译林牛津版模块2 Unit1 语法：现在完成时用法讲义(学生版,教师版) - 副本.doc

Module2 Unit1 Grammar and usage（学生版）江苏省外国语学校-徐超，陆慧一、 现在完成时1. 现在完成时的构成：主动形式_被动形式_2. 现在完成时的用法：用法（一）1) Justin has disappeared, so Kelly is very sad.2) His parents look sad. Maybe they have known what has happened to him.总结：_【Practice】 The boys are tired. They _ (just play) a ball game.分析：过去的动作 : _对现在的影响: _用法（二）1) I have not seen Justin since last Friday night.2) I have studied in this school for half a year.总结: _【Practice】Daniel _ (live) in Beijing since he came to China and he is used to the Chinese way of life now.分析：来到中国的时间：_现在的状态：_用法（三）曾经读过这本书_从未。_最近。_刚刚。_已经。_还没。_总结 (1)：_补充： We havent seen him for two days.We havent seen him since last Monday.总结 (2)：_【Practice】火车到现在还没到。_We have studied English for_. (我们英语已经学了大约4年了)We have studied English since_. 【补充】 1. Justin went missing three years ago. We _(not hear) from him ever since.2.I _(not see）Mary so far.3.I (hear) nothing from him up to now.4.He (not talk) with me in/over the past few days. 【思考一】Mr. Smith works with an auto company, but he _(work) for this industrial exhibition, since he is on leave.总结_【思考二】 It is three years since I worked here. （翻译）_ 总结_ _ _【思考三】Right or Wrong?( ) 1. He has come here. ( ) 2. He has come here for 3 days. ( ) 3. He hasnt come here for 3 days. ( ) 4. He has stayed here for 3 days. ( ) 5. He has been away for 3 days. 总结_ _ _用法（四）1） The police have just finished searching the area.2） He has just been to Qomolangma Base Camp.总结：_【Practice】 Billy: _ the sports meeting might be put off.Paul: Yes , it all depends on the weather.A. Ive been told B. Ive toldC. Im told D. I told分析： 谈话中Billy知不知道这件事？何时得知？_用法（五）1） Some villagers say that they have seen UFOs many times.2） How many times have you been to Egypt?总结(1)：_【Practice】This is the first time that I _ (see) pandas.It is the very time that we _ (do) our homework.分析：前句中用了_表示_后句中用了_表示_总结(2)：_涉及以上结构的句型有 :1)This (That/It) is the first (second) time + that sb. have/has done sth.2)This (That/It) is the best/ finest /most interesting + that sb. have/has done sth.用法（六）1）I shall post the letter as soon as I have finished it.2）If you have done the experiment, you will realize the theory.总结：_【Practice】1. Dont get off the bus until it _. (stop)2. - When shall we restart our business? - Not until we _ our plan. A. will finishB. are finishingC. are to finishD. have finished3. It is reported that China will not buy the Euro debt until some thorough research _. A. will be doneB. had been doneC. will have been doneD. has been done二、 现在完成进行时：1. 现在完成进行时的构成：_2. 现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别：区别（一）：1） Li Jia has read a book about Stonehenge. (She finished reading the book.)2） Li Jia has been reading a book abut Stonehenge. (She is still reading the book.)总结：_【Practice】I _(write) a letter for half an hour, and I havent finished it yet.区别（二）：1) How many times have you swum in the lake?2) How long have you been swimming in the lake?总结：_【Practice】 1. The students _(prepare) for the New Years concert since last month. They _(invite) their parents to come and watch. 2. I _(wait) for an hour but he still _(not turn up). 3. I _(tell) Lucy to be careful with her handwriting all the time, but she hasnt polished it at all. 4. - Anna, you look so tired and wet all over. - You know, all morning I _ properties to my new office on the third floor. A. are movingB. had movedC. have movedD. have been moving三、 一般过去时1. 一般过去时的基本用法：1) Mary wrote a letter to her friend two days ago.2) A thief broke into his house and stole his treasure last night.3) He lived in Beijing in 1975.总结：_He lived in Beijing for five years.总结：_【Practice】1.I_ in London for many years, but Ive never regretted my final decision to move back to China. A. lived B was living C. have lived D. had lived2.- Havent seen you for ages. Where have you been?- I went to Tibet and _ (stay) there teaching English as a volunteer for three years.2. 一般过去时与现在完成时的区别：【比较】 Justin disappeared last Friday night.Justin has disappeared, so Kelly is very sad. I have seen the film. I saw the film last week.总结：_【Practice】A: 火车已经开走了. _ B: 什么时候开走的? _ A: 半个小时之前开走的. _A: 这本书我已经买了两年了. _ B: 你在哪儿买的? _ A: 在我老家买的. _A: 你看过这部电影吗? _ B: 看过. _A: 什么时候看的. _ B: 上周星期天看的. _【巩固提升】1. Im sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final. I think so. He _ for it for months. (2008江苏)A. is preparing B. was preparingC. had been preparing D. has been preparing2. By the time he realizes he _ into a trap, itll be too late for him to do anything about it. (2008山东) A. walks B. walked C. has walked D. had walked3. So far this year we _ a fall in house prices by between 5 and 10 percent. (2008福建) A. saw B. see C. had seen D. have seen4. Cathy is taking notes of the grammatical rules in class at Sunshine School, where she_ English for a year. (2007湖南) A. studies B. studied C. is studying D. has been studying5. Danny _ hard for long to realize his dream and now he is popular. (2007福建) A. works B. is working C. has worked D. had worked6. I have got a headache. No wonder. You_ in front of that computer too long. (2007江西) A. work B. are working C. have been working D. worked7. Now that she is out of job, Lucy _ going back to school，but she hasnt decided yet.(北京)A. had considered B. has been considering C. consideredD. is going to consider8. Hi, Tracy，you look pale. I am tired. I _ the living room all day.A. painted B. had painted C. have been painting D. have painted9. It is the most instructive lecture that I _ since I came to this school. A. attendedB. had attendedC. am attendingD. have attended10.- Have you been to the United States? - Yes, only once. I _ there only for seven days.A. have stayedB. was stayingC. stayedD. had stayedModule2 Unit1 Grammar and usage（教师版）一、 现在完成时3. 现在完成时的构成：主动形式_have/has done_被动形式_have/has been done_4. 现在完成时的用法：用法（一）1) Justin has disappeared, so Kelly is very sad.2) His parents look sad. Maybe they have known what has happened to him.总结：_表示过去的动作对现在的影响_【Practice】 The boys are tired. They _have just played_ (just play) a ball game.分析：过去的动作 : _played a ball game_对现在的影响: _they are tired_用法（二）1) I have not seen Justin since last Friday night.2) I have studied in this school for half a year.总结: _过去的动作现在仍然发生_【Practice】Daniel _have lived_ (live) in Beijing since he came to China and he is used to the Chinese way of life now.分析：来到中国的时间：_came表过去_现在的状态：_is used to 表现在_用法（三）曾经读过这本书_have ever read the book_从未。_have never read the book_最近。_have recently/lately read the book刚刚。_have just read the book_已经。_have already read the book_还没。_havent read the book yet_总结 (1)：_常和一些表示不明确时间的副词连用_补充： We havent seen him for two days.We havent seen him since last Monday.总结 (2)：_for+时间段； since+过去时间点_【Practice】火车到现在还没到。_The train hasnt arrived yet._We have studied English for_about 4 years._. (我们英语已经学了大约4年了)We have studied English since_4 years ago._. 【补充】 1. Justin went missing three years ago. We _havent heard_(not hear) from him ever since.2.I _havent seen_(not see）Mary so far.3.I have heard (hear) nothing from him up to now.4.He hasnt talked (not talk) with me in/over the past few days. 【思考一】Mr. Smith works with an auto company, but he _is working_(work) for this industrial exhibition, since he is on leave.总结_since此处表示原因。since只有表示自从。以来时，主句才会用现在完成时_【思考二】 It is three years since I worked here. （翻译）_我不在这儿工作已经有三年了_ 总结_since表“自从”的从句中，如果谓语动词是延续性动词，翻译的时候要反译，也就是加个“不”进去。 _而如果是瞬间性动词，则直译。如：It is 3 years since I give up smoking. = It is 3 years since I smoked. 【思考三】True or False( T ) 1. He has come here. ( F ) 2. He has come here for 3 days. ( T ) 3. He hasnt come here for 3 days. ( T ) 4. He has stayed here for 3 days. ( T ) 5. He has been away for 3 days. 总结_在现在完成时的肯定句中，瞬间性动词不能和for+一段时间连用；而否定形式则可。_ 用法（四）3） The police have just finished searching the area.4） He has just been to Qomolangma Base Camp.总结：_表示刚结束的动作_【Practice】 Billy: _ the sports meeting might be put off. -APaul: Yes , it all depends on the weather.A. Ive been told B. Ive toldC. Im told D. I told分析： 谈话中Billy知不知道这件事？何时得知？_用法（五）3） Some villagers say that they have seen UFOs many times.4） How many times have you been to Egypt?总结(1)：_表反复的动作，俗称“第几次，共几次”_【Practice】This is the first time that I _have seen_ (see) pandas.It is the very time that we _(should) do/did_ (do) our homework.分析：前句中用了_the first time_表示_第一次_后句中用了_the very time_表示_正式一个什么样的时间_总结(2)：_要注意time在特殊结中的特定含义_涉及以上结构的句型有 :1)This (That/It) is the first (second) time + that sb. have/has done sth.2)This (That/It) is the best/ finest /most interesting + that sb. have/has done sth.用法（六）1）I shall post the letter as soon as I have finished it.2）If you have done the experiment, you will realize the theory.总结：_在时间，条件状语从句中，可以用现在成时来取代将来完成时。_【Practice】1. Dont get off the bus until it _has stopped_. (stop)2. - When shall we restart our business? - Not until we _ our plan. A. will finishB. are finishingC. are to finishD. have finished3. It is reported that China will not buy the Euro debt until some thorough research _. A. will be doneB. had been doneC. will have been doneD. has been done二、 现在完成进行时：3. 现在完成进行时的构成：_have/has been doing_4. 现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别：区别（一）：1） Li Jia has read a book about Stonehenge. (She finished reading the book.)2） Li Jia has been reading a book abut Stonehenge. (She is still reading the book.)总结：_明确表示过去开始的动作一直延续到现在，并仍在继续中_【Practice】I _have been writing_(write) a letter for half an hour, and I havent finished it yet.区别（二）：1) How many times have you swum in the lake?2) How long have you been swimming in the lake?总结：_现在完成时可以表示反复的动作，可以用how many times；而现在完成进行时要表示持续不间断的动作，一般用how long来提问_【Practice】 1. The students _have been preparing_(prepare) for the New Years concert since last month. They _have invited_(invite) their parents to come and watch. 2. I _have been waiting_(wait) for an hour but he still _hasnt turned up (yet)_(not turn up). 3. I _have been telling_(tell) Lucy to be careful with her handwriting all the time, but she hasnt polished it at all. 4. - Anna, you look so tired and wet all over. - You know, all morning I _ properties to my new office on the third floor. A. are movingB. had movedC. have movedD. have been moving三、 一般过去时2. 一般过去时的基本用法：1) Mary wrote a letter to her friend two days ago.2) A thief broke into his house and stole his treasure last night.3) He lived in Beijing in 1975.总结：_表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表过去的时间状语连用，如：yesterday, two days ago, last year, the other day, once upon a time, in 1975_He lived in Beijing for five years.总结：_延续性动词的一般过去时也可以和for+一段时间连用_【Practice】1.I_ in London for many years, but Ive never regretted my final decision to move back to China. A. lived B was living C. have lived D. had lived2.- Havent seen you for ages. Where have you been?- I went to Tibet and _stayed_ (stay) there teaching English as a volunteer for three years.2. 一般过去时与现在完成时的区别：【比较】 Justin disappeared last Friday night.Justin has disappeared, so Kelly is very sad. I have seen the film. I saw the film last week.总结：_一般过去时只交代过去发生的动作，与现在无关；而现在完成时则强调过去动作对现在的影响_【Practice】A: 火车已经开走了. _The train has already left._ B: 什么时候开走的? _When did it leave?_ A: 半个小时之前开走的. _ It left half an hour ago._A: 这本书我已经买了两年了. _I have had this book for two years._ B: 你在哪儿买的? _Where did you buy it?_ A: 在我老家买的. _I bought it in my hometown._A: 你看过这部电影吗? _Have you ever seen the film?_ B: 看过. _Yes, I have._A: 什么时候看的. _When did you see it?_ B: 上周星期天看的. _I saw it last Sunday._【巩固提升】1. Im sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final. I think so. He _ for it for months. (2008江苏)A. is preparing B. was preparingC. had been preparing D. has been preparing2. By the time he _