内部控制和现金英文版PPT课件.ppt

INTERNALCONTROLANDCASH内部控制和现金 1 Defineinternalcontrol Principlesofinternalcontrol Internalcontroltocashreceipts Internalcontroltocashdisbursements Operationofapettycashfund Controlfeaturesofabankaccount Prepareabankreconciliation MainPoints 2 Internalcontrolconsistsoftheplanoforganizationandalltherelatedmethodsandmeasuresadoptedwithinabusinessinorderto 1safeguarditsassetsand2enhancetheaccuracyandreliabilityofitsaccountingrecords INTERNALCONTROL内部控制 3 Establishmentofresponsibility责任的建立 controlismosteffectivewhenonlyonepersonisresponsibleforagiventask Segregationofduties职责的分离 theworkofoneemployeeshouldprovideareliablebasisforevaluatingtheworkofanotheremployee Documentationprocedures过程证据化 documentsshouldprovideevidencethattransactionsandeventshaveoccurred PRINCIPLESOFINTERNALCONTROL 4 Physical mechanical andelectroniccontrols物理控制 relateprimarilytothesafeguardingofassetsandenhancingaccuracyandreliabilityoftheaccountingrecords Independentinternalverification独立的内部验证 thereview comparison andreconciliationofinformationfromtwosources Othercontrols其他控制 bondingofemployeeswhohandlecash rotating轮换employee sduties andrequiringemployeestotakevacations休假 PRINCIPLESOFINTERNALCONTROL 5 Safes andsafetydepositboxesforcashandbusinesspapersLockedwarehousesandstoragecabinetsforinventoriesandrecordsComputerfacilitieswithpasskeyaccess PHYSICALCONTROLS 6 MECHANICALANDELECTRONICCONTROLS Alarmstopreventbreak insTelevisionmonitorstodetertheftTimeclocksforrecordingtimeworked 7 Toobtainmaximumbenefitfromindependentinternalverification 1Theverificationshouldbemadeperiodicallyoronasurprisebasis 2Theverificationshouldbedonebyanemployeewhoisindependentofthepersonnelresponsiblefortheinformation 3Exceptionsshouldbereportedtoamanagementlevelthatcantakeappropriatecorrectiveaction INDEPENDENTINTERNALVERIFICATION 8 Independentinternalverificationisoftenassignedtointernalauditors内部审计师 Internalauditorsevaluatetheeffectivenessofthecompany ssystemofinternalcontrolonacontinuousbasis Internalauditingisaprofessionalactivitywithinacompany oftenwithdirectaccesstotheboardofdirectors INDEPENDENTINTERNALVERIFICATION 9 Makesmonthlycomparisons reportsanyunreconcilabledifferencestotreasurer MaintainscashbalancesMaintainscustodyofperbookscashonhand IndependentInternalVerification COMPARISONOFSEGREGATIONOFDUTIESPRINCIPLEWITHINDEPENDENTINTERNALVERIFICATIONPRINCIPLE AccountingEmployeeA AssistantCashierB AssistantTreasurerC SegregationofDuties 10 Costsofestablishingcontrolproceduresshouldnotexceedtheirexpectedbenefitsaccordingtotheconceptofreasonableassurance Thehumanelementisalsoanimportantfactor AgoodsystemcanbecomeineffectivethroughemployeecarelessnessCollusion合谋mayresultwhentwoormoreindividualsworktogethertogetaroundprescribedcontrolsandmaysignificantlyimpairtheeffectivenessofasystem LIMITATIONSOFINTERNALCONTROL内部控制的限制 11 12 Cashincludescoins currency checks moneyorders andmoneyonhandorondepositatabankorsimilardepository Internalcontrolovercashisimperativeinordertosafeguardcashandassuretheaccuracyoftheaccountingrecordsforcash CASH现金 13 Onlydesignatedpersonnelshouldbeauthorizedtohandleorhaveaccesstocashreceipts Differentindividualsshould 1receivecash2recordcashreceipttransactions3havecustodyofcash INTERNALCONTROLOVERCASHRECEIPTS接受现金的内部控制 14 Documentsshouldinclude remittanceadvices cashregistertapes depositslipsCashshouldbestoredinsafesandbankvaultsAccesstostorageareasshouldbelimitedtoauthorizedpersonnel 15 Dailycashcountsanddailycomparisonsoftotalreceipts Allpersonnelwhohandlecashreceiptsshouldbebondedandrequiredtotakevacations Controlofover the counterreceiptsiscenteredoncashregistersthatarevisibletocustomers 16 Paymentsaremadebycheck支票ratherthanbycash exceptforpettycash零用现金transactions Onlyspecifiedindividualsshouldbeauthorizedtosignchecks Differentdepartmentsorindividualsshouldbeassignedthedutiesofapprovinganitemforpaymentandpayingit INTERNALCONTROLOVERCASHDISBURSEMENTS现金支付的内部控制 17 Pre numberedchecksshouldbeusedandeachcheckshouldbesupportedbyanapprovedinvoiceorotherdocument Blankchecks空白支票shouldbestoredinasafe 1Accessshouldberestrictedtoauthorizedpersonnel 2Acheckwritermachineshouldbeusedtoimprinttheamountonthecheckinindelibleink 18 Eachcheckshouldbecomparedwiththeapprovedinvoicebeforeitisissued Followingpayment theapprovedinvoiceshouldbestampedPAID 19 ElectronicFundsTransfer EFT isadisbursementsystemthatuseswire telephone orcomputertosendcashfromonelocationtoanother Regularpaymentssuchasthoseforhouse car andutilitiesarefrequentlymadebyEFT ELECTRONICFUNDSTRANSFER电子资金划账 20 Apettycashfundisusedtopayrelativelysmallamounts Operationofthefund oftencalledanimprestsystem involves 1establishingthefund 2makingpaymentsfromthefund and3replenishingthefund PETTYCASHFUND备用金 21 Accountingentriesarerequiredwhen 1thefundisestablished 2thefundisreplenished and3theamountofthefundischanged PETTYCASHFUND备用金 22 2020 1 27 23 ESTABLISHINGTHEFUND Twoessentialstepsinestablishingapettycashfundare1appointingapettycashcustodianwhowillberesponsibleforthefundand2determiningthesizeofthefund Ordinarily theamountisexpectedtocoveranticipateddisbursementsfora3 weekto4 weekperiod 24 LairdCompanydecidestoestablisha 100fundonMarch1 Whenthefundisestablished acheckpayabletothepettycashcustodianisissuedforthestipulatedamount 25 REPLENISHINGTHEFUND Whenthemoneyinthepettycashfundreachesaminimumlevel thefundisreplenished Therequestforreimbursementisinitiatedbythepettycashcustodian Thepettycashcustodianpreparesascheduleofthepaymentsthathavebeenmadeandsendstheschedule withsupportingdocumentation tothetreasurer soffice 26 OnMarch15thepettycashcustodianrequestsacheckfor 87 Thefundcontains 13cashandpettycashreceiptsforpostage 44 freight in 38 andmiscellaneousexpenses 5 27 Theuseofabankminimizestheamountofcurrencythatmustbekeptonhandandcontributessignificantlytogoodinternalcontrolovercash Acompanycansafeguarditscashbyusingabankasadepositoryandclearinghouseforchecksreceivedandcheckswritten Newdepositorsarerequiredtosignasignaturecardwhenopeningacheckingaccount USEOFABANK 28 Acheckisawrittenordersignedbythedepositordirectingthebanktopayaspecifiedsumofmoneytoadesignatedrecipient Threepartiestoacheckare 1Maker drawer issuesthecheck2Bank payer onwhichcheckisdrawn3Payeetowhomcheckispayable WRITINGCHECKS开支票 29 Drawer Bank Payee Check Check Cash BankStatement 30 BANKSTATEMENTS银行对账单 Abankstatementshows 1checkspaidandotherdebitschargedagainsttheaccount2depositsandothercreditsmadetotheaccount3accountbalanceaftereachday stransactions 31 BANKSTATEMENTS银行对账单 32 Bankdebitmemorandaindicatechargesagainstthedepositor saccount Example ATMservicechargesBankcreditmemorandaindicateamountsthatwillincreasethedepositor saccount Example interestincomeonaccountbalance MEMORANDA 33 RECONCILINGTHEBANKACCOUNT银行户头的调整 Reconciliationisnecessarybecausethebalanceperbank银行余额andbalanceperbooks账上余额areseldominagreementduetotimelagsanderrors Abankreconciliationshouldbepreparedbyanemployeewhohasnootherresponsibilitiespertainingtocash 34 Stepsinpreparingabankreconciliation 1Determinedepositsintransit2Determineoutstandingchecks3Noteanyerrorsdiscovered4TracebankmemorandatotherecordsEachreconcilingitemusedindeterminingtheadjustedcashbalanceperbooksshouldberecordedbythedepositor RECONCILINGTHEBANKACCOUNT 35 ThebankstatementfortheLairdCompanyshowsabalanceperbankof 15 907 45onApril30 2002 Onthisdatethebalanceofcashperbooksis 11 589 45 BANKRECONCILIATON 36 37 CollectionofNoteReceivableThisentryinvolvesfouraccounts Interestof 50hasnotbeenaccruedandthecollectionfeeischargedtoMiscellaneousExpense 38 BookErrorAnexaminationo