考研英语反复记忆：必备高频词根(一).doc

凯程考研集训营，为学生引路，为学员服务！考研英语反复记忆：必备高频词根（一）很多同学提到记单词就头疼，感觉单词总也背不完、记不会，实际上英文的构词与中文的偏旁部首有着异曲同工之妙，要想快速牢固记忆，就要学会利用词根、词缀知识来解构单词，从而在理解中分析单词、记忆单词。掌握相应的词根、词缀和单词构成知识，就可以以一带十，用四两拨千金的“巧力”记住海量单词。基于考研英语的大纲词汇及高频词汇，为了提高各位同学的英语词汇记忆效率，请同学们率先从以下词根串联起的必考词汇入手学习，从而使自己的词汇学习由多变少，由生变熟，由难变易，使学习英语单词成为一种乐趣、一种富有成就感的事情。词根：spec, spi(c), scop = to look(看), to observe(观察)1. respect助记：re（回头，反复）+ spec（看）回头看，反复看重视，尊敬释义：vt.尊重；尊敬；关心；遵守；n.尊重，恭敬举例：(1) I respect his judgment and Ill follow any advice he gives m.我尊重他的判断能力，会接受他提出的任何建议。(2) His voice was warm with friendship and respect.他的声音里充满了友善和敬意。2. expect助记：ex（向外）+ spec（看）向外看，向远处看盼望，预期释义：v.期望；预料；要求举例：(1) Dont expect me to come and visit you there.别指望我会去那儿看你。(2) How can you expect me to believe your promises?你怎能指望我相信你的承诺？3. conspicuous助记：con（加强）+ spic（看，观察）+ous（形容词后缀）大家都看，非常惹眼惹人注目的释义：adj.明显的，惹人注意的举例：It is conspicuous that smoking is harmful to health.很明显，抽烟对健康有害。4. despise助记：de（向下）+ spise（看）向下看，看扁了鄙视释义：v.鄙视，蔑视举例：Dont cheat at examination, or your classmates will despise you.考试不要作弊,否则同班同学会轻视你的。5. telescope助记：tele（远的）+ scope（能看到的范围）能使人看到远处的物体望远镜释义：n.望远镜举例：Like a telescope, it has a curved mirror to collect the sunlight.和望远镜一样，它有一个曲面镜可以积聚阳光。词根：spir = to breath呼吸1.aspire助记：a（加强）+ spire（呼吸）呼吸急切，非常想要渴望释义：v.渴望，立志，追求举例：For us, its something that we may aspire to but can never attain.对我们来说,那是可望而不可及的。2.expire助记：ex（出来）+ spire（呼吸）呼出最后一口气逝世，失效释义：vi.期满；文件、协议等（因到期而）失效；断气；逝世举例：His term of office as president will expire next year.他的总统任期明年将届满。3. inspire助记：in（进入）+ spire（呼吸）呼吸进入，注入精神鼓舞释义：v.鼓舞；激励；启迪举例：Our challenge is to motivate those voters and inspire them to join our cause.我们面临的挑战是如何调动那些选民的积极性并鼓励他们加入我们的事业。4.conspiracy助记：con（一起）+ spire（呼吸）+acy（名词后缀）同呼吸共命运共谋释义：n.阴谋；反叛；共谋举例：He suspects theres a conspiracy to cover up the crime.他怀疑有人密谋掩盖犯罪事实。词根：tain,ten= to hold, to keep抓住，保持1.contain助记：con（一起）+tain (抓住)抓在一起容纳，包含释义：vt.包含，容纳举例：Our range of herbal teas contain no preservatives, colourings or artificial flavourings.我们这一系列的药草茶不含防腐剂、色素以及人工调味品。2.detain助记：de（向下）+ tain（抓住）把某人扣下拘留，阻留释义：v.留住，阻住；耽搁；拘留，扣留举例：The act allows police to detain a suspect for up to 48 hours.该法令允许警方将嫌疑犯扣押最多48小时。3.maintain助记：main（=mani=hand，用手）+ tain（抓住，保持）用手抓住保持住，维持释义：vt.保持；保养；坚持举例：In New Zealand, the Maori people maintain a strong cultural tradition.在新西兰，毛利人保持着深厚的文化传统。4. entertain助记：enter（=inter在中间）+ tain（保持）在大家之间保持愉快的气氛招待，使快乐释义：vt.热情款待；使有兴趣举例：(1) She had to entertain some boring local bigwigs.她不得不款待当地一些无聊的大人物。(2) The television programme is designed to educate and not merely to entertain.这个电视节目不仅是为了娱乐而且是为了教育而设计的。5. sustain助记：sus（=sub=under在下面）+ tain（抓住，保持）从下面抓住支撑，使保持释义：vt.维持；支撑，支持举例：Their defense markets are too small to sustain economically viable production runs.他们的国防市场太小，就经济可行性而言不足以维持生产。词根：clos, clud = to shut关闭1. closet助记：clos（关闭）+ et（小的物）封闭的小空间小房间，壁橱释义：n.壁橱；密室；贮藏室；adj.隐蔽的，暗藏的举例：(1) Its just an old rag I had in the closet.这只不过是我挂在壁橱里的旧衣服罢了。(2) I suspect hes a closet fascist.我怀疑他是秘密的法西斯分子。2. disclose助记：dis（表示相反的动作）+ close（关闭）打开暴露，揭露释义：vt.公开；揭露；使显露；使暴露举例：The spokesman refused to disclose details of the takeover to the press.发言人拒绝向新闻界透露公司收购的详细情况。3. enclose助记：en（=in在内）+ close（关闭）关在里面围起来释义：vt.（用墙、篱笆等）把围起来；把装入信封；附入举例：Please enclose a stamped self-addressed envelope.请随信寄来一个贴好邮票的回信信封。4. conclude助记：con（加强语气）+ clud（关闭）结束，下结论释义：v.得出结论；结束；推断出举例：(1) So what can we conclude from this debate?那么从这场辩论中我们能得出什么结论？(2) If the clubs cannot conclude a deal, an independent tribunal will decide.如果俱乐部之间无法达成协议，将由一个独立的仲裁委员会来裁定。5. preclude助记：pre（=before前，向前）+ clud（关闭）在进入前关闭阻止，妨碍释义：vt.阻止；排除；妨碍举例：(1) We try to preclude any possibility of misunderstanding.我们努力排除任何误解的可能性。(2) Their move does not preclude others from investing.他们这一行动并不影响其他人进行投资。6. exclude助记：ex（外面）+ clud（关闭）将关在外面把排除在外释义：vt.排除，不包括；排斥；驱除，赶出举例：(1) Further examination is needed to exclude the chance of disease.需要进一步检查以排除患病的可能。(2) The university had no right to exclude the student from the examination.学校无权阻止这位学生参加考试。词根：strain, stress, strict=to draw tight拉紧1. constrain助记：con（表示加强）+strain（拉紧）使劲拉紧强迫，迫使释义：vt.强迫；强使；限制；约束举例：Women are too often constrained by family commitments and by low expectations.女性往往受到家庭责任和低期望值的束缚。2. restrain助记：re（=back往回）+ strain（拉紧）往回用力拉制止，抑制释义：vt.抑制，压抑；限定，限制举例：If you cant restrain your dog you must lock it up.如果你无法管住你的狗,就必须把它关起来。3. distress助记：dis（分离）+ stress（拉紧）迫于压力而分开使痛苦释义：vt.使痛苦，使忧伤；n.悲痛；危难，不幸举例：(1)The idea of Toni being in danger distresses him enormously.想到托尼正处于危险中，他心急如焚。(2) Jealousy causes distress and painful emotions.嫉妒会带来忧虑和痛苦。4. restrict助记：re（再一次）+ strict（拉紧）进一步拉紧限制，约束释义：vt.限制，限定；约束，束缚举例：The hospital may restrict bookings to people living locally.这家医院可能会限定只有当地居民才能预约。词根：rupt= to break打破1. abrupt助记：ab（=off脱离）+rupt（打破）突然折断突然的，唐突的释义：adj.突然的，意外的； 无理的，唐突的举例：(1) Cross was a little taken aback by her abrupt manner.她鲁莽的态度让克罗斯感到有点吃惊。(2) He was abrupt to the point of rudeness.他唐突到了无礼的地步。2. corrupt助记：cor（=com完全）+ rupt（打破）完全断裂的堕落的，全腐坏的释义：adj.腐败的，堕落的；v.（使）腐烂；（使）堕落举例：(1) The protesters say the government is corrupt and inefficient.抗议者称政府腐败无能。(2) Power tends to corrupt.权力容易造成腐化。3.disrupt助记：dis（=apart分开）+ rupt（打破）破裂开来使中断释义：vt.使混乱；使分裂；破坏；使中断；adj.混乱的；分裂的，中断的举例：(1) The war seemed likely to disrupt the state.战争可能使这个国家分裂。(2) I hope their disrupt friendship will be renewed.我希望他们中断的友谊会继续起来。4.erupt助记：e（=out爆发）+rupt（打破）爆发，突然发生释义：v.爆发；喷出举例：The volcano erupted in 1980, devastating a large area of Washington State.这座火山1980年喷发，摧毁了华盛顿州的大片地区。5. interrupt助记：inter（在中间）+rupt（打