职称英语模拟题：理工阅读判断练习(7).doc

职称英语培训：/kcnet470/职称英语模拟题：理工阅读判断练习(7)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选B；如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请选C.The Smog （烟雾）For over a month, Indonesia was in crisis. Forest fires raged out of control as the country suffered its worst drought for 50 years. Smoke from the fires mixed with sunlight and hot dry air to form a cloud of smog. This pollution quickly spread and within days it was hanging over neighbouring countries including Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand.When the smoke combined with pollution from factories and cars, it soon became poisonous（有毒的）. Dangerous amounts of CO became trapped under the smog and pollution levels rose. People wheezed（喘息）and coughed as they left the house and their eyes watered immediately.The smog made it impossible to see across streets and whole cities disappeared as grey soot（烟灰）covered everything. In some areas, water was hosed （用胶管浇）from high-rise city buildings to try and break up the smog.Finally, heavy rains, which came in November, put out the fires and cleared the air. But the environmental costs and health problems will remain. Many people from South-Eastern Asian cities already suffer from breathing huge amounts of car exhaust fumes（汽车排放的废气）and factory pollution. Breathing problems could well increase and many non-sufferers may have difficulties for the first time. Wildlife has suffered too. In lowland forests, elephants, deer, and tigers have been driven out of their homes by smog.But smog is not just an Asian problem. In fact, the word was first used in London in 1905 to describe the mixture of smoke and thick fog. Fog often hung over the capital. Sometimes the smog was so thick and poisonous that people were killed by breathing problems or in accidents. About 4,000 Londoners died within five days as a result of thick smog in 1952.1 Indonesia was in crisis because of the drought.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned2 The smog spread to neighbouring countries.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned3 The air-pollution index went up to 300 within a few days.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned4 Water was used to try to break up the smog.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned5 Many Indonesians blamed the government for the drought.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned6 The forest animals havent been affected by the smog.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned7 The word smog first appeared in 1952.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned【参考答案】1. A 2. A 3. C 4. A 5. C 6. B 7. B阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选A；如果该句的是错误信息，请选B；如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请选C.Mother Nature Shows Her StrengthTornadoes （龙卷风） and heavy thunderstorms moved across the Great Lakes and into Trumbull County on Saturday evening. The storms were dramatic and dangerous.George Snyder was driving the fire truck down Route 88 when he first noticed that a funnel （漏斗状的） cloud was behind him. 1 stopped the truck and watched the funnel cloud. It was about 100 feet off the ground and I saw it go up and down for a while. It was moving toward Bradley Road and then suddenly it disappeared, Snyder said.Snyder only saw one of the funnel clouds that passed through northeastern Ohio on Saturday. In Trumbull County, a tornado turned trees onto their sides. Some trees fell onto houses and cars. Other trees fell into telephone and electrical wires as they went down.Amanda Symcheck was having a party when the storm began. 1 knew something was wrong, she said. 1 saw the sky go green and pink （粉红色）. Then it sounded like a train rushing toward the house. I started crying and told everyone to go to the basement for protection.The tornado caused a lot of damage to cars and houses in the area. It will take a long time and much money to repair everything. There was also serious water damage from the thunderstorms. The heavy rains and high wind caused the power to go out in many homes.The storms caused serious flooding in areas near the river. More than four inches of rain fell in parts of Trumbull County. The river was so high that the water ran into streets and houses. Many streets had to be closed to cars and trucks because of the high water. This made it difficult for fire trucks, police cars, and other rescue vehicles to help people who were in trouble.Many people who live near the river had to leave their homes for their own safety. Some people reported five feet of water in their homes. Local and state officials opened emergency shelters for the people who were evacuated （撤走）. The Red Cross served meals to them.This was a really intense storm, said Snyder. People were afraid. Mother Nature can be fierce. We were lucky this time. No one was killed.1 The weather was nice in Trumbull County on Saturday evening.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned2 George Snyder was a firefighter.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned中华考试网3 Amanda Symcheck was having a party in the basement when the storm began.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned4 Power supply system was not damaged during the storm.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned5 There had not been such a severe storm in Trumbull County for a hundred years.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned6 Rescue vehicles had a hard time getting to people.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned7 Several people were missing during the storm.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned【参考答案】1. B 2. A 3. B 4. B 5. C 6. A 7. CThe Threat to KiribatiThe people of Kiribati are afraid that one day in the not-too-distant future, their country will disappear from the face of the earth - literally. Several times this year, the Pacific island nation has been flooded by a sudden high tide. These tides, which swept across the island and destroyed houses, came when there was neither wind nor rain. This never happened before, say the older citizens of Kiribati.What is causing these mysterious high tides? The answer may well be global warming. When fuels like oil and coal are being burned, pollutants （污染物） are released; these pollutants trap heat in the earths atmosphere. Warmer temperatures cause water to expand and also create more water by melting glaciers （冰川） and polar （极地的） ice caps.If the trend continues, scientists say, many countries will suffer. Bangladesh, for example, might lose one-fifth of its land. The coral （珊瑚） island nations of the Pacific, like Kiribati and the Marshall Islands, however, would face an even worse fate - they would be swallowed by the sea. The loss of these coral islands would be everyones loss. Coral formations are home to more species than any other place on earth.The people of these nations feel frustrated. The sea, on which their economies have always been based, is suddenly threatening their existence. They dont have the money for expensive technological solutions like seawalls. And they have no control over the pollutants, which are being released mainly by activities in large industrialized countries. All they can do is to hope that industrialized countries will take steps to reduce pollution.1 The people of Kiribati worry that one day their country will be taken away by a sudden high tide.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned2 High tides used to attack Kiribati when there was strong wind or heavy rain.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned3 The heat released by burning oil and coal is the direct cause of global warming.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned4 Scientists are not sure how serious the effects of global warming will be.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned5 The coral island nations of the Pacific have a long history of civilization.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned6 The people of the coral island nations are unable to do anything substantial about the problem of global warming.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned7 Some industrialized countries are unwilling to spend money in reducing pollution.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned【参考答案】1. A 2. A 3. B 4. B 5. C 6. A 7. CMegaplane （巨型飞机）The Boeing Corp. and Europes Airbus consortium （财团）. are preparing to offer bigger airplanes to the worlds airlines. Now that talks on a joint project have broken down, Boeing is pushing a stretched （拓展） version of the 747, and Airbus is designing an all-new aircraft, known as the A3XX.Seating 550 passengers in the basic model, and 650 in a stretched version, the 1.2 million pound A3XX will not only be the largest airplane in the world, but it will also be one of the most advanced. The outer wings and the horizontal stabilizer （as big as a smaller jets wing） will be made of carbon-fiber composite materials, and will be the largest such structures on any aircraft except the B-2 stealth bomber （隐形轰炸机）. Metal skins will be welded （焊接） together with lasers, removing thousands of fasteners.When a strong wind strikes the A3XXs 260-foot wing, movable control surfaces will prevent it from flexing （扭曲） like a giant spring. This will make the ride smoother and will save weight by reducing the load on the wing spars （翼梁）. A flexible-skinned flap （副翼） will subtly change the wings curvature （曲面） to match the airplanes changing weight as it burns fuel on each journey.The A3XX will carry up to 1,600 meals, filling more than 100 food and beverage （饮料） carts. To make more room for passengers, Airbus plans to put the carts in the lower hold; automatic conveyors and elevators will deliver them to the two passenger decks. Airlines have asked Airbus to look at extra features ranging from lower-deck sleeper cabins to a childrens playroom.Airbus expects to offer the A3XX to airlines in 1998, and deliver the first aircraft in 2003.1 The basic model of A3XX can carry more than 500 passengers.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned2 A3XX will fly faster while consuming less oil.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned3 A3XX will be bigger than the B-2 stealth bomber.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned4 No fasteners will be used in building A3XX because all components will be welded together.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned5 The wing of A3XX will not be spoiled when it is stricken by a strong wind because its surfaces are designed to be movable.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned6 Airbus plans to build a mini-restaurant in the lower hold of A3XX.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned7 The first A3XX will be available in 2003.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned【参考答案】1. A2. C3. B4. B5. A6. C7. AEarthquakeHow does an earthquake start?What makes an earthquake happen? The rock of the earths crust （地壳） may have a fault, a kind of break in the surface. The blocks which make up the earth move, and sometimes this may cause the sides of the fault to move up and down or lengthways （纵向地） against each other. When one piece of rock starts to rub on another with great force, a lot of energy is used. This energy is changed into vibrations （振动） and it is these vibrations that we feel as an earthquake. The vibrations can travel thousands of kilometers and so an earthquake in Turkey may be felt in Greece.What to do during an earthquake?At schoolAs soon as the earthquake starts, students should get under the desks immediately and wait until the teacher tells them it is safe to come out. The teacher should, at the same time, go immediately to the teachers desk, get underneath （在下面） it and stay there till the danger is over. Students must not argue with the teacher or question instructions.As soon as the tremors （震动） stop, all students should walk towards the exit and go straight to the school playground or any open space such as a square or a park. They must wait there until the teacher tells them it is safe to go.At homeIf you are at home when the earthquake occurs, get immediately under the table in the living room or kitchen. Choose the biggest and strongest table you can find. You must not go anywhere near the window and dont go out onto the balcony （阳台）. Once the tremors have stopped, you can come out from under the table but you must leave the building straight away. You should walk down the stairs and should not use the lift - there may be a power cut as a result of the earthquake and you could find yourself trapped inside the lift for hours.In the streetIf you are in the street when the earthquake takes place, do not stand near buildings, fences or walls - move away as quickly as possible and try to find a large open space to wait in. Standing under trees could also be dangerous.1 People knew long ago how an earthquake starts.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned2 Thousands of people were killed during an earthquake in TurkeyA Right B Wrong C Not mentioned3 As soon as an earthquake occurs, students should leave the buildingA Right B Wrong C Not mentioned4 Students should go to the school playground or an open space once the tremors stop.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned5 If you are at home when an earthquake occurs, stand near a big tableA Right B Wrong C Not mentioned6 The best way to leave the building during an earthquake is to get into a liftA Right B Wrong C Not mentioned7 If you are in the street when an earthquake occurs, stay in a large open space.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned【参考答案】1. C2. C3. B4. A5. B6. B7. AWhere Has the Salt Come from?Every now and then, we meet a fact about our earth that makes us feel strange and no answer for the fact has yet been found. Such a fact is the existence of salt in the oceans. How did it get there?We simply do not know how the salt got into the ocean! We do know, of course, that salt is water-soluble, and so passes into the oceans with rainwater. The salt of the earths surface is constantly being dissolved （溶解） and is passing into the ocean.But we do not know whether this can explain the huge quantity of salt in oceans, if all the oceans were dried up, enough salt would be left to build a wall 180 miles high and a mile thick. Such a wall would reach once around the world at the Equator （赤道）!The common salt that we all use is produced from seawater or the water of salt lakes, from salt springs （源泉） and from deposits of rock salt. The concentration （浓度） of salt in seawater ranges from about three per cent to three-and-one-half percent. The Dead Sea, which covers an area of about 340 square miles, contains about 11,600,000,000 tons of salt!On the average, a gallon （加仑） of seawater contains about a quarter of a pound of salt. The beds of rock salt that are found in various parts of the world were all originally formed by the evaporation （蒸发） of seawater millions of years ago. It is believed that the thick rock-salt deposits were formed after about nine-tenth of the volume of seawater had been evaporated.Most commercial salt is obtained from rock salt. The usual method is to drill wells （井） down to the salt beds. Pure water is pumped down （抽进去） through a pipe. The water dissolves the salt and it is forced through another pipe up to the surface.16 We have not fully understood how salt got into the ocean.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned17 The author is sure that the dissolved salt from the earths surface is the only source of the huge quantity of salt found in oceans.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned18 If all the oceans were dried up, the salt thus obtained would be extremely great in size.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned19 The percentage of salt content in the Red Sea is higher than that in the Dead Sea.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned20 Beds of rock salt are found in every part of the world.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned21 After evaporation, about ten percent of seawater becomes rock salt.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned22 Most commercial salt is obtained from seawater.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned【参考答案】1. A2. B3. A4. C5. A6. A7. BComputersBefore the widespread use of computers， managers could not make full use of large amounts of valuable information about a companys activities. The information either reached managers too late or was too expensive to be used. Today， managers are facing a wide range of data processing and information instruments. In place of a few financial controls， managers can draw on computer-based information systems to control activities in every area of their company. On any kinds of performance measures， the information provided by these systems helps managers compare standards with actual results， find out problems， and take corrective action before it is too late to make changes.The introduction of computerized information systems has sharply changed management control in many companies. Even a neighborhood shopkeeper may now use computers to control sales， billing， and other activities. In large companies， electronic data processing systems monitor entire projects and sets o