第15章 副词(教).doc

第15章 副词一、副词的分类副词按词汇意义可分为：时间副词(P407)：today，early，soon，now，then，recently，still地点副词(P408)：here，there，out，somewhere，abroad，home，方式副词(P410)：well，fast，slowly，carefully，quickly程度副词、强调副词(P412)：very，much，enough，almost，rather，quite，absolutely, completely疑问副词、连接副词和关系副词：how，where，when, why频度副词：always，often，usually，sometimes，seldom，never否定副词：no，not，neither，nor，其他：also，too，only二、副词的基本用法：副词是用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词以及全句话的词类，表示时间、地点、程度、方式等概念。E.g.: 1.We should listen to our teachers carefully. (方式副词) 2. He is very happy today. （时间副词） 3.“What happened？”I asked，rather angrily. (方式副词) 4. In spring，I can see flowers everywhere. （地点副词）三、常见副词用法辨析1.already与yet的区别already用于肯定句句中，表示“已经”;yet用于否定句句末，表示“还”，用于疑问句句末，表示“已经”E.g. He had already left when I called. Have you found your ruler yet？ I havent finished my homework yet.注意：already还可以表示惊奇，惊讶等语气，常用于疑问句句末E.g. Has your son gone to school already？你的儿子已经上学了吗？(表示很惊讶)2. very，much和very much.的区别very用于修饰形容词或副词的原级；much用于修饰形容词或副词的比较级；修饰动词要用very much.E.g. John is very honest. This garden is much bigger than that one. Thank you very much.3.so与such的区别so修饰形容词或副词; such修饰名词，E.g. My brother runs so fast that I cant follow him. He is such a boy.so修饰的形容词后可以有一个单数的可数名词，其结构是“so/that+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数”. E.g. He is so clever a boy.=He is such a clever boy.他是一个如此聪明的孩子。 How clever the boy is!such可以修饰可数名词单复数和不可数名词，名词前可以有形容词作定语，其结构是“such+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数”，“such+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词”，It is such cold weather.这么冷的天气。(正)It is so cold weather.(误)They are such good students.他们是那么好的学生。(正)They are so good students. (误)What good students they are!如果可数名词复数前有many，few或不可数名词前有much，little修饰，用so不用such.E.g. so many(如此多的)；so few(如此少的) so much(如此多的)；so little(如此少的)4.also，too，as well与either的区别also，as well，too，用于肯定句，also常用于be动词，情态动词，助动词之后，行为动词之前；as well，too用于句末；either用于否定句中，置于句末。 E.g. My father is a teacher. My mother is also a teacher. =My father is a teacher. My mother is a teacher as well. =My father is a teacher. My mother is a teacher，too.I cant speak French. Jenny cant speak French，either.5.sometime，sometimes，some time与some times的区别sometime：某一时间，某一时刻，可指将来时，也可指过去时sometimes：有时，不时的some time：一段时间some times：几次，几倍E.g. Well have a test sometime next month. 下个月的某一时间，我们要进行一次测试。 Sometimes we are busy and sometimes we are not. 有时我们很忙，有时不忙。 He stayed in Beijing for some time last year.他去年在北京呆了一段时间。 I have been to Beijing some times.我去过北京好几次。6.ago与before的区别ago表示以现在为起点的“以前”，常与一般过去时连用，不可以单独使用。before指过去或将来的某时刻“以前”，也可泛指以前，常和完成时连用，可以单独使用。E.g. I saw him ten minutes ago. 我十分钟之前看到的他。 He told me that he had seen the film before. 他告诉我他以前看过这场电影。7.now，just与just now的区别now：与一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时连用，意为“现在”just：与现在完成时、过去完成时连用，表示“刚”just now：和过去时连用，表示“刚才”E.g. Where does he live now？ 他现在住哪里？ We have just seen the film. 我们刚看过这场电影。 He was here just now.他刚才在这里。Exercise(B )1 Is chemistry more difficult than physics？ No，chemistry isnt as _as physics. A. easy B. difficult C. easier D. more difficult(C )2.Keep quiet，please. Its _noisy here. A. many too B. too many C. much too D. too much(B )3.Have you _ spoken to a foreigner？ No，_. A. already，never B. ever，never C. yet，already D. ever，ever( C )4.He is taller than _in his class.A. any boy B. any C. any other boyD. some other boys( A )5.Ill go and visit you _ next week. A. sometime B. sometimes C. some times D. some time( A )6 .Weve never heard of _story before.A. such a strange B. such strange C. so a strange D. so strange( B )7.You must wear glasses. They can keep your eyes_.A. soft B. safe C. safely D. safety(A )8. Pass my glasses to me，Jack., I can _read the words in the newspaper. A. hardly B. really C clearly D. rather( B )9.Three years _，he become a driver. A. late B. later C. lately D. more lately( D )10.Do you think the fish tastes_？ She cooked it_，I think. A good，good B well，good C well，well D good，well(C )11. Work gets done _ when people do it together, and the rewards are higher too. A. easily B. very easy C. more easily D. easier( D )12. My parents have always made me _ about myself, even when I was twelve. A. feeling well B. feeling good C. feel well D. feel good(D )13. He began to take political science _ only when he left school. A. strictly B. truly C. carefully D. seriously( C )14. The final score of the basketball match was 93-94. We were only _ beaten. A. nearly B. slightly C. narrowly D. lightly( B )15. The new group of students is better-behaved than the other group who stayed here _. A. early B. earlier C. earliest D. the earliest( B )16. Do you need any help, Lucy?Yes, The job is _ I could do myself. A. less than B. more than C. no more than D. not more than(C )17. There is an old proverb, “Love me, love my dog. ” But there is _ wisdom in this: “Love me, love my book.” A. some B. much C. more D. most( B )18. With April 18s railway speedup, highway and air transport will have to compete with _ service for passengers. A. good B. better C. best D. the best( B )19. The melon the Smiths served at dinner would have tasted _ if it had been put in the fridge for a little while. A. good B. better C. best D. well( B )20. After two years research, we now have a _ better understanding of the disease. A. very B. far C. fairly D. quite( C )21. Speaking of all the songs he has written, I think this is probably his _ one. A. better-known B. well-known C. best-known D. most-known(B )22. Of the two coats, Id choose the _ one to spare some money for a book. A. cheapest B. cheaper C. more expensive D. most expensive(D )23. I wonder why Mary is so unfriendly to us. She is _ than unfriendly, Im afraid. A. shyer B. much shyer C. shy more D. more shy( D )24. I didnt do well in this English examination. How about you? I did _ you. A. not better than B. no worse than C. as well as D. no better than( A )25. Now that you like the house with a garden, why not buy it? Well, I cant afford _ house at present. A. that expensive a B. a such expensive C. that an expensive D. a so expensive( C )26. Do you regret paying ten dollars for that book?No, I would gladly have paid _. A. as twice many B. twice as many C. twice as much D. as twice much( A )27. Im leaving on April 30. So why not come to spend _ days with me? A. all these last few B. these all last few C. these last all few D. all last these few语序：不定代词 + 指示代词 + 序数词 + 基数词( A )28. Be careful not to drop the Ming Dynasty vase. Yes, we cant be _. cant be too + adj，其意为“无论也不为过”。A. too careful B. very careful C. too careless D. careless enough( C )29. We do meet now