现在完成时 doc..doc

1、 现在完成时与一般过去时的区别一般过去时所表示的一个或一段过去时间，是可以具体确定的，与其他时间没有牵连。它所表示的事情纯属过去，与现在情况没有联系。注意： 一般过去式可以跟一段时间连用。一般过去式+for+一段时间，表示陈述过去事实，如he smoked for ten years,表示他过去吸了十年烟，言下之意是说现在肯定不吸了现在完成时表示的事情发生在不能具体指出的现在以前的过去某个或某段时间。它所表示的事情与现在情况有关系，是过去事情在现在产生的结果或对现在的影响。He has smoked for ten years,，首先我们得明白现在完成时的定义，表示1，过去事情对现在造成的影响或,2，过去事情一直持续到现在针对上面的例句，如果在文章中是he has smoked for ten years,so he has pharyngitis(咽喉炎)就是第一种情况，说明吸烟十年对现在造成的影响是的了咽喉炎。而如果无上下文，那多半是第二种情况，就是说他从过去一直吸烟到现在，时间加起来有十年了体会对比：He wrote many plays when he was at college.He has written many plays.I saw Hero last year.I have seen Hero before.1. -Im sorry, but I dont quite follow you. Did you say you wanted to return on September 20? -Sorry, I myself clear. We want to return on October 20. （2010北京高考）A. hadnt made B. wouldnt make C. dont make D. havent made2. When shall we restart the business? Not until we _ our plan.（2010四川高考） A. will finish B. are finishing C. are to finish D. have finished3. Up to now, the program _thousands of children who would otherwise have died. （2010山东卷） A. would save B. saves C. had saved D. has saved4. For many years, people _ electric ears. However, making them has been more difficult than predicted. （2010浙江卷）A. had dreamed of B. have dreamed of C. dreamed of D. dream of5. When you are home ,give a call to let me know you _safely.（2010全国高考I）A. are arriving B. have arrived C. had arrived D. will arrive 6. Youve failed to do what you _ to and Im afraid the teacher will blame you. （2010四川） A. will expect B. will be expected C. expected D. were expected 7. Excuse me. I_ I was blocking your way. (2010全国高考II)A. didnt realize B. dont realize C. havent realized D. wasnt realizing8. The book has been translated into thirty languages since it_on the market in 1973.(2010重庆高考)A. had come B. has come C. came D. comes9. Scientists have many theories about how the universe _ into being . (2009北京高考) A. came B. was coming C. had come D. would come 10. Have you read book called Waiting for Anya? Who _ it? （2008北京卷） A. writes B. has written C. wrote D. had written过去完成时1、 表示在过去某一个时刻或动作之前已经完成了的动作，即“过去的过去”将来现在过去 过去完成 这个过去的时刻可以用by, before 等介词短语或一个时间状语从句来表示，也可以用一个过去的动作来表示。 Eg. She had learned 2,000 English words by the end of last month. He had already had his breakfast before seven oclock this morning. 2、 表示未曾实现的希望、打算、意图、诺言等。常用 had hoped/planned/meant/intended/ thought/wanted/expectedEg. I had meant to come, but it rained. 固定句型中：hardly when(刚一就)，no sooner than（刚一就）等。Eg. He had hardly arrived when it began to snow. No sooner had he gone to sleep than the telephone rang once more.2、 That/It was the first/second time + that 从句，从句要用过去完成时。Eg. It was the first time that I had passed the exam. It was the third time that he had made the same mistake.3、 It was/had been + 一段时间+since从句。since 从句中谓语动词用过去完成时。Eg. It was ten years since we had had such a wonderful time.1. It took me a long time before I was able to fully appreciate what they _ for me. （2010北京高考） A. had done B. did C. would do D. were doing2 Were you surprised by the ending of the film? NO, I_the book, so I already knew the story. (2010安徽高考)A. was reading B. had read C. am reading D. have read 3. I was just going to cut my rose bushes but someone it. Was it you? （2010湖南高考） A. has done B. had done C. would do D. will do4. John was given the same suitcase his father and grandfather _ with them to school. （2009北京高考）A. took B. had taken C. were taking D. would take Ks5u现在完成进行时1、 表示从过去某时开始一直延续到现在的动作，可能刚刚停止，也可能还在继续进行。Eg. We have been looking for you for an hour.（动作刚刚停止） She has been teaching English since she graduated.（动作还在继续进行）2、 重复的动作表示感情色彩。有时候，现在完成进行时不是指某动作一直在不停的进行，而是表示一直到说话时为止的一段时间内一再重复的动作，常带有感情色彩。Eg. Shes been saying that twenty times. 这话她已经说了20遍了。 He has been calling on her several times this week.3、 现在完成时与现在完成进行时的区别：两者均可表示“从过去开始一直持续到现在”的动作，有时两者可换用。主要差别有两个：（1） 现在完成时表示动作已经完成，着重结果；现在完成进行时表示动作的进行，强调动作的持续性。Eg.I have watered the flowers.(已完成，你不必浇了)I have been watering the flowers.（未完成，一直再浇）（2） 状态动词、直觉动词或情感动词，如：see, feel, know, love 等，不可用于现在完成进行时，但可用于现在完成时。Eg.I have known her for a long time.（T）I have been knowing her for a long time.（F） 练习：1. Why, Jack, you look so tired! Well, I _ the house and I must finish the work tomorrow.(2010江苏高考)A. was painting B. will be painting C. have painted D. have been painting2.Why do you want to work for o