solaris 10 一些系统管理命令 和系统备份方法.doc

solaris 10 一些系统管理命令 和系统备份方法 标签： solaris 10 系统管理 系统备份 2009-04-01 10:101.查看系统版本和系统型号uname -aunmae -XCat /etc/releaseshowrevSunOS5.10其实和Solaris 10是一个东西，名称不同，与Solaris系统的起源相关。下面是两者的关系介绍：HistoryIn 1987, AT&T and Sun announced that they were collaborating on a project to merge the most popular Unix variants on the market at that time: BSD, System V, and Xenix. This would become Unix System V Release 4 (SVR4).3On September 4, 1991, Sun announced that it would replace its existing BSD-derived Unix, SunOS 4, with one based on SVR4. This was identified internally as SunOS 5, but a new marketing name was introduced at the same time: Solaris 2.4 While SunOS 4.1.x micro releases were retroactively named Solaris 1 by Sun, the Solaris name is almost exclusively used to refer to the SVR4-derived SunOS 5.0 and later.5The justification for this new overbrand was that it encompassed not only SunOS, but also the OpenWindows graphical user interface and Open Network Computing (ONC) functionality. The SunOS minor version is included in the Solaris release number; for example, Solaris 2.4 incorporated SunOS 5.4. After Solaris 2.6, Sun dropped the 2. from the number, so Solaris 7 incorporates SunOS 5.7, and the latest release SunOS 5.10 forms the core of Solaris 10.2.显示系统中磁盘的数量formatrootIEDB # formatSearching for disks.doneAVAILABLE DISK SELECTIONS: 0. c1t0d0 /pci1f,700000/scsi2/sd0,0 1. c1t2d0 /pci1f,700000/scsi2/sd2,0 2. c1t3d0 /pci1f,700000/scsi2/sd3,0但是，如果系统中存在硬件raid，format显示的有可能是做过raid的之后的逻辑盘。上例中，c1t0d0就是一个逻辑盘，从下边的命令中可以看出。3.显示系统中软件raid的配置metastat4.硬件raid系统配置工具raidctl该命令可以显示和配置raid。如显示逻辑硬盘和实际的物理盘rootIEDB # raidctlController: 1 Volume:c1t0d0 Disk: 0.0.0 Disk: 0.1.0 Disk: 0.2.0 Disk: 0.3.0则Volume:c1t0d0就是做过raid的逻辑盘，下面则表示系统中有4个物理盘。可以显示控制器的信息：rootIEDB # raidctl -l 1Controller Type Version-c1 LSI_1030 1.03.39.00显示逻辑盘的信息：rootIEDB # raidctl -l c1t0d0Volume Size Stripe Status Cache RAID Sub Size Level Disk-c1t0d0 136.7G N/A OPTIMAL N/A RAID1 0.0.0 136.7G GOOD 0.1.0 136.7G GOOD显示物理磁盘的信息：rootIEDB # raidctl -l -g 0.3.0 1Disk Vendor Product Capacity Status HSP-0.3.0 FUJITSU MAW3147NCSUN146 136.7G GOOD N/A5.cfgadm这是一个配置管理程序，主要用于管理动态可配置的设备，也可以用它来显示系统中已连接的设备：cfgadm -alrootIEDEVL # cfgadm -alAp_Id Type Receptacle Occupant Conditionc0 scsi-bus connected configured unknownc0:dsk/c0t0d0 CD-ROM connected configured unknownc1 scsi-bus connected configured unknownc1:dsk/c1t0d0 disk connected configured unknownc1:dsk/c1t1d0 disk connected configured unknownc2 scsi-bus connected unconfigured unknownusb0/1 unknown empty unconfigured okusb0/2 unknown empty unconfigured ok6.显示系统配置prtconfsysdefdmesg7.如何shudown服务器shutdown -ix -yx表示运行级别，0表示关机，6是重启，s是单用户init xx表示运行级别，0表示关机，6是重启，s是单用户8.备份文件系统1）准备工作查看需要备份的文件系统more /etc/vfstab估计需要备份数据的大小ufsdump S filesystem2)进行备份进入单用户模式shutdown -y(或init s)检查文件系统一致性fsck -m device to fsck(如：/dev/md/rdsk/d3)进行备份ufsdump 0ucf /dev/rmt/0n filesystem显示备份ufsdump tf /dev/rmt/0n9.如何配置外置磁带机1)决定磁带机的SCSI ID2)编辑/kernel/drv/st.conf文件，添加如下几行：tape-config-list =HP Ultrium 3,HP Ultrium LTO 3,HP_LTO_GEN_3;HP_LTO_GEN_3 = 2,0x3B,0,0x1865