新视界大学英语综合教程3 unit5.ppt

Warmingup Dothequestionnaire Warmingup Warmingup Warmingup Workingroupsofthreeorfouranddiscussthequestions 1Whoisthemostsocial 2Whatisyourideaofasocialanimal 3Whatisthemostantisocialthingyoueverdid Warmingup Lookatthetitleofthepassageandchoosethemeaningofalonelypersonwhichisclosesttoyourownidea a someonewhohasnofriends b someonewhohasnotimeforotherpeople c someonewhofindsitdifficulttorelatetootherpeople d someonewhodoesn tlikespendingtimeinotherpeople scompany e someonewhoprefersnewtechnologytorealpeople Warmingup Watchthevideoclipanddiscussthequestion Skimming Browsethepassagewithin8minutestogetaroughideaaboutit AnswerthequestionsofActivity2and3onpage99 Task Skimming Check theclaimsthatthewritermakesaboutAmericanstoday TheclaimsthewritermakesaboutAmericanstodayare 1 5 6and8 Skimming Answerthequestions 1HowhavetherelationshipsthatAmericanshavewiththeirneighbourschangedinrecentyears Peopleusedtofeeltheyhadtobeactivelynicetotheirneighboursandseethemregularly butnowtheytryhardnottodisturbtheireighboursortakeuptheirtime 2InwhatwayareAmericans pulled aswellas pushed tobeingisolated Americansarepulled attracted towardsisolationbyanimageofthemselvesasself reliantpeopleabletostandontheirowntwofeet andpushed forced toitbylackoftimetosocialize Skimming 3Howdoesbeingpartofasocialgroupaffectpeople shealth Itcanmakepeoplelivelonger handlestressbetter haveaneffectiveimmunesystemandsufferlessfromvariousundesirablehealthconditions 4Inwhatwayissocialisolationnotgoodfromanecologicalviewpoint Ittakesasmuchenergytoheatandlightaroomforonepersonorthreepeople Asinglepersondrivingtothesupermarketusesasmuchpetrolassomeonegoingshoppingforsix Lonelypeopleoftendomoreshoppingandaccumulatemorepossessions Skimming 5Whyisitimportanttorecognizeone sloneliness Untiltheproblemisnotedandacknowledged therecanbenostepstowardsasolution 6Whicharethesmalleverydaychoiceswhichpeoplemake andwhichcanmakethemmoreorlessisolated Theexamplesgivenareallofchoosingtointeractwithpeopledirectly seeingandtalkingtotheminashop talkingonthephone goingoutwithafriend orofavoidingthatsortofcontact e shopping listeningtomessages watchingafilmathomeonone sown Skimming 7WhatpositivecharacteristicsofAmericansdoesthewriterhighlightinthepassage Self confidence Para3 considerationforothers lackoftime Para4 andself reliance Paras6and7 8Whatnegativecharacteristicsdoesthewriterhighlight Beingtoobusy Para3 neglectingsocialrelations Para5 andmaterialism Paras3 5and10 ThelonelyAmerican 译文 Digging Backgroundinformation 1Americansinthe21stcenturydevotemoretechnologytostayingconnectedthananysocietyinhistory yetsomehowthedevicesfailus Studiesshowthatwefeelincreasinglyalone Ourlivesarespentinatug of warbetweenconflictingdesires wewanttostayconnected andwewanttobefree Welurchbackandforth reachingforboth Howmuchofoneshouldwegiveupinordertohavemoreoftheother Howdoweknowwhenwe vegotitright Digging 2Yetpeopleinthiscountrycontinuetodriftapart Weneedtoknowwhy 3First let slookatthefreneticbusynessofourlives Americansmaybetheonlypeopleintheworldwhobelievethateachindividualhastherightandthecapacitytofitwhateverheorshewantsintoonesmalllife Americaistheoriginal Youcanbeanythingyouwantifyoureallytry andit snevertoolatetostarttrying country 译文 Digging 4Agoodfrienddescribedtheimpactofbusynessonourneighborhoodsbrilliantly Beingneighborlyusedtomeanvisitingpeople Nowbeingnicetoyourneighborsmeansnotbotheringthem People slivesareshapedbyhowbusytheyare Livesalsoareshapedbytherespectanddeferencethatisgiventobusyness especiallywhenitisvaluedaboveconnectionandcommunity Ifpeopleareconsiderate theyassumethattheirneighborsareverybusyandsotrynottointrudeonthem Droppingbyisnolongerneighborly Itissimplyrude 译文 Digging 5Wetreatsocializingasifit safrivolousdiversionfromthetasksathandratherthananactivitythatisessentialtoourwell beingasindividualsandasacommunity Soonournotbotheringtocallpeople orevenemailthem getsreadbyothersasasignthatwearetoocaughtupinthebusysweepofourownlivestohavetimeforthem Ourfriendsarenotsurprised Ourrelativesmaybeindignant buteventheyknowhowharditis Anunspokenunderstandingdevelops It stoobadthatwe velosttouch butthat sjustthewayitis 译文 Digging 6Thepaceofeverydaylifemaypushustowardisolation butthereisapull aswell averyseductivepictureofstandingapartasavictory notaretreat EversinceRalphWaldoEmersonwrotehisfamousessayandHenryDavidThoreausetouttoembodytheconceptinhiscabinonWaldenPond alongseriesofAmericaniconshaveidealizedtheconceptofself reliance 译文 Digging 7Andwhenwedofindourselvesisolated bystandingtallinourownminds sidebysidewithself reliantheroes eachofusissuddenlynolongeralonebutpartofagroup agreatAmericantraditionoflonesomecowboysandgo it aloneentrepreneurs Thatpsychologicalmagicbecomesthespoonfulofsugarthatmakespainfulexperiencesoffindingourselvesleftouteasiertoswallow Wemayhaveisolatedourselveswithoutentirelymeaningto butwealsohaveendedupinaplacethatlooksalotlikewherewealwaysknewthatweweresupposedtostand Ontheoutside proudtobethere 译文 Digging 8Itisalsothelastplaceonearththatapersonwouldwanttobe 9Theconsequencesofsocialdisconnectionarebothextensiveandremarkablydiverse Tobeginwith socialsupportisanimportantdeterminantofoverallhealth Ithassignificanteffectsonlongevity onanindividual sresponsetostress onimmunefunctions andontheincidenceofavarietyofspecificillnesses Indiseasesasvariedasheartattacksanddementia medicalresearchrepeatedlyhasfoundthatsocialnetworksandsocialactivityhaveaprotectiveeffect 译文 Digging 10Socialisolationdamagesecologicalhealthaswell Therisingtideofsingle personhouseholdsstrainstheearth sresources Additionally inourconsumer orientedculture acommonsolutiontonothavingenoughpeopleinone slifeistoturntothings objectsthatwilldefineone sidentitythroughpossessionsratherthanthroughone splaceinasocialworld WeoncepassedanelegantstoreinNewYorkCitywhosenamesummeduptheproblem MoreandMore Wewatchedtheshopfromacrossthestreet keepingasafedistance 译文 Digging 11Thetruthisthatifonecanbringoneselftoacknowledgeloneliness halfthebattleiswon Itisnotaneasyhalfofabattle however Whenwebegantotalkabouttheseideaswithfriends theirfirstresponsewastopassionatelydefendtheirstylesofstayingdisconnected Havingchosen likesomanyAmericans tostepback theyexplainedhowrightthechoicehasbeenforthem 译文 Digging 12Smalldailychoices whethertogotoalocalstoreororderofftheInternet whethertopickuparingingtelephoneorletitgotovoicemail whethertogettogetherwithafriendorpopinaDVD endupdefiningone ssocialworld Theselittledecisionsarecumulative Youstepbackalittlefromothers Theystepbackalittlefromyou Youfeelalittleleftout Feelingleftout unexamined leadsyoutostepbackfurther Butfeelingleftout whenit sexamined canleadpeopletoworkalittlehardertoreconnect 译文 Digging 13Lonelinesswasneverthegoal It sjustthespotwheretoomanypeoplewindup Wegetstuckbecausetheworldwehavewanderedawayfromissofranticanddemanding Wegetstuckbecausewehavedreamedaboutlonesomeheroeswhostanddefiantlyapart Wegetstuckbecausewefeelleftoutandstoplookingforwaysbackin Weshouldrememberthattheoutsidewasnotmeanttobeourfinaldestination Mainideaofthetext 1 Americansinthe21stcenturydevotemoretechnologytostayingconnectedthananysocietyinhistory yetsomehowthedevicesfailus Studiesshowthatwefeelincreasinglyalone Line1 Para1 WiththeirloveofallthemoderncommunicationsdevicesAmericansshouldfeelinclosecontactwithoneanother butactuallytheyfeelalone Difficultsentences Difficultsentences 2 Welurchbackandforth Howdoweknowwhenwe vegotitright Line9 Para1 Thephrase backandforth heremeansfrombeingsociabletobeingindividualistic To getitright meanstofindthecorrectbalance Thesentencesmeanweswingfromoneextremetoanothertryingtobeconnectedandatthesametimeindependent Eachgoalharmstheother Wherecanwefindthecorrectmiddleposition Difficultsentences 3 First let slookatthefreneticbusynessofourlives Line1 Para3 busyness beingbusy usedasthenounbusinesshastakenonothermeanings Difficultsentences 4 fitwhateverheorshewantsintoonesmalllife Line5 Para3 Itmeanstoachievealltheirgoalsordreamsinoneshortlifetime Difficultsentences 5 Americaistheoriginal Youcanbeanythingyouwantifyoureallytry andit snevertoolatetostarttrying country Line6 Para3 Americaistheplacewheretheideathatanyoneregardlessofbirth educationetccanachievewhatevertheywantstarted Difficultsentences 6 Livesalsoareshapedbytherespectanddeferencethatisgiventobusyness especiallywhenitisvaluedaboveconnectionandcommunity Line6 Para4 Livesarecontrolledbytheattitudepeoplehavetowardsbeingbusyasitisregardedasmoreimportantthansocialrelationships Achievingthingsisvaluedmorehighlythanordinaryhumanrelations Difficultsentences Weregardbeingfriendlytoothersasanunimportantamusementtakingusawayfromimportantthings Weshouldregarditasaveryimportantpartofbeingahealthyandhappyperson 7 Wetreatsocializingasifit safrivolousdiversionfromthetasksathandratherthananactivitythatisessentialtoourwell beingasindividualsandasacommunity Line1 Para5 Difficultsentences 8 Ourrelativesmaybeindignant buteventheyknowhowharditis Anunspokenunderstandingdevelops Line9 Para5 Whenweneglectourfriendsitdoesnotreallysurprisethemastheyunderstandwearebusyandacceptthatasagoodexcuse Familyarelesshappywiththesituation butdostillunderstand Difficultsentences 9 Thepaceofeverydaylifemaypushustowardisolation butthereisapull aswell averyseductivepictureofstandingapartasavictory notaretreat Line1 Para6 Wearenotonlypushedtowardsleadinganunsociablelifebyourbusyness butarealsodrawntowardsit attractedtoitbytheideaofbeinglikeacowboy aloneagainstnature Beinganindependentlonerissomethingverypositive avictory notaloss retreat Difficultsentences 10 alongseriesofAmericaniconshaveidealizedtheconceptofself reliance Line7 Para6 Respectedwritersandthinkershavemadedependingononeselfandnotonothersanimportantculturalvaluethatpeopleshouldaimfor Difficultsentences 11 Andwhenwedofindourselvesisolated go it aloneentrepreneurs Line1 Para7 Whenwedofindourselvesisolatedandapartfromourgroup wearecomfortedbecausewefeelapartofalargergroup alltheAmericanloners alongtraditionofpeoplewhotrustedthemselvesandachievedgreatthingsontheirown Difficultsentences 11 Andwhenwedofindourselvesisolated go it aloneentrepreneurs Line1 Para7 standingtall feelingproudandindependentlonesomecowboys afamiliarfigureinWesternfilms theheroridingoffaloneintotheemptycountryside notneedinganyone shelp Theword lonesome isusedmorefrequentlyinAmericanEnglish BritishEnglishprefers lonely Theactualphrase lonesomecowboy becamepopularafteritwasthetitleofanElvisPresleyhitsong Difficultsentences 12 Thatpsychologicalmagicbecomesthespoonfulofsugarthatmakespainfulexperiencesoffindingourselvesleftouteasiertoswallow Line6 Para7 Thewriterissayingthatfindingyourselftobealoneorlonelyisnotpleasant butAmericanswillbearwithitbecausethebadtasteofitispartlytakenawaybythethoughtthatstandingonone sownisadmirableandsomethingtobeproudof Thefeelingandsenseofbeingatrueself independentAmerican psychologicalmagic sweetenstheexperienceofisolation thespoonfulofsugar Achildmaybegivenaspoonfulofsugartotakeawaythebadtasteofmedicine Difficultsentences 13 Wemayhaveisolatedourselveswithoutentirelymeaningto butwealsohaveendedupinaplacethatlooksalotlikewherewealwaysknewthatweweresupposedtostand Line9 Para7 Wemaynothaveplannedit butitdoesnotshockusasitisasituationthatseemsculturallyright Difficultsentences 14 Itisalsothelastplaceonearththatapersonwouldwanttobe Para8 Itisaterriblesituation Americanculturemakesitfeelrighttobeveryindependentandself reliant peopleareevenproudofit butthewriterthinksitisverybad peopleshouldbepartofteamsandcommunities Difficultsentences 15 Additionally inourconsumer orientedculture acommonsolutiontonothavingenoughpeopleinone slifeistoturntothings objectsthatwilldefineone sidentitythroughpossessionsratherthanthroughone splaceinasocialworld Line3 Para10 Socialisolationisnotonlybadpsychologically butalsoenvironmentally MoreandmorepeopleintheUSlivealone Thisusesupresources Peoplewhoareontheirownalsotendtobuymoreastheycreatetheirsenseofidentitythroughtheirpossessionsratherthantheirfriendsandfamily Difficultsentences 16 Weoncepassedanelegantstore Wewatchedtheshopfromacrossthestreet keepingasafedistance Line8 Para10 Wedislikedthematerialisticnamesomuchthatwefeltnervouspassingitandkeptaneyeonitasonemightwatchadangerousdogontheothersideoftheroadasonegoesby Difficultsentences 17 Theselittledecisionsarecumulative Line5 Para12 Smallthingsintheendleadtobigresults Difficultsentences 14 Feelingleftout unexamined leadsyoutostepbackfurther Butfeelingleftout whenit sexamined canleadpeopletoworkalittlehardertoreconnect Line8 Para12 Whenyoufeelyouarenotclosetopeople instinctivelyyouwillmoveevenfurtherawayfromthem Butifyouthinkaboutit itshouldleadyoutomaketheefforttoremovethebarriersandgetcloser lurch 释义 vi tomovesuddenlyinawaythatisnotsmoothorcontrolled蹒跚而行 颠簸着行进 例句 Thetrainsuddenlylurchedforward 火车突然向前一冲 翻译 Words 例句 Theplanelurchedinthemostterrifyingmanner 飞机颠簸得吓人 翻译 释义1 vi tomovesomewhereslowlyasthoughyoudonotknowwhereyouaregoing随意走动 游荡 Words 例句 Thepartyhostdriftsamongtheguestsandexchangesafewlinesofgreetingswiththem 派对的主人在人群中随意走动 和客人们打招呼 翻译 drift 释义2 vi tobepushedalongveryslowlybythemovementofairorwater漂流 飘 Words 例句 Theclimbingballoondriftedsilentlyoverthecountryside 不断上升的气球静静地飘过乡间 翻译 例句 Sometimesseveralclustersofwhitecloudsdriftacrossthebluesky 蔚蓝色的天空中 时而飘过几朵白云 翻译 drift 短语 Clicktolearndriftapart 释义 a doneveryfastandwithalotofenergy oftenbysomeonewhoisinahurry忙乱的 狂热的 非常激动的 Words frenetic 例句 We reafraidthatwewon tadapttothefreneticpaceoflifeinthecity 我们害怕不能适应这座城市超快的生活节奏 翻译 例句 Thisfreneticactivityisthesignofaworriedman 这种狂热的行为是一个人极度焦虑的表现 翻译 释义1 n C U todosth theabilitytodosomething能力 例句 Therightpersonforthejobmustshowacapacitytoworkindependently 适合担任这项工作的人必须表现出独立工作的能力 翻译 Words 例句 翻译 Herpoorhealthlimitsherearningcapacity 身体不好限制了她的谋生能力 capacity 真题 Housewiveswhodonotgoouttoworkfeeltheyarenotworkingtotheirfullcapacity Jun 1997 CET 4 VocabularyandStructure 释义2 vt C U theamountofsomethingthatcanbeputinacontainerorthenumberofpeoplethataplacehasroomfor容量 容积 容纳力 例子 翻译 Words 例句 Thecar sfold downrearseatincreasesthetrunkcapacity 翻译 该汽车的可折叠后座加大了行李箱的空间 Thetheaterhadaseatingcapacityof1 400people 该剧院可容纳1400人 capacity 释义 n U behaviourthatshowsyourespectsomeoneandarewillingtoaccepttheiropinionsordecisions敬重 尊从 恭敬 例句 Visitingofficialsweretreatedwithgreatdeference 来访的官员得到了充分的尊重 翻译 Words 例句 Theoldsenseofdeferenceandrestraintinroyalreportinghasvanished 在对皇室进行的新闻报道中 那种由来已久的尊重和收敛意识已经消失了 翻译 deference 释义 n C oftenpl with to between arelationshipbetweenpeopleorgroups 人们 群体之间的 关系 联系 例句 Chinaistryingtostrengthenitstradeconnections 中国正在努力加强其贸易关系 翻译 Words 例句 Prisonersareencouragedtomaintainfamilyconnections 鼓励囚犯与家人保持联系 翻译 connection 真题 Tohelpkidsbuildstrongerconnectionswithothers youcanpulltheplugonTVsandcomputers Theywillhavemoretimeforface to facerelationships Dec 2003 CET 4 ReadingComprehension 释义 a thinkingaboutthefeelingsandneedsofotherpeople关切的 体贴的 体谅的 例句 Itwasveryconsiderateofyoutoletusknowyouweregoingtobelate 提前让我们知道你会迟到 真是考虑周到 翻译 Words 例句 Aconsideratepersonoughttohavemoreconsiderationforothers 翻译 一个考虑周全的人应该多为别人考虑 considerate 真题 It sveryconsiderateofyounottotalkaloudwhilethebabyisasleep Dec 2003 CET 4 Vocabulary 释义 vi into on upon tobecomeinvolvedinasituationinawaythatisnotwelcometootherpeople forexamplebygettinginvolvedintheirprivatelives干涉 打搅 侵扰 例句 Employersshouldnothavetherighttointrudeonemployeespersonalsituations 雇主不应该有干涉雇员私事的权力 翻译 Words 例句 Thepresshasbeenblamedforintrudingintopeople spersonallivesinanunacceptableway 新闻媒体以令人难以容忍的方式侵扰人们的私生活 因而受到指责 翻译 intrude 释义1 a lackinganyrealpurposeorimportance无聊的 琐屑的 例句 翻译 Words Worktimeistoovaluabletowasteonfrivolousgames 工作时间太宝贵了 不能浪费在无聊的游戏上 例句 翻译 Oneoftherulesforbeingrichistoavoidfrivoloustemptations 变为富有的第一个规则是避免无重要意义的诱惑 frivolous 释义2 a behavinginasillywayinsituationswhereyoushouldbebehavinginaseriousorsensibleway轻佻的 轻浮的 例句 翻译 Words 例句 翻译 Hewasafooltochuckhimselfawayonsuchafrivolousperson 把精力浪费在这样一个轻浮的人身上 他真是个傻瓜 Shejustdecidedthatshewasabittoofrivoloustobeadoctor 她认定自己有点儿太轻率 不适合当医生 frivolous 释义 a notexpressedinwords usuallybecauseotherpeoplealreadyunderstand未表达出来的 例句 翻译 Words Hisfacewasexpressionless butAlexfelttheunspokencriticism 他面无表情 但亚历克斯能感觉到他未明言的批评之意 例句 翻译 Mostdesignerssharetheunspokenbeliefthatfashionisavalidformofvisualart 绝大多数设计师都默认这样一种观点 即时装是视觉艺术的一种有效形式 unspoken 释义 a attractiveandlikelytopersuadeyoutodosomethingthatmaybeharmfulorwrong有吸引力的 有诱惑力的 例句 翻译 Words L A isadangerousyetseductivecity 洛杉矶是一个危险而又富有诱惑力的城市 例句 翻译 Thisofferofahighsalaryandafreehouseisveryseductive buttheworkitselfisveryboring 这种高薪加免费住房的条件十分诱人 但工作本身非常无聊 seductive 释义1 n C apeacefulandprivateplacewhereyoucangoinordertorest退隐处 静居处 休养处 例句 翻译 Words Hespentyesterdayhiddenawayinhiscountryretreat 他昨天躲在了他乡下的静养地 例句 翻译 AheavyfoghadsuddenlyenvelopedthePresidentialretreat 大雾突然笼罩了总统的休养地 retreat 释义2 n C U anattempttoavoidadangerous unpleasant orembarrassingsituation especiallybymovingawayfromit撤退 退却 例句 翻译 Words 当记者们大声提问时 官员们赶紧溜之大吉 Officialsbeatahastyretreatasreportersshoutedquestions 例句 翻译 Hemadeahastyretreatassoonashesawme 他一看见我就赶紧跑掉了 retreat 释义 例句 翻译 Words 戴维年幼时就学会了自立自强 Davidlearnedtobeself reliantatayoungage Beingself reliantdoesnotnecessarilymeanthatyouneveraskforhelpinyourlife 例句 翻译 独立并不一定意味着你在生活中从来不寻求别人的帮助 a abletodothingsforyourselfandnotdependonotherpeople自力更生的 依靠自己的 自立的 self reliant diverse 释义 a verydifferentfromeachother不同的 Words 例句 翻译 纽约是世界上文化最多样化的城市之一 NewYorkisoneofthemostculturallydiversecitiesintheworld IneverrealizedthatthelandscapeinAfricaissodiverse 例句 翻译 我从未意识到非洲的景观如此多样化 真题 instudyingthediversewisdomofothers welearnhowtothink Jan 2003 CET 4 ReadingComprehension 释义1 a safefromadisease becauseyoucannotbeinfectedbyit免疫的 有免疫力的 Becausetransplantsweakentheimmunesystem theycannotbeperformedonsickpatients 由于移植会使免疫系统变弱 因此不能对病人实施此手术 Phrases 例句 翻译 Thisbloodtestwillshowwhetherornotyou reimmunetothedisease 这个化验会显示你是否对这种疾病具有免疫力 例句 翻译 immune 释义2 例句 翻译 足球不可能不受到经济衰退的影响 Phrases Footballisnotimmunetoeconomicrecession 例句 翻译 他对所有的劝说都无动于衷 Hewasimmunetoallpersuasion immune 释义 n C sing of thenumberofcasesofanillnessoramedicalconditioninaparticularplace group orsituation发病