自考商务英语1-3单元专业术语.doc

Unit 1 International business1. customs area 关税区2. conversion 货币兑换3. visible trade 有形贸易4. invisible trade 无形贸易5. gross domestic product 国内生产总值6. FDI 外国直接投资7. portfolio investment 证券投资8. stocks 股票9. bonds 债券10. maturity （票据）到期11. certificate of deposit 大额存单12. licensing 许可经营13. franchising 特许经营14. trade mark 商标15. Patent 专利16. royalty 专利使用费，许可使用费，版税17. copyright 版权18. management contract 管理合同19. licenser 给予许可的人20. licensee 接受许可的人21. franchiser 给予特许的人22. franchisee 接受特许的人23. value chain 价值链24. turnkey project “交钥匙”工程25. BOT（build，operate，transfer） 建设 经营 移交 Unit 2Income level and the world maket1. Gross national product 国民生产总值2. Gross domestic product 国内生产总值3. National income 国民收入4. Per capita income 人均收入 5. PPP (Purchasing power parity) 购买力评价6. Consumerism 消费，消费主义7. Income distribution 收入分布8. Infrastructure 基础设备9. Staple goods 大路货10. Invoice 开发票11. Creditor country 债权国 Unit 3Regional economic integration1. Economic integration 经济一体化2. Free trade area 自由贸易区3. Customs union 关税同盟4. Tariff rates 关税税率5. Settlement 结算6. North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) 北美自由贸易协定7. Common market 共同市场8. Banknotes circulation 货币流通9. Cartel 卡特尔10. Asia pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) 亚太经济合作组织11. Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) 石油输出国组织12. European Commission 欧盟委员会 13. Council of ministers 部长理事会14. Dual-Ministerial Meeting 双部长会议Unit 4 Economic GlobalizationShare holders 股东,所有人Economic globalization 经济全球化Board of directors 董事会Inputs 投入Economic environment 经济环境Parent company 母公司,总公司,上级公司Affiliate 分支机构,会员Day-to-day running 日常管理Multinational Corporation (enterprise) 跨国公司/企业Home country 母国Host country 东道国Unit 5 International Trade (1)Services 劳务Primary commodities 初级产品Specialization 专业化Absolute advantage 绝对利益 Comparative advantage 比较优势Capital, land and labor 资本,土地和劳动力(生产三要素)Unit 6 International Trade (2)Tariff 关税Quota 配额Customs area 关税区 Customs union 关税联盟Import duties 进口关税Export duties 出口关税Ad valorem duty 从价税 Specific duty 从量税Compound duties 复合税,混合关税Drawback 退税Most-favored-nation (MFN) 最惠国Tariff schedule 税率表,税则Non-tariff barrier 非关税壁垒Visible trade 有形贸易Invisible trade 无形贸易Unit 7Deal 交易 trade terms 贸易术语 trading practices 贸易惯例 negotiable （票据，股票）可转让的，可流通的EDI 电子数据交换,customs clearance 结关 dispatch 发送 International Chamber of Commerce（ICC）国际商会roll on-roll off 滚装滚卸的 Incoterms 国际贸易术语解释通则nagotiable transport document 可转让装运单据 EXW 工厂交货,FCA 货交承运人,FAS 装运港船边交货,FOB 装运港船上交货CFR 成本加运费CIF 成本，保险费和运费CPT 运费付至,CIP 运费、保险费付至,DAF 边境交货,DES 目的港船上交货,DEQ 目的港码头交货,DDU 未完税交货,DDP 完税交货Unit8Inquiry 询盘、报价,Quotation 报价,validity period 有效期,offer 发盘,counter offer 还盘,offeree 收盘人,sales(purchase)contract 销售（购货）合同,sales (purchase)confirmation 销售（购货）确认书,consignment 寄售,contracting parties 缔约方,force majeure 不可抗力,arbitration 仲裁,business line 业务（经营）范围,contract proper 合同正文,article number 货号Unit 9Counter trade 对销贸易,Hyperinflation 极度通货膨胀,Reichsbank 德国国家银行,cross-border contract 进出口合同,protectionism 贸易保护主义,financial market 金融市场, Clearing system 清算系统,net positions 实际头寸,compensation trade 补偿贸易,trade credit accounts 贸易信贷往来帐户,barter 易货交易,counter purchase 互购贸易 , Buyback 回购交易,Vertical 垂直的、生产销售全过程,centrally planned economies 中央计划经济国家,competitive devaluation 竞争性贬值,Volkswagen 大众汽车公司,Xerox Corporation 施乐公司,processing trade 加工贸易,consignment 寄售,leasing trade 租赁贸易,auction 拍卖,agency 代理Unit 10debtor 债务人debit 借方，将记入借方financial standing 财务状况credit worthiness 资信可靠状况periodic payments 分阶段付款cash in advance 预付现金open accout 记账交易draft（bill of exchange） 汇票drawer 出票人drawee 受票人payee 受款人usance draft (honor draft, term draft) 远期汇票documentary draft 跟单汇票clean draft 光票documentary collection 跟单托收documents against payment（D/P） 付款交单documents against acceptance（D/A） 承兑交单Unit11applicant 开证申请人opening bank 开证银行beneficiary 受益人correspondent bank 往来行，关系行advising bank 通知行amendment 修改confirming bank 保兑行reimburse 付款unit price 单价partial shipment 分批装运transshipment 转船the uniform customs and parctice of documentary credits 跟单信用证统一惯例，或简称“统一惯例”in favor of 以为受益人the carrying vessel 运载船只，载货船只Unit 12clean credit 光票信用证non-trade settlement 非贸易结算revocable credit 可撤销信用证irrevocable credit 不可撤销信用证maturity 到期，期满confirmed credit 保兑信用证leading bank 主要银行sight credit 即期信用证capital turnover 资金周转face value 面值transferable credit 可转让信用证non-transferable credit 不可转让信用证non-draft credit 无汇票信用证discount 贴现deferred payment 推迟付款revolving credit 循环信用证insolvent 无支付能力的Unit 13Documents 单据 Take delivery of 提（货）Commission 佣金Discount 折扣Shipping marks 运输标记, 唛头Bill of lading 提单Carrier 承运人Shipper 货主 托运人Consignor 托运人Carriage 运输Consignee 收货人Notify party 被通知人Payable 应支付的Airway bill 空运提单Insurance policy 保险单Cargo receipt 货物收据Commercial invoice 商业发票Legal holder 合法持有人Insurance certificate 保险证书Customs invoice 海关发票Consular invoice 领事发票Consular visa 领事签证Shipping advice 装船通知Certificate of health 健康证书Certificate of disinfection 消毒证书Certificate of origin 货物原产地证明书Veterinary certificate 兽医证书Unit 14Documentation 单据的制作或使用Finished products 制成品Deregulation 解除控制，撤消管制规定Productivity 生产率Cost economies 节约成本Intermediate products 中间产品Natural product province 产品自然领域Inventory 存货 库存Logistics 物流Just-in-time inventory system 零库存Common carrier 公共承运人Contract carrier 契约承运人Private carrier 自有承运人Unit 15Insured 被保险人Insurer 承保人Claim 索赔Client 客户Margin 保证金Draw 提取Jeopardy 风险，危险Literature 文献，说明书（此处指商品目录，价目表）Underwriter 保险公司Known premium 已知的保险费Pool 基金，共用款Cargo insurance 货物保险Marine insurance 海运保险Unit 16Port of origin 货物原产地港口Voidable 可使无效的，可以取消的Indemnity 损失赔偿Ruin 毁灭Insurable interest 可保险权益Terms of sale 价格条件All risks 全险Principle of utmost good faith 最大诚信原则Subrogation 代位, 取代Contribution 损失费用分摊原则Proximate cause of the loss 近因原则Forwarding charges 交货费用Free from particular average 平安险With particular average 水渍险Unit 17Exchange rate 汇率Gold standard 金本位制Peg 钉住，挂钩Par value 平价Reserve currency 储备货币Clean float 清洁浮动，自由浮动Dirty float 肮脏浮动，管理浮动Discount 贴现Idle funds 游资Indirect quote 间接标价Direct quote 直接标价Buying rate 买入价Selling rate 卖出价Medial rate 中间价Unit 18Financial resources 资金Finance 提供资金Earnings 收益, 盈利Private sector 私营经济Balance of payments 国际收支Equity investment 股权投资Grace period 优惠期Capital infrastructure (资本密集型)基础设施World Bank Group 世界银行集团International Bank for Reconstruction and Development(IBRD) 国际复兴开发银行International Development Association(IDA) 国际开发协会International Finance Corporation(IFC) 国际金融公司Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency(MIGA) 多边投资担保机构Unit 19returns 收益，回报customer mobility 客户流动inventory 存货tax holiday 免税期green-field strategy 绿地战略acquisition 并购joint venture 合资企业Unit 20investor 投资者securities 有价债券finance 融资equities 权益，普通股broker 经纪人jobber 股票买卖经纪人hedge 套期保值shortfall 亏空，不足，财政赤字stock exchange 证券交易所long-term capital 长期资本secondary capital market 二级资本市场primary capital raising 初级资本筹集market floor 交易所market maker 市场交易人listed market 挂牌市场income tax 所得税gilt-edged stocks options 金边债券期权cost-effective 节约成本publi