专四级真题常考语法总结.doc

一、谓语动词时态 63. In his plays Shakespeare _ his characters live through their language. A. would make B. had made C. made D. makesA. is to be kept B. has been kept C. should have been kept D. be kept 58. The committee has anticipated the problems that _in the road construction project. A. arise B. ill arise C. arose D. have arisen 59. The student said there were a few points in the essay he _impossible to comprehend. A had found B. finds C. has found D. would find 60. He would have finished his college education, but he _to quit and find a job to support his family. A. had had B. has C. had D. would have 55. The student said there were a few points in the essay he _ impossible to comprehend. A. has found B. was finding C. had found D. would find 54. James has just arrived, but I didnt know he _ until yesterday. A. will come B. was coming C. had been coming D. came 55. _ conscious of my moral obligations as a citizen. A. I was and always will be B. I have to be and always will be C. I had been and always will be D. I have been and always will be 56. Jack _ from home for two days now, and I am beginning to worry about his safety. A. has been missing B. has been missed C. had been missing D. was missed 43For some time now, world leaders _ out the necessity for agreement on arms reduction. A. had been pointing B. have been pointing C. were pointing D. pointed 52. Much as _, I couldnt lend him the money because I simply didnt have that much spare cash. A. I would have liked to C. I should have to like B. I would like to have D.I should have liked to 二、非谓语动词 分词 逻辑主语与从句中动词的主动与被动的关系。 逻辑主语与从句中动词的主动与被动的关系。 64. _ at in his way, the situation doesnt seem so desperate. A. Looking B. Looked C. Being looked D. To look 55. If not _ with the respect he feels due to him, Jack gets very ill-tempered and grumbles all the time. A. being treated B. treated C. be treated D. having been treated45. _, he can now only watch it on TV at home. A. Obtaining not a ticket for the match B. Not obtaining a ticket for the match C. Not having obtained a ticket for the match D. Not obtained a ticket for the match51. _ enough time and money, the researcher would have been able to discover more in this field.A Giving B To give C Given D Being given not counting 63. There are only ten apples left in the baskets, _ the spoilt ones. A. not counting B. not to count C. dont count D. having not counted 65. The man preparing the documents is the firms lawyer has all the following possible meanings EXCEPT A. the man who has prepared the documents. B. the man who has been preparing the documents.C. the man who is preparing the documents. D. the man who will prepare the documents. 非谓语动词 动名词 62. The meeting was put off because we _ a meeting without John. A. objected having B. were objected to having C. objected to have D. objected to having object to 61. Whats the chance of _ a general election this year? A. there being B. there to be C. there be D there going to be 51. _ is not a serious disadvantage in life.A. To be not tall B. Not to be tall C. Being not tall D. Not being tall 51. What a nice day! How about the three of us _ a walk in the park nearby? A. to take B. take C. taking D. to be taking 65. _ should not become a serious disadvantage in life and work. A. To be not tall B. Not being tall C. Being not tall D. Not to be tall 非谓语动词 不定式 63. It is not uncommon for there _ problems of communication between the old and the young. A. being B. would be C. be D. to be essential 58. The Minister of Finance is believed _ of imposing new taxes to raise extraA. that he is thinking B. to be thinking C. that he is to think D. to think 46. AIDS is said _ the number-one killer of both men and women over the past few years in that region. A. being B. to be C. to have been D. having been to have been 43. Professor Johnson is said _some significant advance in his research in the past year. A. having made B. making C. to have made D.to make42. The three men tried many times to sneak across the border into the neighboring country, _ by the police each time.A. had been captured B. being always captured C. only to be captured D. unfortunately captured 55. Linda was _ the experiment a month ago, but she changed her mind at the last minute. A. to start B. to have started C. to be starting D. to have been starting to be to do = to be going to was to do something 过去的计划,计划了， to be to have done 计划了，未做 was to have done 计划了，未做 62. It seems that she was there at the conference. The sentence means that A. she seems to be there at the conference. B. she seemed to be there at the conference. C. she seems to have been there at the conference. D. she seemed to being there at the conference. 三、独立主格 没有助动词 从句与主句中的主语不一致。从句与主句中的主语不一致 主语 + doing / done, （没有助动词） 从句与主句中的主语不一致。独立主格一般在日常生活语言中不使用。现在分词、过去分词； 名词(代词) + 现在分词、过去分词； 51. Agriculture is the countrys chief source of wealth, wheat _ by far the biggest cereal crop. A. is B. been C. be D. being 58. Time _, the celebration will be held as scheduled. A. permit B. permitting C. permitted D. permits 45. There_ nothing more for discussion, the meeting came to an end half an hour earlier.A. to be B. to have been C. being D. be 四、虚拟语气 非真实条件句 主句2. If there were no subjunctive mood, English _ much easier to learn. A. could have been B. would be C. will be D. would have been 52. Had Judy been more careful on the math exam, she _ much better results now.A. would be getting B. could have got C. must get D. would get 54. _ if I had arrived yesterday without letting you know beforehand? A. Would you be surprised B. Were you surprised C. Had you been surprised D. Would you have been surprised 51. If you explained the situation to your solicitor, he _ able to advise you much better than I can. A. would be B. will have been C. was D. were 63. _ you _ further problems with your printer, contact your dealer for advice. A. If, had B. Have, had C. Should, have D. In case, had 49. All of us would have enjoyed the party much more if there_ quite such a crowd of people there.A. werent B. hasnt been C. hadnt been D. wouldnt be 50. _ for the fact that she broke her leg, she might have passed the exam. A. Had it not been B. Hadnt it been C. Was it not D. Were it not 43. If your car _any attention during the first 12 months, take it to an authorized dealer. A shall need B should need C would need D will need 54.If only the patient _a different treatment instead of using the antibiotics, he might still be alive now. A. had received B. received C. should receive D. were receiving If only 引导的是虚拟语气，与过去事实相反用 had done，与现在事实相反，谓 这里的主句虽然表示的是现在， 语动词用 did，这里的主句虽然表示的是现在，但是 if only 表示的是过去发生的事情，要用过去完成时,所以这题的正确答案是 A 52. If only I _ play the guitar as well as you! A would B could C should D might60. He would have finished his college education, but he _ to quit and find a job to support his family. A. had had B. has had to C. had D. would have51.“ What courses are you going to do next semester?” “ I dont know. But its about time _ on something.” A. Id decide B. I decided C. I decide D. Im deciding 49. If you have really been studying English for so long. _ able to write letters in English. A. should be B. were C. must be D. are 60. That was not the first time he _ us. I think its high time we _ strong actions against him. A. betrayed. . take B. had betrayed. . . took C. has betrayed. took D. has betrayed. take 54 Its high time we _ cutting down the rainforests. A stopped B had to stop C shall stop D stop 五、用作对过去的推测或责备的情态动词完成时与情态动词 推测句 Probability must have done 肯定的推测句 （过去时） must be doing （现在 时） couldnt have done 否定的推测句 could have done would have done cant be doing might have done should have done 均用于本应发生而未发生的状况 53. She _ fifty or so when I first met her at a conference. A. had been B. must be C. has been D. must have been 61. Arent you tired? I _ you had done enough for today. A. should have thought B. must have thought C. might have thought D. could have thought 65. Which of the following sentences expresses probability? A. You must leave immediately. B. You must be feeling rather tired. C. You must be here by eight oclock. D. You must complete the reading assignment on time. 52. Nancys gone to work but her cars still there. She _ by bus. A. must have gone B. should have gone 7 C. ought to have gone D. could have gone 53.“You _ borrow my notes provided you take care of them,” I told my friend. A. could B. should C. must D. can 从句中为一般现在时，provided 条件从句 = if, 从句中为一般现在时，判定主句也是一般现在时 can。 Could 也可以用于表示客气的语气，但不用在条件句中。 也可以用于表示客气的语气，但不用在条件句中。 56. Loudspeakers were fixed in the hall so that everyone may have an opportunity to hear the speech. A ought to have B must have C may have D should have 引导的状语从句中，主句是过去时， so that 引导的状语从句中，主句是过去时， 从句中用过去时 might / could /should。 57. I am surprised_ this city is a dull place to live in. A that you should think B by what you are thinking C that you would think D with what you were thinking should do 表示惊讶，奇怪，欢欣等。 表示48. He _ unwisely, but he was at least trying to do something helpful.A. may have acted B. must have acted C. should act D. would act 57. I went there in 1984, and that was the only occasion when I _ the journey in exactly two days. A. must take B. must have made C. was able to make D. could make 48. You _ Jim anything about it. It was none of his business.A. neednt have told B. neednt tell C. mustnt have told D. mustnt tell52. You _ Mark anything. It was none of his business. A neednt have told B neednt tell C mustnt have told tell D mustnt六It句型 It is important that something ( be / do 动词原型 美语) (should be / should do 英 语) 形 essential necessary imperative possible impossible urgent advisable 动 advise demand ask order require urge recommend suggest insist 名 advice arrangement decision order suggestion recommendation 59 It is imperative that the government _ more investment into the shipbuilding industry. A attracts B shall attract C attract D has to56. It is imperative that students _ their term papers on time. A. hand in B. would hand in C. have to hand in D. handed in 57. The opening ceremony is a great occasion. It is essential _ for that. A. for us to be prepared B. that we are prepared C. of us to be prepared D. our being prepared 65.It is absolutely essential that William _his study in spite of some learning difficulties. A. ill continue B. continued C. continue D. continues 60. It is necessary that he _ the assignment without delay. A. hand in B. hands in C. must hand in D. has to hand in 七、句法搭配：54. _ the boss says, it is unreasonable to ask me to work overtime without pay. A. Whatever B. Whenever C. Whichever D. However 41. After _ seemed an endless wait, it was her turn to enter the personnel managers office.A. that B. what C. there D. it54. After_ seemed an endless wait, it was his turn to enter the personnel managers office. A. that B. it C. what D. there 62. Quality is _ counts most.A. which B. that C. what D. where 50. Hes _ as a “bellyacher” hes always complaining about something.A. who is known B. whom is known C. what is known D. which is known 47. She managed to save _ she could out of her wages to help her brother. A. how little money B. so little money C. such little money D. what little moneyso+many/few+可数名词复数，但 such+其他形容词可数名词复数 4so+much/little+不可数名词，但 such+其他形容词不可数名词 53. The government has promised to do _ lies in its power to ease the hardships of the victims in the flood-stricken area. A. however B. whichever C. whatever D. wherever 64. In How much do you think he earns? how much is _ of the sentence. A. the subject B. the adverbial C. the object D. the complement 57.It is not _much the language as the background that makes the book difficult to understand. A.that B.as C.so D.very not so much .as 与其说,不如说. not as much as not so much as / not so much as 与其说还不如说 51. That trumpet player was certainly loud. But I wasnt bothered by his loudness _ by his lack of talent.A. so much as B. rather than C. as D. than 48. He was_to tell the truth even to his closest friend.A. too much of a coward B. too much the coward C. a coward enough D. enough He is too much of to do something 太而不能 62. Overpopulation poses a terrible threat to the human race. Yet it is probably _a threat to the human race than environmental destruction.A. no more B. not more C. even more D. much more not more .than 与其说是 A,不如说是 B. 51. _dull he may be, he is certainly a very successful top executive. A Although B whatever C As D However 60. Land belongs to the city; there is _ thing as private ownership of land. A no such a B not such C not such a D no such *not such a _ thing 只能在有其它修饰词或指很明确的事情/物体时用，如 物体时用， Thats not such a good painting. 那幅画不怎么样嘛。 那幅画不怎么样嘛。 意思不一样了， 没这回事儿“ 没这个概念。 “ 意思不一样了，这里的意思是没这回事儿“/“没这个概念。 例句：Believe it or not, there is no such thing as standard English. 53. His remarks were _ annoy everybody at the meeting. A. so as to B. such as to C. such to D. as much as to 50. His strong sense of humor was _ make everyone in the room burst out laughing. A so as to B such as to C so that D such that 56. Because fuel supplies are finite and many people are wasteful, we will have to install _ solar heating device in our home. A. some type of B. some types of a C. some type of a D. some types of 66. Why are you staring? Ive never seen _ tree before.A. kind of B. that kind of C. such kind D. such 58. I know he failed his last test, but really hes _ stupid. A. something but B. anything but C. nothing but D. not but anything but 一点也不，决不 一点也不He is anything but a poet. 他决不是个诗人。nothing but 只是 He is nothing but a liar. 他只是个骗子。56. Which of the following italicized phrases is INCORRECT? A. The city is now ten times its original size. B. I wish I had two times his strength C. The seller asked for double the usual price. D. They come here four times every year.59. The additional work will take A. the other two B. another two weeks. C. other D. the more八、比较级的特殊表达顺序 55. A new laptop costs about _ of a second-hand one. A. the price of three times B. three times the price C. as much as the three times price D. three times more than the price 64. The square itself is five hundred yards wide, five times _ the size of St. Peters in Rome. A. / B. that of C. which is D. of 64 It was _ we had hoped.A more a success than B a success more than C as much of a success as D a success as much as It was more a success than we had hoped. It was as much of a success as we had hoped. The guy is as more of an idiot as I assumed. 这个家伙和我想象中的一样混 蛋it was more of a success（more successful） than I expected。事情比我想象中的成功。 59. Do you know Tims brother? He is _ than Tim. A. much more sportsman B. more of a sportsman C. more of sportsman D. more a sportsman 57. The less the surface of the ground yields to the weight of a fully-loaded truck, _ to the truck. A. the greater stress is B. greater is the stress C. the stress is greater D. the greater the stress 47. Language belongs to each member of the society, to the cleaner_ to the professor. A as far as B the same as C as much as D as long as 41. John is _ hardworking than his sister, but he failed in the exam. A no less B no more C not less D no so no less than = as as （和一样） 例句：He is no less than a bee. 九、定语从句 53. The party, _ I was the guest of honor, was extremely enjoyable. A. by which B. for which C. to which D. at which 53. Above the trees are the hills, _ magnificence the river faithfully reflects on the surface. A. where B. of whose C. whose D. which 61. They overcame all the difficulties and completed the project two months ahead of time, _ is something we had not expected. A. which B. it C. that D. what62. He is quite worn out from years of hard work. he was twenty years ago. A. which B. that C. who D. whom 44. Have you ever been in a situation _ you know the other person is right yet you cannot agree with him?A. by which B. that C. in where D. where 56. I was very interested in _ she told me. A. all that B. all which C. all what D. that 十、it 作形式语 57. We consider _ he should have left without telling anyone beforehand.A. strange why B. it strange what C. it strange that D. that strange 63.It is not uncommon for there _problems of communication between the old and the young.A. being B. would be C. be D. to be 固定用法：for there to be, of there being. 61. In the sentence Its no use waiting for her, the italicized phrase is)_. A. the object B. an adverbial C. a complement D. the subject 十一、肯定与否定回应句与反义疑问句 58. It is going to be fine tomorrow. _. A. So is it. B. So it is. C. So it does. D. So does it. 58. When you have finished with that book, dont forget to put it back on my desk, _? A. do you B. dont you C. will you D. wont you 祈使句中，反意问句用 will you? Let us 中用 shall we? 63. She would have been more agreeable if she had changed a little bit, _?A. hadnt she B. hasnt she C. wouldnt she D. didnt she 57. She seldom goes to the theatre, _? A. doesnt she B. does she C. would she D. wouldnt she ? 54. When you have finished with the book, dont forg