1 时态讲义.doc

动词时态一 一般现在时用法：经常性或习惯性的动作，客观存在及普遍真理注：第三人称单数作主语时谓语变化He goes to school by bike everyday.二 一般过去时用法：过去经常性或习惯的动作He often went to school by bike last year.三 一般将来时用法：将要发生或有可能发生的动作状态形式：will do客观上将要发生 be going to do打算去做或可能发生的事（主观） be to do计划好的事情 be about to do即将/正要发生四 一般过去将来时用法：从过去某一时刻看，将要发生的事情形式：would do He said he would leave here next year.五 现在进行时用法：正在进行的动作形式：am/ is/ are doing注：1.瞬间动词go, come, leave, arrive, start, end等的现在进行时表示将要发生的动作。 The bus is coming in ten minutes.2.表示感觉，情感，看法，愿望等的词（如hear, love, wish, forget）一般不用进行时态六过去进行时用法：表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作形式：was/ were doing I was doing my homework at 7:00 yesterday.七 将来进行时用法：表示将来某时刻可能正在进行的动作形式：will be doing I will be having a meeting at five tomorrow.八 现在完成时1.表示过去发生的对现在有影响的动作I have seen the film many times.2.表示过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在的动作 He has lived here since 1949.3.形式：have/ has done4.常见标志：for+一段时间， since+时间点， already， yet，表示次数的词九过去完成时用法：表示过去某一时刻之前已经开始并一直延续到现在，或在此刻之前已经完成的动作 I had been here before 2008.By the end of last term we had learned 1000 words.形式：had done注：有些动词（如hope, think, expect, mean, intend, suppose, want等）的过去完成时可表示过去未曾实现的希望，打算或意图。I had hoped to see more of Beijing.十将来完成时用法：截止到将来某时刻为止，可能会完成的动作形式：will have done We will have learned 1000 words by the end of this year.十一.现在完成进行时用法：表示动作从过去某一时间开始，一直延续到现在，可能还要继续下去形式：has/ have been doing I have been working for about two hours. 动词时态与语态练习1. - Oh, dear. I forgot the air tickets.- You _ something.A. have left B. are always leavingC. are leaving D. always left2. - I _ so busily recently that I _ no time to help you with your math.- Thats OK. I can manage it by myself.A. have been working; haveB. have worked; hadC. am working; will haveD. had been working; had had3. He _ at the meeting, but his heart attack prevented him.A. will speak B. is going to speakC. had to speak D. was going to speak4. - I beg your pardon, but I didnt quite catch you. - Oh, I _ myself.A. am talking to B. talked about C. have talked to D. was talking to5. I _ ping-pong quite well, but I havent had time to play since the New Year. A. will play B. have played C. played D. play6. I first met Tom 10 years ago. He _ in a radio factory at that time.A. had worked B. has worked C. was working D. has been working7. - What _ when I phoned you?- I _ my work, and I wanted to go out.A. have you done; finishedB. were you doing; have finishedC. did you do; had just finished D. were you doing; had just finished8. - Have you finished the report? - No. I _ it all this week.A. will do B. had doneC. have done D. have been doing9. I can guess you were in a hurry. You _ your sweater inside out.A. had worn B. wore C. were wearing D. are wearing10. - We _ that you would fix the TV set this week.- Im sorry. I _ to fix it this week, but Ive been too busy.A. had expected; had intendedB. are expecting; had intendedC. expect; intendD. expected; intend11. They wont buy new clothes because they _ money to buy a new house.A. save B. are savingC. have saved D. were saving12. - I will come to attend your lecture at 10:00 tomorrow.- Im sorry, by then my lecture will have ended and I _ my guests in my office.A. is being met B. will meet C. will be meeting D. will have met13. - Alice came back home the day before yesterday.- Really? Where _?A. has she been B. had she beenC. has she gone D. had she gone14. I know Mr. Brown; we _ to each other at an international conference.A. are introduced B. are been i