02 The Humming Bird.doc

02 The Humming-Bird=hummer n.(动)蜂鸟科的鸟；蜂鸟Of all animated beings this is the most elegant in form and the most brilliant in colors. The stones and metals polished by our arts are not comparable to jewel of Nature . She has placed it least in size of the order of birds,maximemirandain minimis.Her masterpiece isthislittlehumming-bird,anduponitshehasheaped all the gifts which the other birds may only share. Lightness, rapidity, nimbleness, grace and rich apparel all belong to this little favorite. The emerald , the ruby , and the topaz (11) gleam upon its dress(12). It never soils them with the dust of earth, and in its aerial life scarcely touches the turf an instant. Always in the air, flying from flower to flower, it has their freshness as well as their brightness. It lives upon their nectar, and dwells only in the climates where they perennially bloom. FromNaturalHistory byGeorgeLouisLeclerc Buffon 中文译文 蜂 鸟乔治路易勒克某尔布丰在一切生物中，要算蜂鸟体型最优美、颜色最鲜艳。经过工艺加工的各种宝石和金属是无法跟这个大自然的珍宝媲美的。大自然按照鸟类的大小把它列为最小号，真是。最小的绝妙珍品。这种小蜂鸟是大自然的杰作。大自然把其他鸟类只能分享共有其中一部分的种种天赋全部慷慨地给了它。这个小宠儿具有轻盈、敏捷、灵活、优雅以及羽毛绚丽等一切妙处。那翠绿的、艳红的、嫩黄色的羽毛闪闪发光。蜂鸟从不让它的羽毛沾染尘土，它生活在天空巾，一刻也不碰到草皮。它总是在空中飞翔，从花丛飞向花丛；它象花一样的新鲜，又象花一样的艳丽。蜂鸟靠花蜜为生，它只生活在气候宜人, 适于繁衍的地方.注释 animated cartoon 卡通片,动画片animated drawing 动画片,卡通片生物 living things; living beings; organisms; bios (pl. bioi, bioses); biont; thing; lifepolish vt. & vi.(使)光滑, 擦亮 The wood wont polish.这种木材无法磨光。They polished the car.他们擦亮了汽车。He polished the floor smooth.他把地板磨得光滑。This table-top polishes up nicely. 这个桌面能插得很亮。 * polish (up) wood, furniture, shoes etc with a cloth 用布把木器、家具、鞋等搽亮(fig 喻) 修正；修改；修饰（某物）: polish a speech, an article, etc. 给讲稿、文章等润色 Would you please polish my article right now? 您现在把我的文章润色一下好吗?修正，修饰(某物) If you polish the article, we will print it in the newspaper.如果你把这篇文章润色一下，我们就在报纸上发表它。(phr v) polish sth off (infml 口)迅速做完某事: polish off a big plateful of stew 很快吃完一大盘炖菜*polish off the arrears of correspondence 匆匆写完待覆的信件（n.欠款, 未付清的款项 (工作等的)拖延,耽搁 待完成的事arrears of rent=* rent arrears欠租 arrears of salary 欠薪 arrears of correspondence 待覆的信件 拖欠；拖延 The payments on that car loan are in arrears by three months.购车贷款的偿付被拖欠了三个月。I am two or three letters in arrears.我还有两三封信搁着未复。）(idm 习语) be in/fall into arrears (with sth) (a) 拖欠: I have fallen into arrears with my rent. 我已经拖欠租金了。* Payment is made in arrears, ie at the end of the period in which eg the work was done. 后行付款（在最后的一段时间付款，如工作完成后）. (b)拖延（应做的事）: Im in arrears with the housework. 我的家务事还拖着呢。 polish n （磨或擦而成的）光亮的面: a table-top with a good polish打磨得很亮的桌面A hot plate will spoil the tables polish.热盘子会弄坏桌面的光泽(b)磨光；搽亮；修饰: The polish is rubbed off.上光蜡被擦掉了give the floor a thorough polish把地板彻底弄光亮(c) U, C擦光剂；上光剂: furniture, floor, shoe polish家具上光蜡、地板蜡、鞋油 Use brown polish on these shoes.用棕色的鞋油擦这双鞋。（补充：鞋油shoe shine;shoe polish; shoe cream shoe-blacking黑鞋油）* a tin of metal polish 一罐金属擦光剂* apply polish to sth给某物上光. U (fig比喻)文雅；高雅；优雅；优美: His writing has potential but lacks polish.他的写作很有潜力, 但是不够优美。an unsophisticated country fellow who completely lacked polish 全无文雅气质不懂世故的乡下人*a crude performance of the symphony, quite without polish 那首交响乐拙劣的演奏，毫无美感,. (idm习语) spit and polish 对设备（尤指对军用设备）彻底的清洗polished adj 磨光的；搽亮的: polished wood磨光的木头. 文雅的；优美的: polished manners优雅的风度 * a polished style, performance 优美的风格、表演polisher n 磨光机: a floor polisher 地板磨光机 are not comparable to：比不上.的。 补充：compare A beginners painting cant be compared to that of an expert. 初学者的话不能与专家相比。（水平极不相同）This cannot compare with that. 这个无法与那个相比（因二者相去甚远，不能相比）。He cannot compare with Shakespeare as a writer of tragedies.在悲剧写作方面他根本不能与莎士比亚相比。(idm 习语)compare notes (with sb.) 交换意见、观点、看法等We saw the play separately and compared notes afterwards. 我们各自看了这出戏，后来交换了一下意见。(idm 习语)beyond compare (fml 文) 无可比拟；举世无双；绝伦；绝顶She is lovely beyond compare. 她真是可爱得无以伦比。comparison bear /stand comparison with sb. /sth. 比得上某人（某事物）；不亚于某人（某事物）Thats a good dictionary, but it doesnt bear comparison with this one. 那是本好字典，但比不上这本。 by / in comparison with (sb./sth. ) 相比之下，比较起来The tallest buildings in London are small in comparison with those in New York. 伦敦最高的建筑物与纽约的一比就矮了。Comparisons are odious.（saying谚）人和事物应以本身的好坏来衡量，不应以他人（他事物）作尺度；人比人,气死人。There is no comparison (用以强调相比较的两人之间或两事物之间的区别)Is he as good as her in chess? No, theres no comparison.他下棋也像她下得一样好吗？根本不能比（她下得好得多）。经典例句There can be no differentiation without contrast. 参考译文有比较才能鉴别。this jewel of Nature：这个大自然的珍宝。这里作者把美丽无比的蜂鸟比作 大自然中的一颇天然珍宝。 she：指 Nature。 in size of：按大小。 （idm习语）Thats about it/ Thats about the size of it. 大致就是这样。补充：sizable adj.相当大的, 颇大的 a sizable field, house, sum of money相当大的一块地、一所房子、一笔钱A large number of factories reported sizable increases in output as compared with the previous year.大批工厂都报告说, 和前一年相比, 产量有很大增长。the order of birds: 鸟类。 （生物分类的）目（介于纲和科之间）maxime miranda in minimis: 拉丁语。maxime 解作最大，miranda 解作值得称羡的东西，minimis 解作最小。 upon it she has heaped all the gifts.：大自然赋予蜂鸟.的一切资质。 n.(一)堆 Put them in a heap.把它们堆在一起。a heap of books, sand, rubbish 一堆书、沙、垃圾clothes left in heaps on the ground 丢弃在地上的一堆堆衣服* The building was reduced to a heap of rubble.那建筑物已经成了一片瓦砾。* (fig 比喻) She collapsed on the floor in a heap.她蜷作一团瘫倒在地上。heaps pl (of sth) (infml 口)大量, 许多 （）We have a heap of work to do.我们有许多工作要做。We have heaps of time.我们有很多时间。Shes been there heaps of times.她去过那里许多次了。* Ive got heaps to tell you. 我有很多话要跟你说。(infml joc 口，谑)破旧的汽车；老爷车vt. & vi.堆积, 堆满 Snow heaped against the fence.雪靠着篱笆堆积起来。Who will heap the stones?谁愿意把这些石头堆起来?. (idm 习语) heaps better, more, older, etc (infml 口)好、多、旧得多: Do have a second helping theres heaps more. 再吃一些吧-东西多着呢。 heap v 1 Tn, Tn.p sth (up) 堆积（物品）： heap (up) stones to form a dam 把石头堆成一道堤坝(fig 比喻) heap up riches 积聚财富 * a heaped spoonful of flour满满的一勺面粉 在某物中装满某物；给予某人大量的某事物heap food on ones plate/heap ones plate with food 在盘中盛满食物 * (fig 比喻) heap praises, insults, etc on sb 对某人大家赞扬、侮辱等heap burning satire and freezing irony upon sb. 对某人大加冷嘲热讽 (idm 习语) heap coals of fire on sbs head 对某人以德报怨而愧悔rapidity n.快,迅速 with great rapidity 非常迅速地The styles change with bewildering rapidity.风格多变，令人应接不暇。The film shows the rapidity of the changes in this area of medicine.这部电影展示了这一医学领域里的迅速变化。陡,险峻nimble adj.灵活的; 敏捷的 as nimble as a goat 像山羊一样敏捷You need nimble fingers for that job.干这活需要手指灵活。a nimble leap 轻捷的一跃(头脑)思路敏捷的; 机敏的have a nimble tongue 能说会道 a nimble reply 巧妙的回答a lad with nimble wits 聪敏的男孩儿 as nimble as a squirrel 身手灵活；举动轻捷nimble-witted a. 聪敏的；机智的补充：deft adj.熟练的, 灵巧的；敏捷的（尤指用手）The pianist has deft fingers.钢琴家有灵巧的双手。With deft fingers she untangled the wire. 她用灵巧的手指解开了金属线。* She is deft at dealing with reporters. 她善于与记者周旋。adept adj.精于的, 擅长于的, 内行的, 熟练的, 擅长的 (in sth) (at/in doing sth.) He is an adept mechanic.他是个熟练的机械师。Chimpanzees are adept climbers.黑猩猩是熟练的攀援者。She is adept in music.她是位音乐大师。He is unusually adept in mathematical calculations.他非常精通数学计算。She is adept at cooking.她善于烹饪。He is adept at organization work.他精于组织工作。He was highly adept at avoiding trouble.他十分善于避开麻烦。巧妙的n.专家，能手 an adept at chess一位象棋名手 He is an adept in carpentry. 他是个木工行家。rich apparel：原义为色彩鲜艳的衣服，这里借喻蜂鸟绚丽的羽毛。 （旧或文）n.（商店出售的）衣服, 服装 This shop sells sports apparel.这家商店卖运动服。lords and ladies in rich apparel 服饰华丽的王公贵妇外观；外表 the white apparel of winter 冬天一片白色的外景覆盖物 （尤指正式场合穿的）衣服，服装 vt.给.穿衣服(尤指华丽或特殊的服装)emerald：原义绿宝石，翡翠，这里指翠绿色。 n.祖母绿;绿宝石;艳绿色 Alice has an emerald necklace.艾丽斯有一串绿宝石项链。 ruby：原义红宝石，这里指艳红色。ruby red 红宝石色 adj esp attrib尤作定语 深红色的: ruby lips 深红色的嘴唇.# ,ruby wedding 红宝石婚（结婚40周年纪念）. 11) topaz：原义黄玉（矿物）；黄宝石，这里指徽黄色。补充：sapphire sf,a n.蓝宝石;钢玉宝石 蔚蓝色; 宝蓝色; 天蓝色female sapphire淡色蓝宝石gold sapphire金光蓝宝石white sapphire刚玉adj.蔚蓝色的; 宝蓝色的; 天蓝色的 gleam li:m n.闪光, 闪亮 They saw the gleam of a lamp ahead.他们看到前面的灯光。A few faint gleams of sunshine lit up the gloomy afternoon.几束隐约的阳光使阴暗的下午有些明亮。the sudden gleam of a match in the darkness 黑暗中突然出现搽亮火柴的闪光柔弱散漫的光；（通常指反光）the gleam of moonlight on the water 水上泛漾的月光the gleam of polished brassware against the firelight 因炉火的光照在擦亮的铜器上所长生的反光（某种品质或情感的）闪现, 流露 The lamplight struck a gleam from her bracelets.她的手镯在灯光的照射下闪闪发亮。A gleam of interest came into his eyes.他的眼里流露出一丝关切的目光。a serious book with an occasional gleam of humor偶有幽默片段的严肃的书 * a gleam of hope in an apparently hopeless situation 在看来绝望时闪现的一线希望* a man with a dangerous gleam in his eye, ie with a threatening look眼露凶光的男子.(idm 习语) a gleam in sbs eye (infml 口)令人向往的人或事物: The plans for the new town hall were then still only a gleam in the architects eye.当时有关新市政厅的计划还仅仅是那建筑师酝酿中的意念。vt. & vi.(使)闪烁, (使)闪亮 The furniture gleamed after being polished.擦过的家具发亮。The sun gleamed on naked swords.阳光把出鞘的剑照得闪闪发亮。The plane glided peacefully and its wings gleamed white.这飞机平稳地滑行, 机翼泛着白光。: He had polished the table-top until it gleamed. 他把桌面擦得很亮。* moonlight gleaming on the water 在水面上泛漾的月光 * water gleaming in the moonlight 在月光下反射微光的水面 * a cats eyes gleaming in the dark 在黑暗中闪烁的猫眼* (fig比喻) anticipation, excitement, etc gleaming in their eyes在他们的眼中流露出期待、激动的神情 with sth (fig 比喻) 指面部或眼睛流露出某种情感eyes gleaming with anticipation, excitement, etc流露着期待、激动神情的眼睛gleaming adj: gleaming white teeth 晶莹皓齿比较：glean 英gli:n vt. & vi. (收割后)拾穗glean sth. from sb. /sth. 一点点地收集(资料、事实、消息、情报等) （通常指来源广、零碎而费力）From what I was able to glean, it appears they dont intend to take any action yet.根据我所收集到的资料分析, 他们看来还不打算采取任何行动。* From what people said, I managed to glean that he wasnt coming. 我从别人讲话中总算弄清楚他不来了.gleaner n.拾穗的人The gleaners gathered up the loose ears of corns.拾谷穗的人把掉落的谷穗收集起来。.gleanings n pl (usu fig通常作比喻) 收集到的零星事物: a gossip column put together with a few gleanings from cocktail-party conversations 鸡尾酒会闲话拾零专栏12) dress：这里借喻蜂鸟的羽毛。soil n.泥土, 土壤, 土地 good, poor, sandy soil 良土、瘠土、沙土 heavy soil 难耕的土地 clay soil 黏土 （rhetoric 修辞）a man of soil 庄稼人Plants get the nutrition from the soil in which they grow.植物从它们赖以生存的土壤中吸收养分。(fml 文)国土；领土；土地 ones native soil 祖国 born on British soil 在英国出生vt. & vi.使某物变脏；弄脏; 污辱White gloves soil easily.白手套很容易弄脏/不禁脏He refused to soil his hands. 他不愿把手弄脏（即拒绝干脏活）。a basket for soiled sheet盛放待洗被单的篮子His actions have soiled his family name.他的行为辱没了家门。aerial adj.空气的, 空中的 Aerial pollution is a problem that should be solved quickly.空气污染是一个亟待解决的问题。存在或悬浮于空中的, 架空的 Is there any aerial liner between Paris and Hong Kong?法国和香港之间有定期航班吗?aerial bombardment, photography, reconnaissance 轰炸、空中摄影术、空中侦察.an aerial railway 架空铁道；高价铁道. n.天线He climbed up to the roof to adjust the aerial for a better reception.他爬上屋顶调整天线, 以改善接收效果。=antenna n.触角, 触须 Sometimes a creature uses a pair of antennae to swim.有时某些动物使用其一对触须来游泳。天线 In our village, there is an antenna on every roof for receiving TV signals.在我们村里, 每家房顶上都有天线接收电视信号。scarcely adv.仅仅; 几乎不 We scarcely have time for breakfast.我们几乎没有吃早饭的时间。Scarcely do I know him.=I scarcely know him. 我同他不那么熟。(我不大认识他。)Weve scarcely any money left.我们几乎一点钱不剩。决不 You can scarcely expect me to believe that.别以为我相信那件事。实在不应该；根本不可能 （表示接连发生）刚一就 勉强；刚；简直不There were scarcely a hundred people present. 出席的不足一百人。* Scarcely had she entered the room when the phone rang. 她一进屋电话就响了。turf n.草皮 laying turf to create a lawn铺设草皮作草坪primitive cottages made of sods of turf and sticks由草皮和木条搭建的原始村舍They still cut turf here for fuel.在这里他们仍然割草皮作燃料。He was busy laying turf.他正忙着铺草皮。草皮块(通常为正方形或长方形) We have ordered several turfs to make our lawn.我们订购了一些草皮块铺个草坪。赛马场；赛马 the hallowed turf of Wembley神圣赛场文布利(vt.使成为神圣,把视为神圣 come to this hallowed spot来到这块圣地)the teams first success of the season on home turf这个队在主场(=home court, home match)赢得的本赛季第一场胜利 补充：客场 away game, away matchHistory shows that New Zealand is almost unbeatable by British teams on their own turf.以往的记录表明新西兰队在主场赛马中几乎从来没有输给英国队。地盘;势力范围 Street violence has escalated as a result of a turf war between rival neighbourhood gangs.两个地段流氓团伙之间因地盘之争引发街头暴力升级。Turf wars are inevitable when two departments are merged.两个部门合并时总免不了争争权限。泥炭,泥煤vt.用草皮覆盖 It will be good if that part of the garden is turfed.要是那片园地铺上草皮,那是很好的。抛出,扔掉;赶走把赶出，驱逐出(地方、组织等) We need to turf the Democratic party out.我们应该把民主党赶走。Several families have been turfed out of their homes.有几家人被逐出了家园。The boys should have been turfed off the bus.这些男孩原本应该被赶下公共汽车的。丟弃，扔掉(不需要的东西)