专八阅读技巧汇总_SiamLee.doc

1主旨大意题常见的题干表现形式如： The passage is mainly about The passage mainly discusses The main idea (central idea) of the passage is Whats the authors purpose in writing this article? The authors main purpose in writing the passage is to1) 正确选项一般多含有抽象名词和概括性词语，如含有approach，concept，chance，opportunity，various，both，general，many，difficult(y)，way，necessary，necessity，importance等词的选项为答案的可能性较大。2.注意转折词和序列词。转折词如however，moreover，in addition等；序列词如firstly，secondly等。2事实细节题。常见题干表现形式如： According to the passage, it is that. According to the passage, the best solution to is According to the passage，the problem ofpartly arises from The author describesasbecause2) 含有模糊性概括词some，sometimes，certain，someone，morethan，(not)asas，less等的选项为答案的可能性较大；而含有绝对含义较强的词only，everything，all，none，must，never，always，too，so，alone，everyone，entirely，absolute，mainly，any，have to，no，very，completely，hardly，the most的选项为答案的可能性较小。3 推理判断题。常见题干表现形式如： It can be inferred from the passage that We learn from the passage that What conclusion can be drawn from the passage? What do we learn from the last paragraph? It can be concluded from the passage that4语义理解题2.He takes a special interest in botany which concerns the study of plants.根据定语从句中which concerns the study of plants可知botany是“植物学”。3.Capacitance,the ability to store electric charge,is one of the most common characteristics of electronic circuits.由同位语我们可以很快猜出生词capacitance的词义电容量。4.The doctor was on the night-shiftfrom midnight to 8 oclock.这里night-shift的意思可以由破折号后面的内容猜出，意思是“夜班”。根据词语之间的对等关系猜测词义 e.g.The hot tropical weather creafed a feeling of lassitude and encouraged laziness.此句中的and连接并列成分created a feeling of lassitude和encouraged laziness。Created与encouraged对应，而lassitude与laziness,由此我们可以推断lassitude的大概意思是“困乏，无力，无精打采”。 根据对比、转折关系猜测词义 e.g. If you agree, write “Yes”;if you dissent,write “No”.这里前后对比分明，前句表示肯定，后句表示否定，我们由此可以推断出dissent与agree意思相反，意思应是“不同意，不赞成。根据前缀猜测词义 e.g As you are receiving my note by E-mail,its wise to remember how easily this wonderful technology can be misused,some-times unintentionally,with serious consequences.此句中，misuse是在use前加上了前缀mis-，表示“误、错”，从而判断出misuse表示“错用，误用”；unintentionally是由intention intentional intentionally unintentionally演变而成的，从而不难推出其意为“不是有意地”。 根据后缀猜测词义 e.g. Insecticide is applied where it is needed.后缀-cide 表示“杀-者，杀灭剂”，结合大家熟悉的词根insect（昆虫），不难猜出insecticide意为“杀虫剂”。 e.g. Then the vapor may change into droplets.后缀-let表示“小的”，词根drop指“滴，滴状物”。将两个意思结合起来，便可推断出droplet的词义为“小滴，微滴”。根据复合词的各部分猜测词义 e.g. Growing economic problems were highlighted by a slowdown in oil output.或许是一个生词，但是分析该词结构后，就能推测出其含义。它是由high（高的，强的）和light（光线）两部分组成，合在一起便是“以强光照射，使突出”的意思。 5 观点态度题Its the authors view that What is the authors attitude toward The authors attitude towardcould be described as Which of the following best describes the authors tone in this passage?褒义词：positive(赞成的)；supporting(支持的)；praising(赞扬的)；optimistic(乐观的)；admiring(羡慕的)；interesting(有趣的)；humorous(幽默的)；serious(严肃的)；enthusiastic(热情的)；pleasant(愉快的)；polite(礼貌的)；concerned(关切的)；sober(冷静的)等。 贬义词：disgusted(感到恶心的，厌恶的)；critical(批评的)；negative(否定的，反对的)；suspicious(怀疑的)；tolerant(容忍的，忍让的)；worried(担忧的)；pessimistic(悲观的)；depressed(沮丧的)；disappointed(失望的)；ironic(讽刺的)；sarcastic(挖苦的)；bitter(痛苦的)；cynical(玩世不恭的)；sentimental(感伤的)；emotional(激动的)；angry(气愤的)等。 中性词：indifferent(冷淡的，不关心的)；impassive(冷淡的，不动感情的)；uninterested(无兴趣的，不感兴趣的)；ambivalent(情绪矛盾的)；neutral(中立的)；impersonal(不带个人感情的)；subjective(主观