend on the arms of his younger brother.for the sake of taking care of him，his younger brother became his shadow，never leaving him alone for years.except for writing with his toes，he was completely unable to do anything in his life.as the two brothers grew up together，they had their share of problems and they would often quarrel.then one day，his younger brother wanted to leave，living his own life，as many normal people do.so he was heartbroken and didnt know what to do.a similar misfortune befell a girl，too.one night her mother，who suffered from chronic (慢性的) mental illness，disappeared.her father went out to look for her mother，leaving her alone at home.she tried to prepare meals for her parents，only to overturn the kerosene light on the stove，resulting in a fire which took her hands away.though her elder sister who was studying in another city，showed her willingness to take care of her，she was determined to be completely independent.at school，she always studied hard.most of all she learned to be selfreliant.one day，the boy and the girl were both invited to appear on a television interview program.the boy told the tv host about his uncertain future at being left on his own，whereas the girl was full of enthusiasm for her life.they both were asked to write something on a piece of paper with their toes.the boy wrote：my younger brothers arms are my arms；while the girl wrote：broken wings，flying heart.1what attitude should we take towards a misfortune in the authors opinion?atrying to find an escape from it.bfacing it bravely with a positive mind.casking for help from your relatives.dignoring it and living a normal life.2after the accident，the boy_.adecided to live with his brother blearnt to do things with his toescmade a living all by himself ddepended wholly on his brother3which of the following is true of the girl?ashe lost her mother in an accident.bher sister took good care of her.cshe was optimistic and full of courage.dshe led a poor life with her father.4what did the girl mean by “broken wings，flying heart”？anever give up hopes in face of hardship.bits not easy for her to live a normal life.cif a bird loses its wings，it cannot fly.dif you lose your hands，your life will be hard.5how does the author develop the text?ain the order of time.bby making a comparison.cby listing facts.din the order of importance.语篇解读本文为一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过对比两个有相似遭遇的人的不同结果，说明了人只要坚强，就会战胜困境，使不幸转化为幸运。1解析：推理判断题。根据第一段第二句可知，只要有积极的心态，学会坚强，勇敢地面对困境，不幸就会转化为幸运。答案：b2解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第二句和最后一句“except for writing with his toes，he was completely unable to do anything in his life.”可知，自从他遭遇事故后，小男孩一直以来完全依靠弟弟的帮助来生活。答案：d3解析：推理判断题。根据第五段内容和最后一段第二句中的“whereas the girl was full of enthusiasm for her life.”可知，小女孩面对不幸没有选择放弃，而是去学会自立，努力学习，并对生活充满热情。由此可知，小女孩很乐观，很勇敢。答案：c4解析：句意理解题。结合小女孩的不幸遭遇和她的现状可推知，本句话的字面意思为：尽管失去双翼，但思想仍要飞翔。即虽然面对困境，但是对生活不能失去希望和信心。答案：a5解析：篇章结构题。通读全文可知，文章通过对有相似遭遇的两个人的不同结果进行比较，说明了本文的主题。答案：b。阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (a、b、c和d) 中, 选出最佳选项。【2014泰安高三二轮复习质量检测】howie choset，a roboticist，has been researching and building robots，particularly snake robots，at pittsburghs carnegie mellon university for years.choset believes that his snake robot and others like it help reduce medical costs by making complex surgeries (外科手术) faster and easier.choset says his new design is smaller and more flexible than earlier models.the size of surgical robots allows surgeons to operate with far less damage to the body，helping the patient heal faster.for example，instead of opening the entire chest up during heart surgery，a small hole is made，and a thin robotic snake crawls inside to the proper spot.dr ashutosh tewari of cornell university medical center has used robotic tools to perform thousands of operations.tewari said hes most excited about the potential for surgical robots to do things humans cant do.he said the variety of sensors available for surgical robots keeps expanding，even as they get smaller.he said they may one day be able to test chemicals or blood in the body，or even the electrical connections in nerves.choset has also built larger snake robots designed for search and rescue，or just exploration.they can climb poles or trees and then look around through a camera in the head，and slid through places humans cant reach.another expert at carnegie mellon stresses that theres still an enormous gap between humans and even the most hightech robots.manuela velosa noted that robots have been built that are good at one or two tasksbut not at the variety of tasks humans perform without even thinking.velosa has been building robots that ask humans for help when they dont know what to do，as well as teams of robots that play soccer against each other.sometimes，the robots surprise her by having once defeated the other team.“it was programmed by me，but it looked to me as if they learned，” she said.“i believe we are much closer to having robots be able to exist with humans peacefully.the beautiful thing is you see the robots learning.”1how does choset help save medical costs?aby changing the size of robots frequently.bby designing larger snake robots.cby making complex surgeries faster and easier.dby improving the models of earlier snake robots.2the main advantage of using the thin surgical robot is_.areducing the damage to the bodybproving the technology useful to themchelping the doctors make much moneydworsening the patients sickness3according to manuela velosa，_.arobots will replace humans in the futurebrobots can do much better than humans at some taskscno robots can be made to turn to humans for helpdrobots are able to learn by themselves4what can be inferred from the text?athe s