现代大学英语 第五册 Lesson 3 教案.doc

Lesson 3Goods Move. People Move. Ideas Move. And Cultures Change.Lesson Three Goods Move. People Move. Ideas Move. And Cultures Change.Teaching hours: 6Teaching requirements: Build the students vocabulary power. Help the students to get the general ideas of the text about globalization and understanding of the various aspects related to globalization; Cultivating a sense of global awareness; Build the students writing skills by analyzing the rhetorical device of contrast and careful choice of words.Key points of teaching: a more perceptive understanding on globalization by learning the text; writing style analysis of the typical piece of journalistic writingTeaching contents1. Pre-class work 1.1 Background Information1) Erla Zwingle: former National Geographic editor. I am a freelance journalist and have been writing for many magazines for several decades, on subjects ranging from photography to sports to people, places, and things. I have traveled from the slums of India and Sao Paulo to private clubs in Saint-Moritz, and met people from geologists studying nuclear waste storage to farmers harvesting their olives for oil. Muslims in Norway, environmental activists in Greece, art restorers in ItalyIm used to meeting people and I love learning new things. 2) Culture: the totality of socially transmitted behavior patterns, arts, beliefs, institutions, and all other products of human work and thought; the ideas, beliefs and customs that are shared by people in a society; all the arts, beliefs, social institutions etc. characteristic of a community or a race. Activity 1: Identify and explain what culture is. What is culture? Discuss. Culture is a way of life shared by a group. It is a learned behavior, passed on by each generation. Culture embraces a peoples lifestyle, values, and beliefs. Ask students to list items they think are part of culture e.g., music, literature, art, religion, traditions, dress, food, architecture, education, government gather information and write a definition of what culture is. 3) Globalization refers to the increasing unification of the worlds economic order through reduction of such barriers to international trade as tariffs, export fees, and import quotas. It describes the process by which regional economies, societies, and cultures have become integrated through communication, transportation, and trade. The term can also refer to the transnational circulation of ideas, languages, or popular culture through acculturation. Globalization is a process of interaction and integration among the people, companies, and governments of different nations, a process driven by international trade and investment and aided by information technology. This process has effects on the environment, on culture, on political systems, on economic development and prosperity, and on human physical well-being in societies around the world. Globalization is deeply controversial, however. Proponents of globalization argue that it allows poor countries and their citizens to develop economically and raise their standards of living, while opponents of globalization claim that the creation of an unfettered international free market has benefited multinational corporations in the Western world at the expense of local enterprises, local cultures, and common people. Resistance to globalization has therefore taken shape both at a popular and at a governmental level as people and governments try to manage the flow of capital, labor, goods, and ideas that constitute the current wave of globalization. Activity 2: Examine and analyze how technology influences the spatial processes of cultural convergence and divergence. Have students examine and analyze how communications and transportation technologies contribute to cultural convergence (i.e., how electronic media, computers, and jet aircraft connect distant places in a close network of contact through cross-cultural adaptation). How do they see themselves in this convergence? Students should draw a map and write an essay reflecting their findings. They should address the question: How does the role of technology affect the ways in which culture influences spread and influence the way people live?1.2 Questions for discussion Whats the authors attitude towards globalization? Do you think globalization equals to Americanization? Whats your reaction to the changed culture? Are you ready for this challenge? 1.3 Synonyms for globalization: mixing, merging, fusion, blending2. Detailed study of the text 2.1 Reading for the main idea Globalization is an inevitable historical process. There will be a diversity of cultures coexisting in the world, and these cultures are brought together not only by technology or business but more importantly by common aspiration and shared values. (Globalization will not lead to Americanization but a coexistence of transformed culture made possible by common aspiration and shared values of human beings.)2.2 Language pointssmallish: fairly smallseedy: shabby, rundownthrift shop: a shop that sells used articles, especially clothing, as to benefit a charitable organizationcatch on: become popular and fashionableoriginal: not derived from something else; fresh and unusual; newcome up with: think of an idea, plan or reply; producepunk: a type of loud violent music popular in the late 1970s and 1980smorph: turn into variants form without changing the essencegeek: performer of grotesque or depraved actschunky: short and thicktile: a marked playing piece, as in mahjong 2.3 Text analysisn This is a piece of argumentation. The author approaches the issue of “globalization” from a historical perspective instead of a political or economic one.n Effective writing skill: the rhetorical device of contrastPart I (paras.13) the beginningGlobalization is a reality but it is not something completely new. What is new is the speed and scope of changes.Part II (paras.46) different views on globalizationPart III (paras.79) three points in this part: Westernization is not a straight road to hell, or to paradise either; Cultures are as resourceful, resilient, and unpredictable as the people who compose them; Teenagers are one of the powerful engines of merging global cultures.Part IV (paras.1013) the authors experience with Amanda Freeman, a cool hunterPart V (paras.1419) in order to prove that fusion is the trend, the author used Tom Sloper and Mah-jongg as an example.Part VI (para.20) we should notice something in China.Part VII (paras.2124) the cultural trends in ShanghaiPart VIII (paras.2528) the author used the experience at Shanghai Theatre Academy to illustrate the point that the change is at the level of ideas.Part IX (paras.2934) the author in this part introduced Tofflers view on conflict, change and world order.Part X (para.35) linkingPart XI (para.36) changePart XII (paras.3739) the author again used an example in Shanghai to illustrate the transformation of cultures.Part XIII (para.40) linking is humanitys natural impulse. Part I (Paras. 1-3) Globalization is a reality but it is not something completely new. What is new is the speed and scope of changes. Part II (Paras. 4-6) This part deals with different views on globalization. Part III (Paras. 7-9) Three points are made in this part: 1) Westernization is not a straight road to hell, or to paradise either. 2) Cultures are resourceful, resilient and unpredictable as the people who compose them. 3) Teenagers are one of the powerful engines of merging global cultures.Part I Part I (Paras. 1-3) Globalization is a reality but it is not something completely new. What is new is the speed and scope of changes.Language Points in Part I 1. Be in the throes of: struggling with the task of sth/of doing sth2. A tectonic shift of habits and dreams: a profound change of habits and dreams 经受一种习俗与追求的巨大变化3. A wild assortment of changes: a great variety of changes4. Weaving commercial and cultural connections: making contracts in trade and culture 开展商业和文化交流5. Ventured afield: undertook the risk of getting away from home6. Wrought fundamental changes: brought about essential changes7. Tied tighter and more intricate knots between individuals and the wider world 把个人与广阔的世界更紧密也更复杂地连接在一起Today we are in the throes of a worldwide reformation of cultures, a tectonic shift of habits and dreams called, in the curious vocabulary of social scientists, “globalization”. In the throes of: in the struggle with (a problem, decision, task, etc)Tectonic: relating to structural deformation of the earths crust今天我们正经历着一种世界范围文化剧变的阵痛,一种习俗与追求的结构性变化,用社会科学家奇特的词汇来称呼这种变化,就叫”全球化”. Question 1: How does the author begin this article?The author begins the article with the statement “Today we are in the throes of a worldwide reformation of cultures” which is called globalization. Here the author points out that globalization is a world movement and a movement of reformation of cultures. She does not say merging of cultures but reformation of cultures, indicating the cultures in the world will continue to exist but they will not be the same. Yet globalization, as one report stated, “is a reality, not a choice”.Yet globalization is not something that you can accept or reject, it is already a matter of life which you will encounter and have to respond to.Why does the author say that “is a reality, not a choice?= Globalization is not something that you can accept or reject, it is already a matter of life which you will encounter and have to respond to every day.cultures change How do cultures change in the eyes of the writer ?Para3/4/5/8/35/36Para3./1Still, the basic dynamic remains the same: Goods move. People move. Ideas move. And cultures changes. a) dynamic: ? adj. n. Part II: Paras. 4-6This part deals with different views on globalization.Language Points in Part IIn Flatten every cultural crease: 抹去所有的文化差异n Popular factions sprout to exploit nationalist anxieties: Political groups with broad support have come into being to take advantage of existing worries and uneasiness among the people about foreign “cultural assault”.得到公众支持的派别开始利用民族主义者的忧虑。Para. 4: how do cultures changeWhatever their background or agendas, these critics are convinced that Westernoften equated with Americaninfluences will flatten every cultural crease, as one observer terms it, one big “McWorld”.Crease: wrinkling, a line caused by folding 不管他们的背景和纲领如何,这些对全球化持反对态度的人深信西方的影响往往等同于美国的影响会把所有文化上的差异一一压平,就像一位观察家所说的,最终产生一个麦当劳世界,一个充满美国货和体现美国价值观的世界. Para. 5 How do cultures change Popular factions sprout to exploit nationalist anxieties. Meaning: Political groups with broad support have come into being to take advantage of existing worries and uneasiness among the people about foreign cultural assault. In China, where xenophobia and economic ambition have often struggled for the upper hand,Meaning: in China, the two trends of closed-door and open door policies have long been struggling for dominance. IS the authors summary of the book accurate? No. the writers of the book do express some strong nationalist feelings, but they are not irrational. Their arguments are not groundless, though they contain serious flaws. And they are not simply asking people to reject anything foreign. To call them xenophobic is neither correct nor fair. Para. 6Those people out there should continue to live in a museum while we will have showers that work.The Chinese people should continue to live in a backward life while we live comfortably with all modern conveniences.Part III Paras.7-9 Part III (Paras. 7-9) Three points are made in this part: 1) Westernization is not a straight road to hell, or to paradise either. 2) Cultures are resourceful, resilient and unpredictable as the people who compose them. 3) Teenagers are one of the powerful engines of merging global cultures. ( What are the three points made by the author concerning cultural changes ? )Language Points in Part III1) A phenomenon shot through with inconsistencies: a concept full of self-contradiction一种充满矛盾的现象2) Point to: emphasize3) Westernization is not a straight road to hell, or to paradise either: Westernization is neither terribly bad nor extremely good.4) The ostensible fountainhead of world cultural degradation: 世界文化堕落的明显的源头5) Hang out: often visit a place6) Rap music: 说唱音乐7) Cool hunters: 猎酷者8) Take me in hand: to control me as to show me how to behave 向我示范 Para. 7 Westernization is not a straight road to hell, or to paradise either.Westernization,is a phenomenon shot through with inconsistencies and populated by very strange bedfellows.(be) shot through with: to have a lot of, as if full of holes after a shotgun blast.Inconsistencies: not uniform, inharmonious Bedfellow: an associate, ally,etc. Westernization is a concept full of self-contradiction and held by people of very different background or views. Para. 8 How do cultures change Cultures are resourceful, resilient and unpredictable as the people who compose them. Resourceful :able to deal promptly and effectively with problems, difficulties, etc. Resilient: recovering strength, spirits Resourceful, resilient and unpredictable are proven by the three example of: Hollywood high school(32 different languages: diversity) ;shanghai and India. 不过,我也发现文化就如构成文化的民族一样,善于随机应便,富有弹性而且不可预测.Part IV. (Paras. 10-13) Part IV. (Paras. 10-13) This part tells of the authors experience with Amanda Freeman, a cool hunter. (Who is Amanda Freeman? Whats the authors experience with her? ) “You dont have to be cool to do it,” she said. “You just have to have the eye.”Paraphrase: In trying to find out what will be the future trend, you dont need to be fashionable yourself. All you need is awareness, that is to say, you need to be on the alert, to be observant.Language Points in Part IV1) Shoulder-length brown hair: 棕色的披肩发2) You dont have to be cool to do it; you just have to have the eye: In trying to find out what will be the future trend, you dont need to be fashionable yourself. All you need is awareness, that is to say, you need to be observant.3) A smallish 50s-style diner in a slight seedy pocket east of Hollywood: a small restaurant built in the style of the 1950s in a somewhat run-down area in the east of Hollywood4) The thrift shops: 旧货店Part V (Paras. 14-19)Part V (Paras. 14-19) In order to prove fusion is the trend, the author used Tom Sloper and mah-jongg as an example. (In what way is Tom Sloper typical?) Language Points in Part V1) A computer geek:电脑怪人；电脑痴2) mah-jongg fanatic: 麻将迷3) This being America, he has found a way to marry these two passions and sell the result: Since America is an open and technologically advanced country with a large market for unusual things, Tom found the necessary conditions to design a software program combining computer technology with the rules of mah-jongg, and he was able to sell his product.4. Habitual partners: 老搭档5. A real night owl: 真正的夜猫子6. Be up in the cybersphere far above the level of time zones: 在网络世界活动，这种活动超越时区。Para.19He, an American playing a Chinese game with people in Germany, Wales, Ohio, and Minnesota, was up in the cybersphere far above the level of time zones. Paraphrase: He was playing a game through the Internet with people living in different time zones thus their activity on the computer broke down time zone limit.Part VI (Para. 20) If it seemsconsider China. This sentence serves as a transition. Fast-forward blur: moving so fast into the future that outlines are blurred as if images on a video tape being played on fast forward. 如果说西方的生活太超前了，已经看不清楚轮廓了，那么就看看中国Part VII (Paras, 21-24) This part describes the cultural trends in Shanghai. (The author makes a contrast between old Shanghai and Shanghai in the 1990s. Which one does she prefer? How do you know?)Language Points in Part VI1) A fast-forward blur: moving so fast into the future that outlines are blurred as if images on a video tape being played on fast forward2) Buick sales outlet: 别克轿车的销售点3) Elegant villas and imposing office building: 优雅的别墅和雄伟的办公大楼4) Traffic crawls: 车辆缓慢爬行5) The cultural dislocation: 文化混乱 Para. 22: Rip itself into ribbon: tear itself into shreds (a long, irregular strip)The phrase shows the authors attitude: once Shanghais buildings were elegant and imposing, now Shanghai has torn itself into shreds and the results could not have been good. In a decade scores of gleaming new skyscrapers have shot up to crowd and jostle the skyline, cramp the narrow winding streets, and choke the parks and open spaces with their sheer soaring presence.Scores of: a large number ofShoot up: appear or grow like mushroomsheer: steepSoaring: rising up higher than usual 十年中,大量闪闪发光的新的摩天大楼拔地而起,挤压空间,使人张目不能远眺,使原本狭窄弯曲的街道更嫌压抑,而这些高耸大楼的存在也使公园和空地感到憋气.Para. 22In its first two weeks of business the Gucci Store took in a surprising $ 100,00.explain: The Gucci Store did not expect that in the first two weeks of its opening in Shanghai business could be so good.Para.23Main idea: This paragraph tells of changes in the life of ordinary peoplechanges in the amount of money spend on food, on clothes and in money spent on new items, such as travel.Engels coefficient 恩格尔系数Engels coefficient-the proportion of expense on food to the consumption expense 食物支出金额总支出金额x100%=恩格尔系数 联合国根据恩格尔系数的大小，对世界各国的生活水平有一个划分标准，即一个国家平均家庭恩格尔系数大于60%为贫穷；50%-60%为温饱；40%-50%为小康；30%-40%属于相对富裕；20%-30%为富裕；20%以下为极其富裕。 Part VIII Paras. 25-28 The author used the experience at Shanghai Theatre Academy to illustrate the point that the change is at the level of ideas. 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