词汇练习之十选九及完型.doc

词汇练习之十选九及完型 （一）A. differ B. endless C. appropriately D. directly E. occasionallyF. instructions G. process H. interchangeable I. eliminated J. create So long as teachers fail to distinguish between teaching and learning, they will continue to undertake to do for children that which only children can do for themselves. Teaching children to read is not passing reading on to them. It is certainly not 41 hours spent in activities about reading. Douglas insists that “reading cannot be taught 42 and schools should stop trying to do the impossible”.Teaching and learning are two entirely different processes. They 43 in kind and function. The function of teaching is to 44 the conditions and the climate that will make it possible for children to devise the most efficient system for teaching themselves to read. Teaching is also a public activity. It can be seen and observed.Learning to read involves all that each individual does to make sense of the world of printed language. Almost all of it is private, for learning is an occupation of the mind, and that 45 is not open to public examination.If teacher and learner roles are not 46 , what then can be done through teaching that will aid the child in the exploring for knowledge? Smith has one principal rule for all teaching 47 . “Make learning to read easy, which means making reading a meaningful, enjoyable and frequent experience for children.”When the roles of teacher and learner are seen for what they are, and when both teacher and learner fulfill them 48 , then much of the pressure and feeling of failure for both is 49 . Learning to read is made easier when teachers create an environment where children are given the opportunity to solve the problem of learning to read by reading.III. Reading Comprehension To advertise effectively today, you must abandon the old-school idea of “reaching the masses”. All advertising is local and personal. The key to effective advertising today is to focus on the 50 .Some are the 51 ways every advertiser could work out. You can print a specific offer of your goods or service on door-hangers and place them on doorknobs in your area. Door-hangers on doorknobs will produce results in direct 52 about the strength of your offer. If you need to reach the drivers, flyer (宣传单) under windshield (挡风玻璃) wipers may have better effect than door-hangers. Imagine, how 53 if you hire someone to be a walking ad or launch a T-shirt advertising, 54 , you can print your products on T-shirts of your 55 . In the early 1970s “Hamp Baker says Drive with Care” was spray-painted on cars, which was a public service ad. Ever since, spray-painted sign has become more and more 56 .More grand ways are as follows: virtual showroom. Build a website to 57 a virtual showroom. Use it when people call to ask 58 about your company, your products or your services. Also you can even use an old slide projector to put on a nighttime show. Theyre 59 effective, and in the long run, cheap. Nothing is quite as powerful as a public 60 that seizes the publics attention. You can invite a band to give a performance. 61 , you can hire famous models to show it vividly.Nothing screams “expert” quite as loudly as a book written about a subject. You simply cant 62 the power of your name on the cover of a book. You might only sell a few copies online, but the copies you give away in your town will make you a fortune. You wont make money on the book. Youll make it because of the book.Of course, word-of-mouth is the best way to promote your 63 . Friends and past customers recommend your products to their family, friends and colleagues. Word-of-mouth works because the 64 is based on previous positive experiences. 50.A. contentB. productC. individualD. style51.A. strangeB. commonC. amusingD. perfect52.A. descriptionB. decisionC. discussionD. permission53.A. stupidB. funnyC. impressiveD. ridiculous54.A. that is B. first of allC. as a resultD. generally speaking55.A. customersB. employersC. consumersD. employees56.A. expensiveB. valuelessC. popularD. meaningless57.A. refer toB. serve asC. stand forD. keep off58.A. locationB. business-hoursC. salaryD. details59. A. unbelievablyB. consequentlyC. accidentallyD. occasionally60.A. speechB. sportC. debateD. performance61.A. For exampleB. MoreoverC. HoweverD. To be exact62.A. createB. changeC. imagineD. overuse63.A. productionB. friendshipC. managementD. business64.A. informationB. relationshipC. pronunciation D. achievement （二）A. owes B. common C. battle D. aggressive E. recovery F. survivor G. competitive H. dimmed I. ignored J. leadsAt the age of 25, Lance Armstrong was one of the worlds best cyclists. He proved it by winning several World Championships. It seemed that his future was bright. However, he was told that he had testicular (睾丸)cancer, the most 41 cancer in men aged 15-35. If detected early, its cure rate is a promising 90 percent.Like most young, healthy men, Lance 42 the warning signs, and he never imagined the seriousness of the condition. Going untreated, the cancer had spread to his lungs and brain. His chances 43 . He had to follow the doctors instructions. Then a combination of physical conditioning, a strong support system and 44 spirit took over. He declared himself not a cancer victim but a cancer 45 . He took an active role in educating himself about his disease and the treatment. Armed with knowledge and confidence in medicine, he underwent 46 treatment and beat the disease.During the treatment, before his 47 , before he even knew his own fate, he created the Lance Armstrong Foundation for people living with cancer. His victories are inspiring, but his 48 against cancer has begun not just for himself, but also for all cancer survivors like him who think cancer could not affect them. He plans to lead his fight, and he hopes that you will join him. This is a life he 49 to cancer. This is his choice to live strong. III. Reading comprehensionRachel Carson, a biologist, grew up wanting to become a writer. Her mother taught her to appreciate nature and encouraged her growing interest in zoology. In 1951, she published The Sea Around Us, which was an immediate 50 and won the National Book Award. This book, and her next, The Edge of the Sea, made her famous as a naturalist. A main theme in her works was the 51 that human beings are part of nature. 52 ，she believed that humans carried a great 53 because they had the power to change the environment. Her most influential book, Silent Spring, warned against the abuse (滥用)of the power. In Silent Spring, Carson 54 the use of chemical pesticides, particularly DDT. She argued that DDT had 55 agricultural productivity but killed various plants and animals along with insect pests.Silent Spring caused a big stir. The chemical industry 56 vigorously, arguing that Carson confused the issues and left readers 57 to sort fact from fancy. The public was not persuaded by this attack. So great was national 58 that a special presidential advisory committee was 59 . It called for continued research and warned against the 60 use of pesticides. Eventually DDT was banned in the US, and other chemicals were controlled more 61 .It was not only DDT that worried people. They became more 62 of poisonous fumes in the air, oil spills on the beach and polluted wastes buried in the ground. In the mid-1960s, President Lyndon Johnson addressed environmental concern as part of the Great Society. Johnson hoped for an environment that is 63 to the senses and healthy to live in. 64 lawmaking was part of his broader reform program. 50. A. failureB. bestsellerC. contributionD. honor51. A. dreamB. wonderC. beliefD. mystery52. A. FurthermoreB. ThereforeC. HoweverD. Thus53. A. advantageB. priorityC. influenceD. responsibility54. A. supportedB. attacked C. changedD. predicted55. A. damagedB. achievedC. increasedD. limited56. A. fought overB. fought backC. gave in D. gave up57. A. easyB. unknownC. unableD. eager58. A. concernB. warningC. lawmakingD. passion59.A. registeredB. dismissedC. concludedD. appointed60.A. widespreadB. effectiveC. actualD. temporary61.A. officiallyB. looselyC. strictlyD. frequently62. A. freeB. consciousC. ignorantD. innocent63. A. pleasingB. favorableC. stableD. convenient64. A. HealthB. EnvironmentC. PublishingD. Agriculture （三）Section B（9分）Directions: Complete the passage with the words given in the table. Each word can be used only once. There is an extra one that you will find no use for.A.compare B.responsible C. adopt D.added E. ability F.reference G. Necessarily H.method I.successful J.employmentAs is known to all, the organization and management of wages and salaries are very complex. Generally speaking, the Accounts Department is _41_ for calculations of pay, while the Personnel Department is interested in discussions with the employees about pay.If a firm wants to _42_ a new wage and salary structure, it is essential that the firm should decide on a _43_ of job evaluation and ways of measuring the performance of its employees. In order to be _44_, that new pay structure will need agreement between Trade Unions and employers. In job evaluation, all of the requirements of each job are defined in a detailed job description. Each of those requirements is given a value, usually in points, which are _45_ together to give a total value for the job. For middle and higher management, a special method is used to evaluate managers on their knowledge of the job, their responsibility, and their _46_ to solve problems. Because of the difficulty in measuring management work, however, job grades for managers are often decided without _47_ to an evaluation system based on points.In attempting to design a pay system, the Personnel Department should _48_ the value of each job with these in the job market. _49_, payment for a job should vary with any differences in the way that the job is performed. Where it is simple to measure the work done, as in the work done with hands, monetary(货币的) encouragement schemes are often chosen, for indirect workers, where measurement is difficult, methods of additional payments are employed.Reading Comprehension（50分）Section A Cloze（15分）Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B,C or D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. The standard of living of any country means the average persons share of the goods and services the country produces. A countrys standard of living, _（50）, depends on its capacity(生产力) to produce wealth. Wealth _（51）this sense is not money, for we do not live on money _（52）on things that money can buy: goods such as food and clothing, and “services such as transport and entertainment. A countrys capacity to produce wealth depends upon many factors, most of _（53） have an effect on one another. Wealth depends _（54） a great extent upon a countrys natural resources. Some regions of the world are well supplied with coal and minerals, and have fertile soil and a favorable climate; other regions possess none of them. Next to natural resources _（55） the ability to turn them to use. China is perhaps as well-off _（56） the USA in natural resources, but suffered for many years from civil and external(外部的) wars, and _（57） this and other reasons was _(58) to develop her resources. Sound and stable political conditions, and _（59） from foreign invasions, enable a country to develop its natural resources peacefully and steadily, and to produce more wealth than another country equally well favoured by nature but less well ordered. A countrys standard of living does not only depend upon the wealth that is produced and consumed _（60） its own borders, but also upon what is directly produced through international trade. _（61）, Britains wealth in foodstuffs (食品)and other agricultural products would be much less if she had to depend only on _（62） grown at home. Trade makes it possible for her surplus （过剩的） manufactured goods to be traded abroad for the agricultural products that would _（63） be lacking. A countrys wealth is, therefore, much _（64）by its manufacturing capacity, if that other countries can be found ready to accept its manufactures. 50. A. however B. furthermore C. similarly D. therefore 51. A. by B. on C. in D. with 52. A .or B. but C. either D. besides 53. A. these B. that C. what D. which 54. A. at B. to C. by D. with 55. A. came B. coming C. comes D. come 56. A. to B. like C. by D. as 57. A .because B. for C. of D. by 58. A. uneasy B. incapable C. impossible D. unable 59. A. resolution B. freedom C. aggression D. destruction 60. A. at B. by C. within D. on 61. A. In short B. For example C. As a result D. On the other hand 62. A. which B. what C. that D. those 63. A. otherwise B. certainly C. however D. therefore 64. A. made B. done C. produced D. influenced （四）Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. depression B. ignoreC. popularityD. fashionableE. unwiseF. establishG. constantlyH. residenceI. embarrassmentJ. carefullyHow we look and how we appear to others probably worry us more when we are in our teens or early twenties than at any other time in our life. Few of us are content to accept ourselves as we are, and few are brave enough to _(41)_ the trends of fashion.Most fashion magazines or TV advertisements try to persuade us that we should dress in a certain way or behave in a certain manner. If we do, they tell us, we will be able to meet new people with confidence and deal with every situation without _(42)_. Changing fashion, of course, does not apply just to dress. A barber today does not cut a boys hair in the same way as he used to, and girls do not make up in the same way as their mothers and grandmothers did. The advertisers show us the latest _(43)_ styles and we are _(44)_ under pressure to follow the fashion in case our friends think we are odd or dull.What causes fashions to change? Sometimes convenience or practical necessity or just the fancy of an influential person can _(45)_ a fashion. Take hats, for example. In cold climates, early buildings were cold inside, so people wore hats indoors as well as outside. In recent times, the late President Kennedy caused a(n) _(46)_ in the American hat industry by not wearing hats: more American men followed his example.Today, society is much freer and easier than it used to be. It is no longer necessary to dress like everyone else. Within reason, you can dress as you like or do your hair the way you like instead of the way you should because it is the fashion. The _(47)_ of jeans and the untidy look seems to be a reaction against the increasingly expensive fashions of the top fashion houses.At the same time, appearance is still important in certain circumstances and then we must choose our clothes _(48)_. It would be foolish to go to an interview for a job in a law firm wearing jeans and a sweater; and it would be _(49)_ to visit some distinguished scholar looking as if we were going to the beach or a night club. However, you need never feel depressed if you dont look like the latest fashion photo. Look around you and youll see that no one else does either!III. Reading Comprehension Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.With your workload growing, you may be telling yourself a vacation is one luxury you cant afford. But the _(50)_ is that you cant afford not to take one. A vacation _(51)_ you the opportunity to recharge your physical and motional _(52)_, disconnect from everyday concerns, and return to work rested and _(53)_. Some facts have proved employees are more _(54)_ after a vacation than before one. Here are some tips for you to plan your vacation to make sure that your time away from the office is worry free.Time is right. A Robert Half survey shows that July and August are the most _(55)_ months for employees to take a break because these months offer ideal beach weather and many businesses _(56)_ during this time. When planning your vacation, remember to _(57)_ any activity that your department will be focused on during that time. _(58)_, if a big task is planned for the summer, you may consider _(59)_ your trip until the fall.Turn to others for _(60)_. Ask trusted colleagues to handle your projects whi