09(春)护专练习卷1.doc

上海交通大学网络学院医学院分院2009（春）、2008（秋）年级毕业理论综合考试练习卷（1）专业：护理学（专科）一、英语（30%）：I Vocabulary & StructureDirections: There are 25 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence.1When a child grows up, he learns to_ others.A. speak to B. communicate with C. agree with D. communicate to 2Some social problems are caused by the widening _ between the rich and the poor.A. gap B. attitude C. disgrace D. potential3 The guest, who couldnt stand the noise, _ that he change the room immediately.A. mentioned B. expected C. insisted D. declared 4_ that each member of the family will share the cost of the gift for their grandmother.A. AgreeingB. Having agreed C. To agreeD. It is agreed5 I was _ at the number of people who did not know that George Washington is called the Father of His Country.A ignorant B. blessed C. amazed D. content6Henry _ into a table and landed heavily on the floor and had to be helped to his feet by friends. A. crashed B. proceeded C. retreated D. limped 7 It is not easy for non-native speakers at the beginning level to tell British English _ American English.A. between B. from C. toD. for8 Donald Mc Intyre was arrested by the police on suspicion of being connected in the _ disappearance of a man. A. evident B. ancient C. critical D. mysterious 9During the nine months before her baby is born, her face is one _ smile.A.humbleB. exclusive C. perpetualD. modest10 Lying in hospital, the patient _ the outside world by watching news programs on TV every night. A. slowed down B. turned the clock back C. faced up to D. kept in touch with 11His wife is constantly finding _ with him, which makes him very angry.A. errors B. shortcomings C. fault D. flaw12With everyone trying his best, the work team _ the task within the shortest time. A. committed B. accomplished C. endured D. occupied13 Although they plant trees in this area every year，the tops of some hills are still _ A. bare B. vacant C. blank D. hollow14By sending the “Pathfinder” to Mars, American scientists have taken another step in _ the possibility of any form of life on the planet.A.looking intoB.turning outC.coming up withD.taking advantage of15On seeing the wounded soldier, Lucy quickly folded her arms round him, then just as quickly pulled back to _ his swollen (肿的) nose and mouth. A. monitorB. recognize C. inspectD. reveal16They all returned to the village, _ that the danger was over.Aconvincing Bconvinced Cto convince Dhaving convinced17She fell asleep at last, but in no time at all the pain in her back _ her again, sharp and insistent. A. conquered B. wakened C. absorbed D. retired18Regular review is important. Devote some time during each study hour to reviewing material _ learned.A. scarcely B. eventuallyC.previouslyD. exactly19We were all weak from _, not having had food for over forty hours.A. illness B. disaster C. hunger D. incident20_ has been discovered in the tomb was proved to be made in Ming dynasty.A.What B.That C.All D.who21They took emergency steps to protect themselves from the _ disease.A. conveyed B. dreaded C. dispersedD. exploded 22Volcanoes are divided into three main groups based on their shape and the type of material they _. A. are madeB. made of C. are made of D. are being made of23Iron has an important role to play in the _ working of the human body and is vital to healthy living. A.efficient B.favorite C. primary D.current24_ the higher capital expenditure involved, the machine may prove moreeconomical in the long run.A .In spite of B BesidesC .Except for D Apart from25 The project manager _ told us that we could leave early today. It was _ to think about what I could do with this extra time.A. excitedly exciting B. excitedly excitedC. excitingly exciting D. excitingly excitedIIReading Comprehension Directions: There is a passage in this part. The passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should choose the best answer to each question based on the passage.Passage ：Today most people speak English when they meet foreigners. It has become the international language. There are many reasons why English has become so popular. One of them is that English has become the language of business. Another important reason is that popular American culture, like movies, music, and McDonalds, has quickly spread throughout the world. It has brought its language with it. Is it good that English has spread to all parts of the world so quickly? I dont know. Its important to have a language that the people of the earth have in common. Our world has become very global and we need to communicate with one another. On the other hand, English is a quite complicated language to learn and it brings its culture with it. Do we really need that? Scientists have already tried to create an artificial language that isnt too difficult and doesnt include anyone groups culture. It is called Esperanto. But it hasnt become popular. But maybe the popularity of English wont last that long either. Who knows? There are more people in the world who speak Chinese than any other language. Maybe someday Chinese will be the new international language. 26.According to the author, one reason for the popularity of English is that _.A. American culture is spreading throughout the world B. American people like to do business with foreigners C. English is a beautiful language D. English is not difficult to learn 27. We really need a international language as English, because:A. we need business.B. we need popular American culture. C. we need to communicate with one another.D. we need to study sciences.28.Which of the following is NOT true about Esperanto _? A. Its created by scientists. B. Its supposed to be easy. C. It doesnt include any groups culture. D. It has become popular. 29. Which one of the reasons why English has become so popular is NOT true?A. There are more people in the world who speak English than any other language. B. English has become the language of business. C. Popular American culture has quickly spread throughout the world with it. D. Our world has become very global and we need to have a language in common.30. In “It has brought its language with it” (the second paragraph), the first word “it” refers to _.A. an important reason B. American people as a whole C. popular American culture D. the world二、健康评估（25%）：A型题（最佳选择题）31以下各项中不属于护理病历首页内容的是： A患者一般资料 B健康史 C身体评估 D辅助检查 E护理计划32当我们进行问诊时，要注意避免的是： A复述患者叙述的内容 B提出质疑 C澄清相关内容 D当病人回答含糊不清时，进行诱导和提示 E对患者表述的问题进行解析33成人胸部叩诊，属于不正常叩诊音的是： A清音； B鼓音； C浊音； D实音； E过清音。34呼吸有大蒜味可见于：A 一氧化碳中毒 B 有机磷农药中毒 C 肝性脑病 D 糖尿病酮症酸中毒 E 尿毒症35小肠疾病腹痛多位于：A全腹 B右上腹 C脐周 D左上腹 E下腹36皮下出血点，直径3-5mm,，压之不褪色，称为：A淤点 B淤斑 C紫癜 D蜘蛛痣 E斑疹37有一新生儿黄疸，医生判断为溶血性。此时一般不出现：A胆红素尿 B发热 C可能与哺乳有关 D粪便深黄 E皮肤浅柠檬黄色38黑便提示出血量为每日：A5ml B70ml C 200ml D 200-500ml E500ml39双侧瞳孔大小不等，主要见于：A虹膜粘连 B脑疝 C药物中毒 D动眼神经损伤 E意识障碍40节律性，周期性上腹部烧灼痛或空腹痛是下列哪种疾病引起疼痛的特点 A胃癌 B浅表性胃炎 C胰腺炎 D消化性溃疡 E以上都不是41以下哪一项符合心源性水肿的特点？ A下垂部位，如内踝、卧位患者腰骶部首发； B胫前部位明显； C眼睑、颜面部首发； D以腹水为主要表现； E. 发展迅速，移动性大。42黏液性水肿面容的典型特征是 A唇舌肥厚、耳鼻增大 B. 双颊紫红、口唇发绀 C.表情痛苦、面色潮红D. 面圆如满月、皮肤发红 E. 以上都不是43 乳腺炎患者可出现淋巴结肿大，一般是以下的：A 滑车上淋巴结 B 腋窝淋巴结 C颈部淋巴结D 左锁骨上淋巴结 E 右锁骨上淋巴结44蜘蛛痣主要出现于： A 上腔静脉分布区域； B双下肢、面、颈部； C大、小鱼际、面、颈部； D 下腔静脉分布区域； E上、下腔静脉分布区域。45心电图中P-R间期的正常值是： A0.100.20s B0.100.22s C 0.120.22s D0.120.20s E0.080.22s46 室性早搏宽大畸形的QRS波群前： A 有逆行P波 B有窦性P波 C有提前出现的P波D 无相关的P波或提早出现的P波 E 以上都不正确47心律绝对不齐，脉搏短绌，心音强弱不等的，表明该患者出现：A房颤 B室性期前收缩 C阵发性室上速 D房室传导阻滞 E窦性心律不齐4868岁女性患者，1小时前饱餐后突然感到剑突处压榨性闷痛，伴呕吐、冷汗及濒死感。即送到医院就诊。心电图表现为V1V6导联ST段斜形抬高， T波高耸。 诊断为心肌梗死。该患者病变的具体定位应该是：A前间壁 B后壁 C下壁 D高侧壁 E广泛前壁49下列各项中不属于思维能力评估的是 A抽象思维功能 B洞察力 C判断力 D记忆力 E定向力50个体对自己身体外形以及身体功能的认识与评价，在自我概念中其是属于：A体像 B 自我认同 C 自尊 D社会认同 E自信51就病人而言，最需护理干预的最常见的情绪状态为：A愤怒与痛苦 B痛苦与焦虑 C紧张与烦恼 D焦虑与抑郁 E紧张与恐惧52初诊为癌症或其他预后不良疾病的病人常发生的角色适应不良为： A病人角色强化 B病人角色缺如 C病人角色模糊 D病人角色消退 E病人角色冲突 53医院感染常见的易感人群是：A 医院护理人员 B 医院医生 C免疫力低下住院患者 D 陪客 E 行外科手术患者54口服糖耐量试验，或两次不同时间测定，可以诊断为糖尿病的空腹血糖达到的值是A11.1mmol/L； B10.5 mmol/L； C8.9 mmol/L； D7.0 mmol/L； E6.1 mmol/L。55抗dsDNA抗体阳性常见于：A类风湿性关节炎 B冷球蛋白血症 CSLE D慢性肝病 E慢性感染三、内、外科护理学：（45%）56患者因支气管肺炎入院，近几日咳嗽加重，痰液形稠。护士为此患者作超声波雾化吸入首选药物是： A庆大霉素 Ba-糜蛋白酶 C卡那霉素 D氨茶碱 E地塞米松 57. 肺癌最常见的早期症状是：A刺激性呛咳 B胸闷、气急 C胸痛 D血痰 E发热58最易引起慢性肺心病急性发作的因素是： A吸烟 B寒冷空气刺激 C急性呼吸道感染 D慢性呼吸道感染 E劳累 59男性，72岁。有55年吸烟史，患慢性阻塞性肺气肿10年。入院主诉胸闷、气促伴胸痛。体检示：血压165/90mmHg，双肺有哮鸣音,踝部指压性凹陷。动脉血气检查示：pH 7.32, PaCO270 mmHg ,HCO3-34mmol/L。该病人存在的酸碱代谢失衡是属于 A呼吸性碱中毒 B呼吸性酸中毒 C代谢性酸中毒 D代谢性碱中毒 E混合型酸碱失衡60心室早搏最主要的心电图特征是： AQRS波群提前出现 BQRS波群前后无相关的P波 C提早出现的宽大畸形QRS波群 DT波与QRS波群的主波方向相反 E代偿间隙完全61阵发性室上性心动过速病人发病时最主要的护理诊断是：A焦虑 B活动无耐力 C知识缺乏 D潜在并发症，猝死 E潜在并发症，栓塞62护理心源性水肿病人，不正确的方法是： A测体重、腹围每日1次 B每天食盐摄入量控制在5g以下 C一般每日进液量控制在1500ml以内 D下肢水肿时应抬高下肢 E定时协助或指导病人变换体位63病人服用地高辛前应先测量： A体温 B脉搏 C呼吸 D血压 E尿量64下列指标均提示溶栓后血管再通，除外： A心电图抬高的ST段2小时回降50 B胸痛2小时内基本消失 C血沉增快 D2小时内出现再灌注心律失常 E血清Ck-MB酶峰值提前出现65病毒性心肌炎主要致病病毒为： A柯萨奇病毒A组 B 柯萨奇病毒B组 C传染性肝炎病毒 D带状疱疹病毒 E传染性单核细胞增多症66肝硬化导致门脉高压的表现有： A蜘蛛痣 B脾大 C上腹饱胀 D颈静脉怒张 E大隐静脉曲张67与十二指肠溃疡发病关系密切、并临床化验中可检出的细菌是 A幽门螺杆菌 B大肠杆菌 C链球菌 D金黄色葡萄球菌 E绿脓杆菌68慢性肾功能衰竭晚期常出现的危急情况是： A头痛、呕吐 B贫血、出血 C呼吸困难D少尿、高血钾 E高血压或低血压69作内生肌酐清除率检查，实验前三日的饮食是： A高热量饮食 B高蛋白饮食 C无肌酐饮食 D多纤维素饮食 E正常饮食70对缺铁性贫血患者，需口服硫酸亚铁时，正确的指导方法为：A饭前服用 B饭后服用 C间隔8 小时一次 D任何时间都可以 E睡前服一次71ITP患者的健康指导正确的是 A 疾病知识教育 B 避免或加重出血 C 治疗配合指导D 自我监测病情 E 以上均是72慢性粒细胞性白血病的突出表现是：A淋巴结肿大 B脾肿大 C低热 D贫血 E出血 73在骨质疏松的治疗中，元素钙每日的给予量应大于： A 200400mg B 400600mg C 8001200mg D 14001600mg E 2000mg74女，23岁，两天来乏力，口渴，恶心。查空腹血糖185mmol/L，尿糖（+）。此时最需作的检查和最应注意的潜在并发症是： A血渗透压，高渗性非酮症糖尿病昏迷； B血白血球计数及分类，脓毒血症； C尿酮体，酮症酸中毒昏迷； D心肌酶谱，心肌梗死； E肾功能，糖尿病肾病75磺尿类药物降低血糖的机制主要为：A延缓碳水化合物吸收 B增加胰岛素敏感性 C降低组织胰岛素抵抗 D类胰岛素作用 E促胰岛素分泌 76病毒性肝炎急性期病人最适当的饮食是 A高蛋白、高碳水化合物饮食 B 高热量、低脂肪饮食 C高蛋白、低脂肪饮食 D高碳水化合物、高维生素饮食 E适合病人口味的清淡饮食77高血压脑病的临床表现是： A精神错乱及自知力丧失 B头痛、失眠、记忆力减退 C性格和行为改变、扑翼样震颤 D头痛、呕吐、抽搐和意识模糊E.昏迷伴偏身瘫痪78对于感觉障碍患者的护理不宜采取的措施是： A床褥平整柔软 B床上忌放锐具 C定时翻身拍背 D早期知觉训练 E用热水袋保暖79反映休克病人病情危重的指标是：A神志淡漠 B伴代谢性酸中毒 C脉搏细速120次/分D收缩压低于10.7kPa（80mmHg） E皮肤出现多处瘀点、瘀斑80一般择期手术病人的术前呼吸道准备措施是：A进行体位引流 B应用抗生素 C应用支气管扩张剂D口服地塞米松 E戒烟81全胃肠外营养支持病人可能发生的最严重的代谢并发症是：A高钾血症 B低钾血症 C肝功能异常D高渗性非酮性昏迷 E高血糖82清点器械、敷料、缝针等应在：A胸、腹腔及深部手术关闭前 B手术开始前 C手术进行中D手术结束后 E手术开始前和胸、腹腔及深部手术关闭前83纠正代谢性酸中毒首选：A112%乳酸钠 B5%碳酸氢钠 C36%三羟甲基氨基甲烷 D 0.9%氯化钠 E5%葡萄糖溶液氯化钾84某男，30岁，下肢急性蜂窝织炎伴全身化脓性感染，需抽血做血培养及抗生素敏感试验，最佳时间应是：A高热时 B间歇期 C寒战时 D静脉滴注抗生素时 E抗生素输入后85属于闭合性损伤的是：A裂